1467

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political events

England's constable John Tiptoft, 1st earl of Worcester, is reappointed deputy of Ireland, where he will have the earl of Desmond attainted (see 1464; 1468).

Philippe le Bon, duc de Burgundy, dies at Bruges June 15 at age 71 after a 48-year reign in which Burgundy has become the richest state in Europe. Philippe's 24 mistresses have borne 15 illegitimate children, but he is succeeded by his legitimate 32-year-old son Charles, who will be remembered as Charles the Bold (Charles le Téméraire). The new duke defeats the Liègeois at St. Trond and makes a victorious entry into Liège to begin a 10-year struggle with France's Louis XI.

Turkish forces enter Herzogovina and begin to conquer the Balkan country for the Ottoman Empire.

Moldavia's Stefan the Great (Stevan cel Mare) repulses an invasion by Hungarian forces as hostilities continue between Hungary's Matthias Corvinus (Mátyás Corvin) and the Jagiello dynasty (see 1463). Now 32, Stefan has held power as voivod (prince) for 10 years (see 1471). Matthias reforms Hungary's finances and taxes as a means of raising money to modernize his army to resist the Holy Roman Emperor Friedrich III's claims to his throne; he ends the special exemptions that large landowners have enjoyed, but the new taxes will provoke revolts, the lower nobility will gain increased influence at the expense of the barons, and it is the peasantry that will bear the great load of taxation (see 1470; royal decree, 1486).

A Japanese civil war begins over the succession to the Ashikaga shōgunate. The shōgun Yoshimasa appointed his brother Yoshimi Fujiwara as his successor before the birth last year of his son Yoshihisa; the boy's mother wants Yoshihisa to be her husband's heir, so she enlists the support of Gen. Sōzen Yamana while her brother-in-law enlists the support of Gen. Katsumoto Hosokawa. Kyoto will be nearly destroyed as both factions permit their unpaid soldiers to loot and pillage in a conflict which will spread throughout Japan and continue for 11 years.

art

The Japanese Zen priest and landscape painter Sesshu, 48, goes to Beijing (Peking) to study after having studied for years under Shubun, a Chinese painter who became a naturalized Japanese and brought Chinese and Japanese art closer together.

food and drink

The new archbishop of York is enthroned with feasts that required the purchase of 300 quarters of wheat, 300 tuns of ale, 100 tuns of wine, one pipe of hippocras, 105 oxens, six wild bulls, 1,000 sheep, 304 calves, 304 pigs, 400 swans.

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