| 13th United States Congress | |||
 United States Capitol (1814) |
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| Duration: March 4, 1813 – March 3, 1815 | |||
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| President of the Senate: | Elbridge Gerry, until November 23, 1814 | ||
| President pro tempore: | William H. Crawford Joseph Bradley Varnum John Gaillard |
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| Speaker of the House: | Henry Clay Langdon Cheves |
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| Members: | 36 Senators 182 Representatives 4 Non-voting members |
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| Senate Majority: | Democratic-Republican | ||
| House Majority: | Democratic-Republican | ||
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| Sessions | |||
| 1st: May 24, 1813 – August 2, 1813 2nd: December 6, 1813 – April 18, 1814 3rd: September 19, 1814 – March 3, 1815 |
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The Thirteenth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1813 to March 3, 1815, during the fifth and sixth years of James Madison's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Third Census of the United States in 1810. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.
Major events
- October 5, 1813: War of 1812: Battle of the Thames
- September 10, 1813: War of 1812: Battle of Lake Erie
- March 27, 1814: Creek War: Battle of Horseshoe Bend
- July 25, 1814: War of 1812: Battle of Lundy's Lane
- August 25, 1814: War of 1812: Burning of Washington
- September 11, 1814: War of 1812: Battle of Lake Champlain
- September 13, 1814: War of 1812: Bombardment of Fort McHenry at Baltimore
- November 7, 1814: War of 1812: Forces under Gen. Andrew Jackson seized Pensacola
- November 23, 1814: Vice President Elbridge Gerry died
- December 15, 1814: Hartford Convention convened
- December 24, 1814: War of 1812: Treaty of Ghent signed
- January 8, 1815: War of 1812: Battle of New Orleans
Major legislation
Treaties ratified
- February 17, 1815: War of 1812: Senate ratified the Treaty of Ghent, 8 Stat. 218
Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Senate
- Democratic-Republican (DR): 28 (majority)
- Federalist (F): 8
TOTAL: 36
House of Representatives
- Democratic-Republican (DR): 114 (majority)
- Federalist (F): 68
TOTAL: 182
Leadership
Senate
- President: Elbridge Gerry (DR), died November 23, 1814, thereafter vacant.
- President pro tempore:
- Joseph B. Varnum (DR), elected December 6, 1813
- John Gaillard (DR), elected April 18, 1814
House of Representatives
- Speaker: Henry Clay (DR), to January 19, 1814
- Langdon Cheves, (DR), January 19, 1814 to end
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1814; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1816; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1818.
Connecticut
Delaware
Georgia
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maryland
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
New Jersey
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New York
North Carolina
Ohio
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Tennessee
Vermont
Virginia
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House of Representatives
Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
Senate
- replacements: 9
- Democratic-Republicans: 2 seat net loss
- Federalists: 2 seat net gain
- deaths: 2
- resignations: 10
- interim appointments: 3
- vacancies: 3
- Total seats with changes: 15
| State | Vacator | Reason for Vacancy | Successor | Date of Successor's Installation |
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| New Hampshire class 3 |
Vacant | Appointed to fill vacancy | Charles Cutts (DR) | Appointed April 2, 1813 |
| Maryland class 3 |
Vacant | Failure to elect | Robert H. Goldsborough (F) | Seated May 21, 1813 |
| Delaware class 2 |
Vacant | James A. Bayard (F) resigned at the end of the previous Congress | William H. Wells (F) | Seated May 28, 1813 |
| Georgia class 2 |
William H. Crawford (DR) | Resigned March 23, 1813 | William B. Bulloch (DR) | Seated April 8, 1813 |
| Connecticut class 3 |
Chauncey Goodrich (F) | Resigned May, 1813 to become Lieutenant Governor | David Daggett (F) | Seated May 13, 1813 |
| Massachusetts class 1 |
James Lloyd (F) | Resigned May 1, 1813 | Christopher Gore (F) | Seated May 5, 1813 |
| New Hampshire class 3 |
Charles Cutts (DR) | Successor elected June 10, 1813 | Jeremiah Mason (F) | Seated June 10, 1813 |
| Georgia class 2 |
William B. Bulloch (DR) | Successor elected November 6, 1813 | William W. Bibb (DR) | Seated November 6, 1813 |
| Tennessee class 2 |
George W. Campbell (DR) | Resigned February 11, 1814 after being appointed US Secretary of the Treasury | Jesse Wharton (DR) | Seated March 17, 1814 |
| Pennsylvania class 1 |
Michael Leib (DR) | Resigned February 14, 1814 after becoming Postmaster of Philadelphia | Jonathan Roberts (DR) | Seated February 24, 1814 |
| New Hampshire class 2 |
Nicholas Gilman (DR) | Died May 2, 1814 | Thomas W. Thompson (F) | Seated June 24, 1814 |
| Kentucky class 2 |
