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The murder of nobleman John "the Red" Comyn, earl of Arundel, in the Franciscan church of the Minorite Fathers at Dumfries February 10 begins a Scottish rebellion against England (see 1305). Comyn was a nephew of the former king John de Balliol and a contender for Scotland's throne; whether he was killed by the eighth Robert de Bruce, earl of Carrick, now 31, or by one of his followers will remain an open question, but Robert rushes to Scone, has himself crowned March 25 by John Comyn's widow, Isabel, countess of Buchan, and is condemned as a traitor. England's Edward I sends an army to crush the rebellion; the English triumph June 19 at the Battle of Methven, near Perth; and Robert is defeated August 11 at Dalry, near Tyndrum, by the lord of Argyll, a kinsman of the Comyn family. Robert's wife and many of his supporters are captured, three of his brothers are executed, and Robert goes into hiding on the island of Rathlin near the north Irish coast, where (according to legend) he will regain hope after observing a spider succeed after repeated failure in weaving its web (see 1307).
Sweden has another civil war as the brothers of Birger III Magnusson challenge his sovereignty (see 1290). The insurgency will continue until 1310 (see 1318).
The Premyslid dynasty that has ruled Bohemia since 1198 ends with the assassination of Wenceslas III at Olomouc, Moravia, August 4 at age 16 after a 1-year reign. Wenceslas has been raising an army and was en route to be crowned king of Poland, where he is succeeded by the diminutive former king Wladyslaw Lokietek of Great Poland, who has gained papal support. Now 46, Wladyslaw will unite the principalities of Little and Great Poland (see coronation, 1320). The Holy Roman Emperor Albrecht I gives the Bohemian crown to his son Rudolf, but the Bohemians will not accept Rudolf and an interregnum begins that will continue until 1310.
Rhodes is purchased from Genoa by the military order of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem founded in 1113 (see 1248). The Knights will defend the island until 1522.
Only the tiniest fraction of the world's energy comes from sources other than manpower, animal power, and solar sources that include wood and windmills, but use of coal is increasing (see 1615).
France arrests her Jews on orders from Philippe IV, strips them of their possessions, and expels them (see 1269). The expulsion order averts a schism among Jewish communities in France and Spain that has threatened since the controversial decree issued last year by Barcelona's rabbi Solomon ben Abraham Adret. The anti-rationalist Astruc of Lunel settles at Perpignan, the mainland capital of the kingdom of Majorca, and disappears from history.
England whips and expels some 10,000 Jews who have remained since Edward I's expulsion order of 1290 (see Cromwell, 1657).
Painting: The Lamentation by Giotto di Bondone for Padua's Arena Chapel.
London authorities put a man on trial for burning coal in the city (see 1285). Found guilty, he is executed (see energy, 1589).
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This article is about the year 1306.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 13th century – 14th century – 15th century |
| Decades: | 1270s 1280s 1290s – 1300s – 1310s 1320s 1330s |
| Years: | 1303 1304 1305 – 1306 – 1307 1308 1309 |
| 1306 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders - Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births - Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments - Disestablishments | |
| Art and literature | |
| 1306 in poetry | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1306 MCCCVI |
| Ab urbe condita | 2059 |
| Armenian calendar | 755 ԹՎ ՉԾԵ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6056 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -538–-537 |
| Bengali calendar | 713 |
| Berber calendar | 2256 |
| English Regnal year | 34 Edw. 1 – 35 Edw. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1850 |
| Burmese calendar | 668 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6814–6815 |
| Chinese calendar | 乙巳年十二月十六日 (3942/4002-12-16) — to —
丙午年十一月廿五日(3943/4003-11-25) |
| Coptic calendar | 1022–1023 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1298–1299 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5066–5067 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1362–1363 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1228–1229 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4407–4408 |
| Holocene calendar | 11306 |
| Iranian calendar | 684–685 |
| Islamic calendar | 705–706 |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Korean calendar | 3639 |
| Minguo calendar | 606 before ROC 民前606年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1849 |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1306 |
Year 1306 (MCCCVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–December
- February 10 – before the high altar of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries, Robert the Bruce murdered John Comyn, his leading political rival sparking revolution in the Scottish Wars of Independence
- March 25 – Robert the Bruce becomes King of the Scots only five weeks after the murder in Dumfries.
- May – Hugh the younger Despenser, favourite of King Edward II of England, is married to heiress Eleanor de Clare.
- May 15 – one of the first exchange contracts (cambium) to mention the city of Bruges involved two parties: Giovanni Villani, representing the Peruzzi Company, granting a loan to Tommaso Fini, representing the Gallerani Company of Siena.
- June 19 – Battle of Methven: The forces of the Earl of Pembroke defeat Bruce's Scottish rebels.
Date unknown
- Philip IV of France exiles all the Jews from France and confiscates their property.[1]
- In London, a city ordinance decrees that heating with coal is forbidden when parliament is in session (the ordinance is not particularly effective).
- The Mongols raid India.
Births
- August 8 – Rudolf II, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1353)
- Ashikaga Tadayoshi, general of the Northern and Southern Courts (d. 1352)
- Sasaki Takauji, Japanese poet, warrior, and bureaucrat (d. 1373)
Deaths
- February 10 – John "the Red" Comyn, Scottish nobleman
- March 21 – Robert II, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1248)
- August 4 – King Wenceslaus III of Bohemia (b. 1289)
- Robert de Burghersh, 1st Baron Burghersh
- Roger de Flor, German soldier
- Richard of Middleton, Norman theologian and philosopher of the Franciscan Order (b. 1249)
- Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk (b. 1270)
References
- ^ Nirenberg, David (1998). Communities of violence: persecution of minorities in the Middle Ages. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 18. ISBN 0-691-05889-X.
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