1134

1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140

political events

The German House of Brandenburg has its beginnings as the emperor Lothair II makes Albrecht der Bär (the Bear), 34, head of the Nordmark; Albrecht founds the ruling house of Anhalt (see 1150).

Denmark's former king Magnus the Strong Nielsson is killed in battle at Fostwik June 4 at age 27 (approximate); his father Niels Magnusson escapes to Schleswig but is assassinated there June 25 at age 70 (approximate) after a 30-year reign. An illegitimate 44-year-old son of the late Erik I Evergood takes revenge for the killing of his brother Knud Lavard by Magnus 3 years ago, and he will rule until 1137 as Erik II Emune.

Ostergötland becomes the political center of Sweden as a 34-year-old Ostergötland landowner gains recognition as king. Svealand and Götaland have been united into a single kingdom, the provinces of Skane, Halland, and Blekinge in the south belong to Denmark, while Bohuslän in the west belong to Norway, as do Jämtland and Harjedalen in the north. The new king Sverker I Kolsson was married 2 years ago to the widow of the last Stenkil king and will reign until 1150, siding with the Church and establishing several monasteries staffed by French monks.

Norway's Harald IV flees to Denmark after being defeated at Fyrileif by forces of his rival king Magnus IV Sigurdsson (see 1130; 1135).

Alfonso I of Aragon and Navarre dies, the Aragonese proclaim Alfonso's brother their king, he ascends the Aragonese throne as Ramiro II, but the Navarrese restore their own dynasty in the person of García Ramirez, who ascends the Navarrese throne as García IV (or V) and breaks the union between Aragon and Navarre, declaring allegiance to Castile and León's Alfonso VII (see 1135).

Almoravid forces gain a great victory over the Aragonese at the Battle of Ifragah (Fraga) but are unable to exploit their triumph for lack of resources.

science

Normans in Sicily issue a coin dated "1134 Annoy Domini" that will survive as the first known example of what has become known as Arabic numbering. Adopted by the Arabs in about 800 and brought to Spain about a century later, the numbering system was developed by Hindus in India as early as 200 B.C.

education

The Pontifical University of Salamanca has its beginnings in Castile.

1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140

Construction

A fire in the Romanesque cathedral built by Bishop Fulbert at Chartres is an immediate stimulus for building new towers at Chartres Cathedral (officially the Cathedral of Notre Dame at Chartres, France). The northern tower is started this year and the Royal Portal and southern tower begin a few years later. By 1145 both towers are in progress and have inspired the local population to work toward a new building. See also 1030 Construction; 1164 Construction.

This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2009)

This article is about the year 1134. For the urban art company, see 1134nyc.

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	11th century – 12th century – 13th century
Decades:	1100s  1110s  1120s  – 1130s –  1140s  1150s  1160s
Years:	1131 1132 1133 – 1134 – 1135 1136 1137

1134 by topic

Politics

State leaders – Sovereign states

Birth and death categories

Births – Deaths

Establishments and disestablishments categories

Establishments – Disestablishments v • d • e

Art and literature

1134 in poetry v • d • e

1134 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1134 MCXXXIV
Ab urbe condita	1887
Armenian calendar	583 ԹՎ ՇՁԳ
Bahá'í calendar	-710 – -709
Berber calendar	2084
Buddhist calendar	1678
Burmese calendar	496
Byzantine calendar	6642 – 6643
Chinese calendar	癸丑年十二月初五日 (3770/3830-12-5) — to — 甲寅年十二月十五日 (3771/3831-12-15)
Coptic calendar	850 – 851
Ethiopian calendar	1126 – 1127
Hebrew calendar	4894 – 4895
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1189 – 1190
- Shaka Samvat	1056 – 1057
- Kali Yuga	4235 – 4236
Holocene calendar	11134
Iranian calendar	512 – 513
Islamic calendar	528 – 529
Japanese calendar
Korean calendar	3467
Thai solar calendar	1677
v • d • e

