1293
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1291 1292 1293 1294 1295 1296 1297 1298 1299 1300
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England's Edward I surrenders Gascony temporarily as a pledge following a Gascon-Norman sea battle. France's Philippe IV confiscates Gascony and summons Edward to his court, and Philippe's treachery precipitates a war.
Florence adopts a constitution (the Ordinances of Justice) that bars both the nobility and laborers from political office and provides for frequent changes of office to prevent any one group or individual from gaining control of the state. The nine priors who constitute the city's Signoria are to be elected for just 2 months each, but while the new system will increase interest in politics and broaden the pool of potential civil servants, it will breed alliances and factional intrigues.
Ferrara's Obizzo d'Este dies after a 29-year reign in which he has annexed the territories of Modena and Reggio; the office of signore has been made hereditary in his reign.
A Chinese naval expedition to Java is forced to return after some initial success (see 1292).
Florence's new Ordinances of Justice exclude from its guilds anyone not actively practicing his profession. The Law of 1282 permitted nobles to participate in government only if they joined a guild, the new ordinance effectively removes the nobility from all share in the city government, and it gives rise to two factions of Guelphs. One faction will favor repeal of the ordinance, the other (adherents will be called Ghibellines) its retention.
Paper manufacturing begins at Fabriano in the Italian province of Ancona (see 1276; 1320; England, 1310).
Painting: Mosaics by Pietro Cavallino for Rome's Santa Cecilia in Trastevere.
A Japanese earthquake at Kamakura May 20 kills an estimated 30,000.
1291 1292 1293 1294 1295 1296 1297 1298 1299 1300
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This article is about the year 1293.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 12th century – 13th century – 14th century |
| Decades: | 1260s 1270s 1280s – 1290s – 1300s 1310s 1320s |
| Years: | 1290 1291 1292 – 1293 – 1294 1295 1296 |
| 1293 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Art and literature | |
| 1293 in poetry | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1293 MCCXCIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2046 |
| Armenian calendar | 742 ԹՎ ՉԽԲ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6043 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -551–-550 |
| Bengali calendar | 700 |
| Berber calendar | 2243 |
| English Regnal year | 21 Edw. 1 – 22 Edw. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1837 |
| Burmese calendar | 655 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6801–6802 |
| Chinese calendar | 壬辰年十一月廿三日 (3929/3989-11-23) — to —
癸巳年十二月初三日(3930/3990-12-3) |
| Coptic calendar | 1009–1010 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1285–1286 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5053–5054 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1349–1350 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1215–1216 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4394–4395 |
| Holocene calendar | 11293 |
| Iranian calendar | 671–672 |
| Islamic calendar | 692–693 |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Julian calendar | 1293 MCCXCIII |
| Korean calendar | 3626 |
| Minguo calendar | 619 before ROC 民前619年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1836 |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1293 |
Year 1293 (MCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By area
Africa
- December – Mamluk sultan of Egypt Khalil is assassinated by his regent Baydara, who briefly claims the sultanate before being assassinated himself by a rival political faction.
Asia
- May 26 – An earthquake in Kamakura, Japan kills an estimated 30,000.
- The Japanese era Shōō ends, and the Einin era begins.
- Khubilai sends a fleet to the islands of Southeast Asia, including Java.
- The Hindu Majapahit Empire of the Malay archipelago is founded by Kertarajasa, it benefits from internal conflict and Mongol intervention to defeat the Singhasari kingdom and establish the empire.
Europe
- Torkel Knutsson leads Sweden in beginning the Third Swedish Crusade against unchristianized Finnish Karelia.
- Enactment of the Ordinances of Justice in the Commune of Florence.
- The Isle of Wight is sold to King Edward I by Countess Isabella De Fortibus for six thousand marks.
By topic
Arts and culture
- Dante Alighieri completes the book of verse La Vita Nuova.
Education
- May 20 – King Sancho IV of Castile creates the Studium General, forerunner to the modern Complutense University of Madrid.
Births
- Margaret de Clare, English noblewoman (d. 1342)
- Felim mac Aedh Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht (d. 1316)
- Philip V of France (d. 1322)
- Philip VI of France (d. 1350)
- John of Ruysbroeck, Flemish mystic (approximate date; d. 1381)
- Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland (d. 1326)
Deaths
- May 2 – Meir of Rothenburg, German rabbi (b. c. 1215)
- November 10 – Isabella de Fortibus, Countess of Devon (b. 1237)
- Henry of Ghent, philosopher (b. c. 1217)
- Khalil, Mamluk sultan of Egypt
- David VI Narin, King of Georgia (b. 1225)
- Dmitri of Pereslavl, Grand Duke of Vladimir-Suzdal
- William of Rubruck, Franciscan missionary (approximate date; b. c. 1220)
References
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Philip VI
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Simon II Pabenham
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