1286

1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286 1287 1288 1289 1290

political events

Scotland's Alexander III falls from his horse March 16 while riding in the dark to visit his new queen at Kinghorn. He dies at age 43 after a 35-year reign, two sons and a daughter have predeceased him, and his only living descendant is the infant daughter of his own late daughter by the Norwegian king Erik Magnusson. The Great Council of Scottish tenants in chief appoints guardians to govern in the name of Margaret of Norway, but some clans begin a rebellion (see 1290).

Richard de Burgh, 27, 2nd earl of Ulster, ravages Connaught, deposes the Irish king Brian O'Neill, and reestablishes his family's power by substituting a king of his own choosing.

Denmark's Erik V (Klipping) is murdered at Finderup November 22 at age 37 (approximate). His eldest son is now 12 and will reign until 1319 as Erik VI.

theater, film

Theater: Le Jeu de Robin et Marion by Adam de la Halle is the first French pastoral drama. The playwright presents it at Naples, where he has followed the late Charles d'Anjou, king of Sicily.

1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286 1287 1288 1289 1290

Construction

Work is completed on Harlech Castle in Wales, the second part of the Iron Ring of fortresses built by Edward I of England. See also 1285 Construction; 1287 Construction.

Alessandro della Spina is said to make use of the invention of a friend, Salvino degli Armati; the invention is eyeglasses made with convex lenses to correct nearsightedness. Later, in 1306, Friar Giordano of Pisa claims to have known the person who invented eyeglasses 20 years earlier -- although it is not clear that Friar Giordano's reference is to Armati. See also 1267 Materials; 1300 Medicine & health.

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