1408
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Contents: political eventscommerce religion |
English forces loyal to Henry IV Plantagenet defeat the former marshal of England Sir Henry Percy, Baron Percy, at Bramham Moor February 20 and kill him at age 65 (see 1405); the rebellion against the king continues, but it is running our of funds and losing its French support. Forces loyal to Henry IV lay siege in the fall to Harlech Castle at Gwynedd, Wales (see 1409).
Tatar forces lay siege to Moscow under the command of their khan Yedigei (Edigü), who has succeeded Toqtamish and reorganized the khanate (see 1399). Yedigei compels the grand prince of Muscovy Basil (Vasily) I to resume his tribute payments and to recognize Tatar sovereignty.
The former Japanese shōgun Yoshimitsu Ashikaga dies at his native Kyoto May 31 at age 49.
The Chinese admiral Zheng He (Cheng Ho) embarks on a second great expedition from which he will return with the king of Ceylon and the Sinhalese royal family, which will dare to attack Zheng's mission (see 1407; 1412).
Augsburg weaver Hans Fugger dies after a notable career in which he has conducted a successful textile trade, twice married the daughters of weavers' guild masters, and become a member of the guild's committee of 12 and of the city's great council. His sons Andreas and Jakob have become goldsmiths and will carry on the family business until they dissolve their partnership in 1454 (see 1469).
Bohemian preacher Jan Hus, 35, comes under attack from high-ranking priests who complain to the archbishop of Prague about the strong language used by Hus, who has been inspired by the reformist ideas of the late Jan Milíc (see 1367); Hus has condemned a 12th-century ruling to the effect that only priests may partake of wine, representing the blood of Christ, from a chalice during Communion. More alarmingly to the priests, he has inveighed against the venal practices of the Church at a time when sacraments, bell-ringing, and even indulgences absolving sins are for sale. Hus is stripped of his appointment as synodal preacher and forbidden to exercise priestly functions, but the populace comes to his defense (see 1409).
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This article is about the year 1408. For the short story by Stephen King, see 1408 (short story). For the film, see 1408 (film).
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 14th century – 15th century – 16th century |
| Decades: | 1370s 1380s 1390s – 1400s – 1410s 1420s 1430s |
| Years: | 1405 1406 1407 – 1408 – 1409 1410 1411 |
| 1408 by topic |
|---|
| Arts and science |
| Architecture - Art |
| Politics |
| State leaders - Sovereign states |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births - Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments - Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1408 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1408 MCDVIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2161 |
| Armenian calendar | 857 ԹՎ ՊԾԷ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6158 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -436–-435 |
| Bengali calendar | 815 |
| Berber calendar | 2358 |
| English Regnal year | 9 Hen. 4 – 10 Hen. 4 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1952 |
| Burmese calendar | 770 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6916–6917 |
| Chinese calendar | 丁亥年十二月初四日 (4044/4104-12-4) — to —
戊子年十二月十五日(4045/4105-12-15) |
| Coptic calendar | 1124–1125 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1400–1401 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5168–5169 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1464–1465 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1330–1331 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4509–4510 |
| Holocene calendar | 11408 |
| Iranian calendar | 786–787 |
| Islamic calendar | 810–811 |
| Japanese calendar | Ōei 15 (応永15年) |
| Julian calendar | 1408 MCDVIII |
| Korean calendar | 3741 |
| Minguo calendar | 504 before ROC 民前504年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1951 |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1408 |
Year 1408 (MCDVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–December
- September 16 – Thorstein Olafssøn marries Sigrid Bjørnsdatter in Hvalsey Church, in the last recorded event of the Norse history of Greenland.
- December 13 – The Order of the Dragon is founded under King Sigismund of Hungary.
Date unknown
- Henry, Prince of Wales (later Henry V of England) retakes Aberystwyth from Owain Glyndŵr.
- The Moldavian town of Iaşi is first mentioned.
- The Yongle Encyclopedia is completed.
- Gotland passes under Danish rule.
- Zheng He delivers 300 virgins from Korea to the Chinese emperor.
Births
- April 8 – Jadwiga of Lithuania, Polish princess (d. 1431)
- April 23 – John de Vere, 12th Earl of Oxford (d. 1462)
- May 9 – Sri Tallapaka Annamacharya the mystic saint composer of the 15th century is the earliest known musician of South India to compose songs called "sankIrtanas" in praise of Lord Venkateswara, the deity of Seven Hills in Tirumala. (d. 1503)
- October 1 – Karl Knutsson, King of Sweden 1448–1457, 1464–1465 and 1467–1470 (possible date; his birth may also have been in 1409; d. 1470)
- date unknown – John FitzAlan, 14th Earl of Arundel (d. 1435)
Deaths
- February 20 – Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland, English statesman (b. 1342)
- May 24 – Taejo of Joseon, ruler of Korea (b. 1335)
- May 31 – Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, Japanese shogun (b. 1358)
- December 4 – Valentina Visconti, wife of Louis of Valois, Duke of Orléans
- date unknown
- Coptic Pope Matthew I of Alexandria
- Elizabeth le Despenser, English noblewoman
- John VII Palaiologos, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1370)
- Miran Shah, son of Timur (b. 1366)
References
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