1201
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Contents: political eventscommerce transportation technology |
The Byzantine prince Alexius Comnenus journeys to the court of the Bavarian count Palatine Otto von Wittelsbach and persuades him to divert the route of the Fourth Crusade to Constantinople with a view to restoring his father, Isaac II Angelus, to power (see 1202).
The Venetian doge Enrico Dandolo concludes treaties with the Bavarian count Palatine Otto von Wittelsbach and with the king of Armenia.
The Turkish general Ikhtiar-ud-Din Bakhtiar Khilji seizes Nadia from the Sena king Lakshmana, who leaves for eastern Bengal (see 1206).
Europe's commercial capital is Venice, located midway between the East and the cities of Europe. Venice's Lido and marshes protect it from invaders, and its position gives it natural access via the Adriatic to both the eastern and western Mediterranean, with direct connections via the Po and Adige valleys to the rich north Italian cities of Brescia, Ferrara, Mantua, Milan, Padua, and Verona. The city has links via eastern Alpine passes to the cities of southern Germany and via western Alpine passes to Constance, Geneva, Lucerne, and Zürich, and while Genoa's commercial ventures receive little official encouragement, Venice's doge and senate are eager to support commercial interests.
The St. Gotthard Pass opens through the Swiss Alps between the cantons of Uri and Ticino (see railroad, 1882).
The button and button hole will be invented by an individual in northern Europe in this century. Buttons will be made initially of bone, animal horn, and wood. The ancient Romans wore buttons for decoration, but no one heretofore has used buttons to hold garments together.
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This article is about the year 1201. For the science fiction story, see 12:01 PM.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 12th century – 13th century – 14th century |
| Decades: | 1170s 1180s 1190s – 1200s – 1210s 1220s 1230s |
| Years: | 1198 1199 1200 – 1201 – 1202 1203 1204 |
| 1201 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Art and literature | |
| 1201 in poetry | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1201 MCCI |
| Ab urbe condita | 1954 |
| Armenian calendar | 650 ԹՎ ՈԾ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5951 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -643–-642 |
| Bengali calendar | 608 |
| Berber calendar | 2151 |
| English Regnal year | 2 Joh. 1 – 3 Joh. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1745 |
| Burmese calendar | 563 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6709–6710 |
| Chinese calendar | 庚申年十一月廿五日 (3837/3897-11-25) — to —
辛酉年十二月初五日(3838/3898-12-5) |
| Coptic calendar | 917–918 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1193–1194 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4961–4962 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1257–1258 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1123–1124 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4302–4303 |
| Holocene calendar | 11201 |
| Iranian calendar | 579–580 |
| Islamic calendar | 597–598 |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Julian calendar | 1201 MCCI |
| Korean calendar | 3534 |
| Minguo calendar | 711 before ROC 民前711年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1744 |
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Year 1201 (MCCI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
- July 31 – Attempted usurpation of John Komnenos the Fat.
- John of England puts an embargo on wheat exported to Flanders in an attempt to force an allegiance between the states. He also puts a levy of a fifteenth on the value of cargo exported to France, and disallows the export of wool to France without a special license. The levies are enforced in each port by at least six men, including one churchman and one knight.[1] John also affirms this year that judgements made by the court of Westminster are as valid as those made "before the king himself or his chief justice".[2]
- The town of Riga is chartered as a city by Bishop Albert, who landed on the site of the town with 1,500 crusaders earlier that year.
- Boniface of Montferrat is elected leader of the Fourth Crusade, after the death of Theobald III of Champagne.
- Innocent III supports Otto IV as Holy Roman Emperor, against Philip of Swabia.
Births
- August 9 – Arnold Fitz Thedmar, English chronicler (d. 1274)
- October 9 – Robert de Sorbon, French theologian and founder of the Sorbonne (d. 1274)
- May 30 – Theobald IV of Champagne, Count of Champagne (d. 1253)
- Ladislaus III of Hungary, King of Hungary (d. 1205)
- Danylo King of Rus, 1st king of Halych-Volhynia (d. 1264)
- Alix of Thouars, Duchess of Brittany (d. 1221)
Deaths
- March 21 – Absalon, Danish archbishop (b. c. 1128)
- May 24 – Theobald III, Count of Champagne (b. 1179)
- July 29 – Agnes of Merania, queen of France and wife of king Philip II of France
- September 5 – Constance, Duchess of Brittany (b. 1161)
- Bohemund III of Antioch (b. 1144)
References
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Roger of Hoveden
(English writer)
Rodulfus
(art)
Absalon
(Danish theologian)
Roger of Wendover
(English writer & theologian)
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