1134
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1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140
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The German House of Brandenburg has its beginnings as the emperor Lothair II makes Albrecht der Bär (the Bear), 34, head of the Nordmark; Albrecht founds the ruling house of Anhalt (see 1150).
Denmark's former king Magnus the Strong Nielsson is killed in battle at Fostwik June 4 at age 27 (approximate); his father Niels Magnusson escapes to Schleswig but is assassinated there June 25 at age 70 (approximate) after a 30-year reign. An illegitimate 44-year-old son of the late Erik I Evergood takes revenge for the killing of his brother Knud Lavard by Magnus 3 years ago, and he will rule until 1137 as Erik II Emune.
Ostergötland becomes the political center of Sweden as a 34-year-old Ostergötland landowner gains recognition as king. Svealand and Götaland have been united into a single kingdom, the provinces of Skane, Halland, and Blekinge in the south belong to Denmark, while Bohuslän in the west belong to Norway, as do Jämtland and Harjedalen in the north. The new king Sverker I Kolsson was married 2 years ago to the widow of the last Stenkil king and will reign until 1150, siding with the Church and establishing several monasteries staffed by French monks.
Norway's Harald IV flees to Denmark after being defeated at Fyrileif by forces of his rival king Magnus IV Sigurdsson (see 1130; 1135).
Alfonso I of Aragon and Navarre dies, the Aragonese proclaim Alfonso's brother their king, he ascends the Aragonese throne as Ramiro II, but the Navarrese restore their own dynasty in the person of García Ramirez, who ascends the Navarrese throne as García IV (or V) and breaks the union between Aragon and Navarre, declaring allegiance to Castile and León's Alfonso VII (see 1135).
Almoravid forces gain a great victory over the Aragonese at the Battle of Ifragah (Fraga) but are unable to exploit their triumph for lack of resources.
Normans in Sicily issue a coin dated "1134 Annoy Domini" that will survive as the first known example of what has become known as Arabic numbering. Adopted by the Arabs in about 800 and brought to Spain about a century later, the numbering system was developed by Hindus in India as early as 200 B.C.
The Pontifical University of Salamanca has its beginnings in Castile.
1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140
Houghton Mifflin Guide to Science & Technology:
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In the year 1134
Construction
A fire in the Romanesque cathedral built by Bishop Fulbert at Chartres is an immediate stimulus for building new towers at Chartres Cathedral (officially the Cathedral of Notre Dame at Chartres, France). The northern tower is started this year and the Royal Portal and southern tower begin a few years later. By 1145 both towers are in progress and have inspired the local population to work toward a new building. See also 1030 Construction; 1164 Construction.
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This article is about the year 1134. For the urban art company, see 1134nyc.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 11th century – 12th century – 13th century |
| Decades: | 1100s 1110s 1120s – 1130s – 1140s 1150s 1160s |
| Years: | 1131 1132 1133 – 1134 – 1135 1136 1137 |
| 1134 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Art and literature | |
| 1134 in poetry | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1134 MCXXXIV |
| Ab urbe condita | 1887 |
| Armenian calendar | 583 ԹՎ ՇՁԳ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5884 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -710–-709 |
| Bengali calendar | 541 |
| Berber calendar | 2084 |
| English Regnal year | 34 Hen. 1 – 35 Hen. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1678 |
| Burmese calendar | 496 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6642–6643 |
| Chinese calendar | 癸丑年十二月初五日 (3770/3830-12-5) — to —
甲寅年十二月十五日(3771/3831-12-15) |
| Coptic calendar | 850–851 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1126–1127 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4894–4895 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1190–1191 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1056–1057 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4235–4236 |
| Holocene calendar | 11134 |
| Iranian calendar | 512–513 |
| Islamic calendar | 528–529 |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Julian calendar | 1134 MCXXXIV |
| Korean calendar | 3467 |
| Minguo calendar | 778 before ROC 民前778年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1677 |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1134 |
Year 1134 (MCXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Asia
- Hugh II of Le Puiset, Count of Jaffa, revolts against King Fulk of Jerusalem.
- Mas'ud becomes sultan of the Seljuk Turks.
- The Kangguo Era begins in the Kara-Khitan Khanate.
- Wu Ge, the Chinese Song Dynasty Deputy Transport Commissioner of Zhejiang, has paddle wheel warships constructed with a total of nine wheels and others with thirteen wheels.
