1098
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Antioch falls June 28 after a 9-month siege by the Crusader Bohemond of Otranto, who has himself been besieged by a 75,000-man Muslim army commanded by Kerbog, emir of Mosul. Bohemond has lost 5,000 of his 7,000 horses to hunger and disease; so many of his men have sickened and died so quickly that it has not been possible to bury all the corpses, and there has been a falling out between Norman and Provençal Crusaders, but the Muslims sustain heavy losses in the defeat of Kerbog's forces on the Orontes River, whereas the losses among Bohemond's 14,000 infantry and 1,000 cavalry are only moderate.
The Scottish king Edgar cedes the Orkneys, Hebrides, and Isle of Man to Norway's Magnus III, who has been raiding the islands.
France's Philippe I makes his son Louis, 17, co-regent and charges him with resisting the intermittent attacks by England's William II Rufus and Normandy's William III.
A large fleet from Pisa reaches Corfu and remains through the winter to trade on the Byzantine-owned island (see 1099).
The Cistercian order of monks has its beginnings in the monastery of Citeaux founded by French ecclesiastic Robert de Molesmes, 69, and English ecclesiastic Stephen Harding, 50. Unlike the artistocratic and sedentary Benedictines, the Cistercians will become notable entrepreneurs, breaking away from feudalistic ways to pursue new opportunities, mastering the art of cost accounting, moving capital to venues where it can be best used, and turning profits back into their various ventures as they gain dominance over iron production in France and export wool production in England (see 1128).
1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100
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This article is about the year 1098.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 10th century – 11th century – 12th century |
| Decades: | 1060s 1070s 1080s – 1090s – 1100s 1110s 1120s |
| Years: | 1095 1096 1097 – 1098 – 1099 1100 1101 |
| 1098 by topic | |
| Lists of leaders | |
| State leaders | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1098 MXCVIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 1851 |
| Armenian calendar | 547 ԹՎ ՇԽԷ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5848 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -746–-745 |
| Bengali calendar | 505 |
| Berber calendar | 2048 |
| English Regnal year | 11 Will. 2 – 12 Will. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1642 |
| Burmese calendar | 460 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6606–6607 |
| Chinese calendar | 丁丑年十一月廿六日 (3734/3794-11-26) — to —
戊寅年十二月初六日(3735/3795-12-6) |
| Coptic calendar | 814–815 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1090–1091 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4858–4859 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1154–1155 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1020–1021 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4199–4200 |
| Holocene calendar | 11098 |
| Iranian calendar | 476–477 |
| Islamic calendar | 491–492 |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Julian calendar | 1098 MXCVIII |
| Korean calendar | 3431 |
| Minguo calendar | 814 before ROC 民前814年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1641 |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1098 |
Year 1098 (MXCVIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By area
Asia
- The first Crusade proceeds towards Palestine
- February 9 – the crusaders defeat Ridwan of Aleppo.[1]
- June 3 – after eight months of siege, the crusaders take Antioch.[2]
- June 28 – the emir Kerbogha of Mossul is defeated by the crusaders at the battle of Orontes.[3]
- December 12 – after a month siege, the crusaders take Maarat and massacre part of the population.
- August – The Fatimids retake Jerusalem from the Turks.
- The Byzantine Empire retakes Smyrna, Ephesus and Sardis.
Europe
- King Magnus III of Norway (Magnus Barefoot) conquers the Orkney Islands, the Hebrides and the Isle of Man.
By topic
Religion
- March 21 – Cîteaux Abbey is founded by the Cistercian Order.
Births
- September 16 – Hildegard of Bingen, German mystic writer and composer (d. 1179)
Deaths
- January 3 – Walkelin, first Norman bishop of Winchester
- August 1 – Adhemar of Le Puy, papal legate
- December 1 – Domnall Ua hÉnna, Pre-Reformation Bishop of Killaloe
- Baldwin II, Count of Hainaut
- Hugh of Montgomery, 2. Earl of Shrewsbury
References
- ^ Abels, Richard Philip; Bernard S. Bachrach (2001). The Normans and their adversaries at war. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. p. 92. ISBN 0-85115-847-1. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=jOic9EEo3PIC&dq=The+occasion+of+the+coming+of+the+Normans+to+southern+Italy&source=gbs_navlinks_s.
- ^ Rickard, J.. "Antioch, crusader siege of, 21 October 1097-3 June 1098". http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/battles_antioch_crusader.html. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
- ^ Rickard, J.. "Battle of the Orontes, 28 June 1098 (First Crusade)". http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/battles_orontes.html. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
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Héloise
(French philosopher)
Hildegard von Bingen
(German nun)
Cistercian
(member of a contemplative monastic order)
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