Events

• Cormac's Chapel is consecrated.
• Saint Malachy becomes Archbishop of Armagh.
• Aed mac Domnaill becomes King of Ui Failghe.
• The Church of St. James is dedicated in Glasgow.
• The Augustinian Runcorn Priory is transferred to Norton Priory.
• Buckfastleigh Abbey is refounded.
• Aelred of Hexham enters the monastery at Rievaulx Abbey.
• St. Stephen Harding becomes abbott of Citeaux Abbey.
• Much of Chartres, France is destroyed by fire.
• Henry of Lausanne is sentenced to imprisonment by Pope Innocent II.
• Saint Hugh of Grenoble is canonized by Innocent II.
• Ermengarde becomes viscountess of Narbonne.
• Narbonne is seized by Alphonse I of Toulouse.
• The University of Salamanca is founded in Castile.
• Battle of Fraga: Alfonso I of Aragon is killed, and succeeded by Ramiro II in Aragon and Garcia VI in Navarre.
• The Zeeland archipelago is created by a massive storm in the North Sea.
• Battle of Färlev: Magnus IV of Norway defeats Harald IV of Norway.
• Harald Kesja and Magnus the Strong are defeated at the Battle of Fotevik.
• Eric II becomes King of Denmark.
• The Cathedral of St. Petri in Schleswig is completed.
• The House of Brandenburg is founded when Albrecht the Bear is made head of the Nordmark.
• The Abbey of St. Jacob is founded in Würzburg.
• Hermann III of Baden marries Bertha of Lorraine.
• Evermode of Ratzeburg becomes Abbot of Gottesgnaden.
• Ulrich I becomes Duke of Carinthia.
• The Humiliati retreat to a monastery in Milan.
• Roger II of Sicily defeats a revolt in Naples.
• Vsevolod Mstislavich of Novgorod defeats the Chuds and captures Tartu.
• Yuri Dolgoruki founds the town of Skniatino.
• Iziaslav II of Kiev becomes Prince of Vladimir and Volyn.
• Viacheslav of Kiev becomes Prince of Turov.
• Robert of Ketton and Herman of Carinthia travel throughout France, the Byzantine Empire, and the Crusader States.
• Leo Styppes becomes Patriarch of Constantinople.
• Hugh II of Le Puiset, Count of Jaffa, revolts against King Fulk of Jerusalem.
• Mas'ud becomes sultan of the Seljuk Turks.
• Abdul Qadir Jilani becomes principal of the Hanbali school in Baghdad.
• The Kangguo Era begins in the Kara-Khitan Khanate.
• The Japanese classic text Uchigikishu is written.
• Wu Ge, the Chinese Song Dynasty Deputy Transport Commissioner of Zhejiang, has paddle wheel warships constructed with a total of nine wheels and others with thirteen wheels.

Births

• King Sancho III of Castile (d. 1158)
• King Sverker I of Sweden (approximate date; d. 1156)
• Raymond V of Toulouse (d. 1194)
• Geoffrey, Count of Nantes
• Lord Basava, founder of the Lingayat sect

Deaths

• February 10—Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy
• March 28—Saint Stephen Harding, founder of the Cistercian order
• June 4—Magnus the Strong, Swedish usurper
• June 6—Saint Norbert, founder of the Norbertine order of canons
• June 25—King Niels of Denmark
• August 13—Piroska of Hungary, wife of John II Comnenus
• September—Alfonso I of Aragon
• Mary and Eliza Chulkhurst, English conjoined twins (b. 1100)
• Hugh II of Le Puiset, crusader knight and Count of Jaffa (b. 1100)
• Tughrul II of Great Seljuk
• Emperor Taizong of Jin
• Patriarch John IX of Constantinople
• Engelbert of Carinthia
• Minamoto Motoko, consort of Emperor Go-Sanjo
• Gumushtugin, emir of the Danishmends
• Aed mac mac Tadhg Ua Cellaig, King of Hy-Many
• Bishop Ulfketil of Aarhus
• Reginald Mansoir, Constable of the Principality of Antioch
• Donnchad mac Con Faifne, King of Ui Failghe

This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)