Europe
Eastern Europe
- Vsevolod Mstislavich of Novgorod defeats the Chuds and captures Tartu.
- Yuri Dolgoruki founds the town of Skniatino.
- Iziaslav II of Kiev becomes Prince of Vladimir and Volyn.
- Viacheslav of Kiev becomes Prince of Turov.
Mediterranean
- Ermengarde becomes viscountess of Narbonne.
- Narbonne is seized by Alphonse I of Toulouse.
- Castillan defeat at the battle of Fraga against Muslim troops: Alfonso I of Aragon is killed, and succeeded by Ramiro II in Aragon and Garcia VI in Navarre.
- Roger II of Sicily defeats a revolt in Naples.
- Called by Olegarius, the bishop of Tarragona, the knights Templar establish their first stronghold in Catalonia.[1]
- Battle of Färlev: Magnus IV of Norway defeats Harald IV of Norway.
- Harald Kesja and Magnus the Strong are defeated at the Battle of Fotevik.
- Eric II becomes King of Denmark.
- The House of Brandenburg is founded when Albrecht the Bear is made head of the Nordmark.
Western Europe
- Aed mac Domnaill becomes King of Ui Failghe.
- Much of Chartres, France, is destroyed by fire.
- Henry of Lausanne is sentenced to imprisonment by Pope Innocent II.
- The Zeeland archipelago is created by a massive storm in the North Sea.
- Hermann III of Baden marries Bertha of Lorraine.
- Ulrich I becomes Duke of Carinthia.
By topic
Culture
- May 13 – the Saint-Denis basilica, near Paris, is damaged by a fire. This will give the opportunity to the abbot Suger to rebuild it in a new style, which will open the Gothic period of architecture.
- Abdul Qadir Jilani becomes principal of the Hanbali school in Baghdad.
- The Japanese classic text Uchigikishu is written.
- Robert of Ketton and Herman of Carinthia travel throughout France, the Byzantine Empire, and the Crusader States.
Religion
- Cormac's Chapel is consecrated.
- Saint Malachy becomes Archbishop of Armagh.
- The Church of St. James is dedicated in Glasgow.
- The Augustinian Runcorn Priory is transferred to Norton Priory.
- Buckfastleigh Abbey is refounded.
- Aelred of Hexham enters the monastery at Rievaulx Abbey.
- St. Stephen Harding becomes abbott of Cîteaux Abbey.
- Saint Hugh of Grenoble is canonized by Innocent II.
- The Cathedral of St. Petri in Schleswig is completed.
- The Abbey of St. Jacob is founded in Würzburg.
- Evermode of Ratzeburg becomes Abbot of Gottesgnaden.
- The Humiliati retreat to a monastery in Milan.
- Leo Styppes becomes Patriarch of Constantinople.
Births
- King Sancho III of Castile (d. 1158)
- King Sverker I of Sweden (approximate date; d. 1156)
- Raymond V of Toulouse (d. 1194)
- Geoffrey, Count of Nantes
- Lord Basava, founder of the Lingayat sect
Deaths
- February 10 – Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy
- March 28 – Saint Stephen Harding, founder of the Cistercian order
- June 4 – Magnus the Strong, Swedish usurper
- June 6 – Saint Norbert, founder of the Norbertine order of canons
- June 25 – King Niels of Denmark
- August 13 – Piroska of Hungary, wife of John II Comnenus
- September – Alfonso I of Aragon
- Mary and Eliza Chulkhurst, English conjoined twins (b. 1100)
- Hugh II of Le Puiset, crusader knight and Count of Jaffa (b. 1100)
- Tughrul II of Great Seljuk
- Emperor Taizong of Jin
- Patriarch John IX of Constantinople
- Engelbert of Carinthia
- Minamoto Motoko, consort of Emperor Go-Sanjo
- Gumushtugin, emir of the Danishmends
- Aed mac mac Tadhg Ua Cellaig, King of Hy-Many
- Bishop Ulfketil of Aarhus
- Reginald Mansoir, Constable of the Principality of Antioch
- Donnchad mac Con Faifne, King of Ui Failghe
References
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Gale World Chronology
People's Chronology. Copyright © 2005 by The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Houghton Mifflin Guide to Science & Technology
History of Science and Technology, edited by Bryan Bunch and Alexander Hellemans. Copyright © 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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