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Contents: political eventscommerce religion |
English forces loyal to Henry IV Plantagenet defeat the former marshal of England Sir Henry Percy, Baron Percy, at Bramham Moor February 20 and kill him at age 65 (see 1405); the rebellion against the king continues, but it is running our of funds and losing its French support. Forces loyal to Henry IV lay siege in the fall to Harlech Castle at Gwynedd, Wales (see 1409).
Tatar forces lay siege to Moscow under the command of their khan Yedigei (Edigü), who has succeeded Toqtamish and reorganized the khanate (see 1399). Yedigei compels the grand prince of Muscovy Basil (Vasily) I to resume his tribute payments and to recognize Tatar sovereignty.
The former Japanese shōgun Yoshimitsu Ashikaga dies at his native Kyoto May 31 at age 49.
The Chinese admiral Zheng He (Cheng Ho) embarks on a second great expedition from which he will return with the king of Ceylon and the Sinhalese royal family, which will dare to attack Zheng's mission (see 1407; 1412).
Augsburg weaver Hans Fugger dies after a notable career in which he has conducted a successful textile trade, twice married the daughters of weavers' guild masters, and become a member of the guild's committee of 12 and of the city's great council. His sons Andreas and Jakob have become goldsmiths and will carry on the family business until they dissolve their partnership in 1454 (see 1469).
Bohemian preacher Jan Hus, 35, comes under attack from high-ranking priests who complain to the archbishop of Prague about the strong language used by Hus, who has been inspired by the reformist ideas of the late Jan Milíc (see 1367); Hus has condemned a 12th-century ruling to the effect that only priests may partake of wine, representing the blood of Christ, from a chalice during Communion. More alarmingly to the priests, he has inveighed against the venal practices of the Church at a time when sacraments, bell-ringing, and even indulgences absolving sins are for sale. Hus is stripped of his appointment as synodal preacher and forbidden to exercise priestly functions, but the populace comes to his defense (see 1409).
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