1177

1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180

political events

Heinrich II Jasomirgott, duke of Austria, dies at Vienna January 13 at age 62 after a 36-year reign, originally as margrave.

Friedrich I Barbarossa and Pope Alexander III sign the Treaty of Venice in August to begin a 6-year period of peace between the Lombard League and the Holy Roman Emperor (see 1176).

England's Henry II and France's Louis VII sign the Treaty of Ivry; Pope Alexander III has intervened to bring the two monarchs to terms. Henry appoints Hugh de Lacy, 1st lord of Meath, procurator-general of Ireland (but see 1181).

Greater Poland's magnates drive out their despotic duke Mieszko III Stary from Kraków and replace him after a brutal 4-year reign with his 39-year-old brother, who becomes the principal duke of Poland and will reign with mixed success until 1194 as Casimir II (see 1180).

Norwegians in the Trondheim region proclaim Birchleg leader Sverrir Sigurdsson, 28, their king. A former priest from the Faroes Islands whose mother told him that his father was the former king Sigurd II, the young man left for the mainland 3 years ago to claim the throne and has demonstrated his skill as a military leader against the forces of Magnus V Erlingsson, whom he will soundly defeat in 1179 (see 1184).

The Khmer capital Angkor Wat falls to Champa invaders, who will hold it for 4 years.

exploration, colonization

Belfast is founded in northern Ireland as John de Courcy builds a castle to command a ford near the mouth of the Lagan River.

religion

The antipope Calistus (or Calixtus) III refuses to yield his throne at Rome to Pope Alexander III even after the conclusion of the Peace of Venice (see 1176; 1177).

1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180

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Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	11th century – 12th century – 13th century
Decades:	1140s  1150s  1160s  – 1170s –  1180s  1190s  1200s
Years:	1174 1175 1176 – 1177 – 1178 1179 1180

1177 by topic

Politics

State leaders – Sovereign states

Birth and death categories

Births – Deaths

Establishments and disestablishments categories

Establishments – Disestablishments v • d • e

Art and literature

1177 in poetry v • d • e

1177 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1177 MCLXXVII
Ab urbe condita	1930
Armenian calendar	626 ԹՎ ՈԻԶ
Bahá'í calendar	-667 – -666
Berber calendar	2127
Buddhist calendar	1721
Burmese calendar	539
Byzantine calendar	6685 – 6686
Chinese calendar	丙申年十一月三十日 (3813/3873-11-30) — to — 丁酉年十二月初十日 (3814/3874-12-10)
Coptic calendar	893 – 894
Ethiopian calendar	1169 – 1170
Hebrew calendar	4937 – 4938
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1232 – 1233
- Shaka Samvat	1099 – 1100
- Kali Yuga	4278 – 4279
Holocene calendar	11177
Iranian calendar	555 – 556
Islamic calendar	572 – 573
Japanese calendar
Korean calendar	3510
Thai solar calendar	1720
v • d • e

Contents 1 Events 2 Births 3 Deaths 4 Heads of State

Events

• March – Treaty of Venice: Frederick I Barbarossa acknowledges Alexander III as Pope.
• August 1 − Holy Roman Empire renounces any claims on the territory of Rome.
• September 27—Pope Alexander III sends a letter to Prester John, believing he is real.
• November 25—Battle of Montgisard: Baldwin IV of Jerusalem and Raynald of Chatillon defeat Saladin.
• During the third year of the Angen era in Japan, a fire devastates Kyoto.
• Benedictus Abbas becomes abbot of Peterborough.
• Byland Abbey is founded in Yorkshire by the Cistercians.
• Casimir II becomes duke of Poland.
• The Cham sack the Khmer capital of Angkor Wat.
• Roger de Moulins becomes Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller.
• Moscow is burned down and its inhabitants are killed.
• Puigcerdà is founded by Alfonso II of Aragon.
• Leopold V becomes Duke of Austria.
• The Estonians attack Pskov during the winter.

Births

• Baldwin V, King of Jerusalem (d. 1186)
• Robert de Ros, English baron (d. 1226)
• Philip of Swabia, rival of Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1208)

Deaths

• January 13—Henry II of Austria (b. 1107)
• William of Montferrat, Count of Jaffa and Ascalon, father of Baldwin V of Jerusalem (b. early 1140s)
• Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk (b. 1095)

Heads of State

• England—Henry II (reigned 1154–1189)
• France—Louis VII (reigned 1137–1180)
• Byzantine Empire—Manuel I Comnenus (reigned 1143–1180)
• Alexander III (pope 1159–1181)
• Song China – Song Xiaozong (宋孝宗) (reigned 1162–1189)

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