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Contents: political eventscommerce religion |
The English hand Joan of Arc over to the former bishop of Beauvais Pierre Cauchon but vow to seize her again if she is not convicted of high treason against God. An ecclesiastical court tries her on charges that include inappropriate physical appearance: "Not only did she wear short tunics, but she dressed herself in tabbards and garments open at the sides, besides the matter is notorious since when she was captured she was wearing a surcoat cloak of gold, open on all sides, a cap on her head, and her hair cropped round in man's style. And in general, having cast aside all womanly decency, not only to the scorn of feminine modesty, but also of well instructed men, she had worn the apparel and garments of most dissolute men, and, in addition, had some weapons of defense." Convicted, la Pucelle d'Orléans, the maid of Orléans, is burned at the stake in the Old Market Square of Rouen May 30.
Charles the Bold (Le Hardi), duke of Lorraine, dies at Nancy June 25 at age 68. His daughter Isabelle, now 22, becomes duchess and her husband, René, the new duke at Nancy. (René calls himself also king of Naples but will never enforce his claims to the Neapolitan throne.) René's cousin Antoine de Vaudémont claims the throne, a war begins, and René is taken prisoner in the field at Bulgnéville. Yolande of Anjou advises her daughter-in-law to summon the council of Lorraine, rally her army, and demand help from France's Charles VII.
A Venetian fleet under the command of Pietro Loredan defeats a Genoese fleet near Rapallo as the two city-states vie for supremacy in the Mediterranean.
England's Henry VI reaches the age of 10 and is crowned at Notre Dame in Paris December 16.
Hussite Bohemian peasants defeat another army of knights and adventurers at the town of Tabor (see 1420; 1433).
Cambodia's Khmer Empire ends after 629 years as Angkor comes under attack from Siamese or Burmese forces and is abandoned (see Phnom Penh, 1434).
The Chinese admiral Zheng He (Cheng Ho) leads a seventh and final expedition that will reach 20 states (see 1421). He will exact tribute from 11, including Mecca (see 1433).
Florentine banker Cosimo de' Medici is arrested while vacationing at Cafaggiolo; the rival Albizzi family tries to establish itself in place of the Medicis and charges Cosimo with "having sought to elevate himself above others" (see 1429). Instead of taking refuge at Bologna, he allows himself to be incarcerated in a small dungeon in Florence's Palazzo Vecchio, but although sentenced to death he bribes his jailer to have his food tasted before he receives it, bribes the gonfalier to have the sentenced reduced to banishment, and retires to Padua and Venice, where he receives a warm reception (see 1432).
English clergyman and Lincoln College, Oxford, founder Richard Fleming, bishop of Lincoln, dies at Sleaford, January 25 at age 45 (approximate).
Pope Martin V convenes the Council of Basel but dies at Rome February 20 at age 62 after 13½-year reign. He is succeeded by the Venetian-born Gabriele Cardinal Condulmer, 47, a former Augustinian monk who will reign until his death in 1447 as Eugenius IV.
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