1100

1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100

political events

The papal legate Daimbert, archbishop of Pisa, arrives at Jerusalem with his own army of Crusaders, announces that the election last year of Arnulf of Chocques (Arnulf Malecorne, or Arnulf of Rohea) was illegal, deposes Arnulf, makes himself patriarch, and invests Jerusalem's king Godfrey of Bouillon and Bohemond I, prince of Antioch, as his vassals. Godfrey of Bouillon dies at Jerusalem July 18 at age 39 after successful forays against the Seljuk Turks that have taken him as far as Damascus. Daimbert takes over as Jerusalem's ruler, but Godfrey's older brother Baldwin, count of Flanders (and count of Edessa northeast of Jerusalem) marches on the Holy City, forces Daimbert to crown him king, and will rule until 1118 as Baldwin I, with help from Tancred, the Sicilian Norman who is now prince of Galilee (see Daimbert, 1102).

England's William II Rufus dies August 2 at age 44 after being struck by an arrow while hunting in the New Forest. Sir Walter Tyrel is accused of having shot the arrow but flees the country to avoid a trial and then protests his innocence (Ralph of Aix is also accused). Others in the royal hunting train include William's 32-year-old brother, who will reign until 1135 as Henry I.

religion

The antipope Clement III dies at Civita Castellana September 8 at age 75 (approximate) after a 20-year reign in opposition to the legitimate popes Gregory VII, Victor III, and Urban II.

communications, media

Middle English begins to supersede Old English, and the dialect of the Ile-de-France begins to prevail over other French dialects.

1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100

Astronomy

Chinese astronomers build a stone planisphere of the heavens that correctly demonstrates the cause of solar and lunar eclipses. A planisphere is a device that shows a map of the heavens for whatever date and time it is set. See also 510 ce Astronomy.

The Anasazi of Chaco Canyon (New Mexico) construct the building we know today as Pueblo Bonito, with 800 rooms that could be home to as many as 1000 people. As an apartment house, it is not to be surpassed in size until a large apartment complex is built in New York City in 1882. See also 800 Construction; 1882 Construction.

Forks for dining reach Italy from the Middle East, the first inroads of the implement into Europe. See also 600 Food & agriculture; 1370 Food & agriculture.

Italians learn to distill wine to make brandy. See also 900 Food & agriculture; 1276 Food & agriculture.

The art of paper manufacture spreads from Cairo to Morocco. See also 900 Materials; 1150 Materials.

Iron production in China reaches an annual level of 170,000 metric tons (154,000 short tons). See also 954 Materials; 1340 Materials.

During the Song dynasty in China, true porcelain pottery is made, along with improved glazed stoneware called celadon. See also 800 Materials; 1375 Materials.

The gravity-powered catapult, in which the principle of the lever is used to give great speed to a missile attached to the long arm of the catapult when a heavy weight brings down the short arm, is invented. The new catapult is more reliable than the torsion-powered catapult, in use for about 1400 years, since the new form is not affected by humidity. See also 100 ce Tools.

This article is about the year. For the Nokia mobile phone, see Nokia 1100. For the shotgun, see Remington 1100.

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	10th century - 11th century - 12th century
Decades:	1070s  1080s  1090s  - 1100s -  1110s  1120s  1130s
Years:	1097 1098 1099 - 1100 - 1101 1102 1103

1100 by topic

Lists of leaders

State leaders

Birth and death categories

Births - Deaths

Establishments and disestablishments categories

Establishments - Disestablishments v • d • e

1100 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1100 MC
Ab urbe condita	1853
Armenian calendar	549 ԹՎ ՇԽԹ
Bahá'í calendar	-744 – -743
Berber calendar	2050
Buddhist calendar	1644
Burmese calendar	462
Byzantine calendar	6608 – 6609
Chinese calendar	己卯年十一月十八日 (3736/3796-11-18) — to — 庚辰年十一月廿九日 (3737/3797-11-29)
Coptic calendar	816 – 817
Ethiopian calendar	1092 – 1093
Hebrew calendar	4860 – 4861
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1155 – 1156
- Shaka Samvat	1022 – 1023
- Kali Yuga	4201 – 4202
Holocene calendar	11100
Iranian calendar	478 – 479
Islamic calendar	493 – 494
Japanese calendar
Korean calendar	3433
Thai solar calendar	1643
v • d • e

Eastern Hemisphere in 1100 AD.

Events

• July 18 - Baldwin I becomes King of Jerusalem.
• August 5 — Henry I becomes King of England.
• King Henry I proclaims the Charter of Liberties, one of the first examples of a constitution.
• Baldwin of Bourcq becomes Count of Edessa.
• Dagobert of Pisa becomes Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem.
• Bohemund I of Antioch is captured by the Danishmends at the Battle of Melitene, leaving Tancred as regent of the Principality of Antioch.
• The cities of Kalmar, Kungälv, and Varberg, Sweden are chartered.
• In Iceland, the Althing decides that the laws should be transferred to a written form.
• Checkers is invented (approximate date).
• The Ancient Pueblo Peoples culture rises (approximate date).
• Oraibi becomes and remains the first and oldest populated settlement in the USA and what is now Arizona.
• The city of Cusco, Peru is founded.
• The Liao Dynasty crushes the Zubu and takes their khan prisoner.
• Song Dynasty China's population reaches roughly 100 million.
• In the Song Dynasty capital of Kaifeng, the number of registered people within the walls is 1,050,000; the army stationed there boosts the overall populace to some 1.4 million people.
• Genoa, Venice and Pisa gain trading privileges in return for their service in the Crusades.

Births

• May 23 — Emperor Qinzong of China (d. 1161)
• Mary and Eliza Chulkhurst, English conjoined twins (d. 1134)
• Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke (d. 1148)

Deaths

• January 8 — Antipope Clement III
• February 23 — Emperor Zhezong of China (b. 1077)
• July 18 — Godfrey of Bouillon, King of Jerusalem
• August 2 — William II of England
• September 16 — Bernold of Constance, German chronicler
• October 13 — Count Guy I of Ponthieu
• November 11 - Archbishop Thomas I of York
• December 22 — Duke Bretislav II of Bohemia

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