George M. Bibb (DR) | Resigned August 23, 1814 | George Walker (DR) | Seated August 30, 1814 |
| Ohio class 1 |
Thomas Worthington (DR) | Resigned December 1, 1814 after being elected Governor | Joseph Kerr (DR) | Seated December 10, 1814 |
| Kentucky class 2 |
George Walker (DR) | Successor elected December 16, 1814 | William T. Barry (DR) | Seated December 16, 1814 |
| North Carolina class 3 |
David Stone (DR) | Resigned December 24, 1814 | Vacant for remainder of term | Francis Locke was elected, but resigned before qualifying |
| Kentucky class 3 |
Jesse Bledsoe (DR) | Resigned December 24, 1814 | Isham Talbot (DR) | Seated February 2, 1815 |
| Virginia class 1 |
Richard Brent (DR) | Died December 30, 1814 | James Barbour (DR) | Seated January 2, 1815 |
| Virginia class 2 |
William B. Giles (DR) | Resigned March 3, 1815 | Vacant | Vacant for remainder of term |
House of Representatives
- replacements: 13
- Democratic-Republicans: 17-seat net gain
- Federalists: 2-seat net loss
- deaths: 6
- resignations: 13
- contested election: 1
- vacancies: 4
- Total seats with changes: 19
| District | Vacator | Reason for Vacancy | Successor | Date of Successor's Installation |
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| Kentucky 8th |
Vacant | Rep.-elect John Simpson died before this Congress began | Stephen Ormsby (DR) | Seated April 20, 1813 |
| Ohio 6th |
Vacant | Rep.-elect John Stark Edwards died before this Congress began | Reasin Beall (DR) | Seated April 20, 1813 |
| Pennsylvania 15th |
Vacant | Rep.-elect Abner Lacock resigned before commencement of Congress after being elected US Senator | Thomas Wilson (DR) | Seated May 4, 1813 |
| Pennsylvania 13th |
Vacant | Rep.-elect John Smilie died before this Congress began | Isaac Griffin (DR) | Seated May 24, 1813 |
| New York 15th |
Vacant | Rep-elect William Dowse died before this Congress began | John M. Bowers (F) | Seated May 26, 1813 |
| Ohio 3rd |
Vacant | Duncan McArthur Resigned April 5, 1813, having not qualified | William Creighton, Jr. (DR) | Seated May 14, 1813 |
| Pennsylvania 5th |
Robert Whitehill (DR) | Died April 8, 1813 | John Rea (DR) | Seated May 11, 1813 |
| New York 2nd |
Egbert Benson (F) | Resigned August 2, 1813 | William Irving (DR) | Seated January 22, 1814 |
| Pennsylvania 3rd |
John Gloninger (F) | Resigned August 2, 1813 | Edward Crouch (DR) | Seated October 12, 1813 |
| Pennsylvania 7th |
John M. Hyneman (DR) | Resigned August 2, 1813 | Daniel Udree (DR) | Seated October 12, 1813 |
| Illinois Territory At-large |
Shadrach Bond | Until August 2, 1813 | Vacant | |
| Georgia At-large |
William W. Bibb (DR) | Resigned November 6, 1813 after being elected to US Senate | Alfred Cuthbert (DR) | Seated December 13, 1813 |
| New York 15th |
John M. Bowers (F) | Contested election December 20, 1813 | Isaac Williams, Jr. (DR) | Seated December 20, 1813 |
| Tennessee 5th |
Felix Grundy (DR) | Resigned in 1814 | Newton Cannon (DR) | Seated September 16, 1814 |
| Kentucky 2nd |
Henry Clay (DR) | Resigned January 19, 1814 | Joseph H. Hawkins (DR) | Seated March 29, 1814 |
| Massachusetts 12th |
Daniel Dewey (F) | Resigned February 24, 1814 after being appointed Associate Judge of Massachusetts Supreme Court | John W. Hulbert (F) | Seated September 26, 1814 |
| Pennsylvania 2nd |
Jonathan Roberts (DR) | Resigned February 24, 1814 after being elected US Senator | Samuel Henderson (F) | Seated October 11, 1814 |
| Virginia 11th |
John Dawson (DR) | Died March 31, 1814 | Philip Barbour (DR) | Seated September 19, 1814 |
| Massachusetts 4th |
William M. Richardson (DR) | Resigned April 18, 1814 | Samuel Dana (DR) | Seated September 22, 1814 |
| New Jersey 3rd |
Jacob Hufty (F) | Died May 20, 1814 | Thomas Bines (DR) | Seated November 2, 1814 |
| Ohio 6th |
Reasin Beall (DR) | Resigned June 7, 1814 | David Clendenin (DR) | Seated October 11, 1814 |
| Pennsylvania 3rd |
James Whitehill (DR) | Resigned September 1, 1814 | Amos Slaymaker (F) | Seated October 11, 1814 |
| Missouri Territory At-large |
Edward Hempstead | Until September 17, 1814 | Rufus Easton | Seated September 17, 1814 |
| Illinois Territory At-large |
Vacant | Benjamin Stephenson | Seated November 14, 1814 |
Employees
- Architect of the Capitol: Benjamin Latrobe appointed March 6, 1803
Senate
- Secretary:
- Samuel A. Otis of Massachusetts
- Charles Cutts of New Hampshire elected October 11, 1814
- Sergeant at Arms: Mountjoy Bayly of New Hampshire
- Chaplain
- John Brackenridge, Presbyterian
- Jesse Lee, Methodist, elected September 27, 1814
House of Representatives
- Clerk:
- Patrick Magruder of Maryland, elected May 24, 1813, resigned January 28, 1815
- Thomas Dougherty of Kentucky, elected January 30, 1815
- Sergeant at Arms: Thomas Dunn of Maryland, elected May 24, 1813
- Doorkeeper: Thomas Claxton, elected May 24, 1813
- Chaplain:
References
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
External links
- Statutes at Large, 1789-1875
- Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
- U.S. House of Representatives: House History
- U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
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