1475
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England's Edward IV invades France in support of Burgundy's Charles the Bold. Louis XI meets with him and buys him off August 29 in the Peace of Picquigny.
Cologne gains recognition as a free imperial city (see 1396).
Portugal and Castile go to war over the succession to Enrique IV (see 1474), but the cortes at Segovia recognizes Isabella's right to inherit the throne with her husband, Aragon's Prince Ferdinand; Pedro Cardinal González de Mendoza helps bring peace to the realm by negotiating with rebellious landowners in Andalusia and pacifying dissident noblemen.
Soldier of fortune Bartolomeo Colleoni dies at Venice at age 75, having fought as a condottiere for both Venice and Milan. He has been generalissimo of Venice since 1454.
Ottoman forces invade Moldavia, but the Battle of Vaslui on the Barlad River ends in victory for Stefan the Great, now 40, whose 40,000 men defeat a Turkish army of 120,000 (see 1471). Stefan is determined to "cut off the pagan's right hand," and Pope Sixtus IV calls him the "athlete of Christ."
Pope Sixtus IV replaces Florence's Medici family as papal bankers with the Pazzi family following a rapprochement with Don Ferrante of Naples as the della Rovere family's pope tries to consolidate the papal states (but see Pazzi conspiracy, 1478).
The Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye published at Bruges by dilettante English printer-translator-cloth dealer William Caxton, 53, is the first book to be printed in English. Caxton has learned the printing trade at Cologne after having dealt in hand written manuscripts, and he has spent 2 years in translating the Recuyell (Collection) from French (see 1476).
Poetry: "Trees with Mildew" ("Sylva in scabiem") by humanist Florentine poet Politian (Angelo Poliziano), 21, who has been charged with the instruction of Lorenzo de' Medici's eldest son Piero.
Painting: St. Justine by Giovanni Bellini; The Adoration of the Magi by Florentine painter Perugino (Pietro di Cristoforo di Vannucci), 29; Apollo and Daphne and The Martyrdom of St. Sebastian by Italian painter Antonio Pollaiolo, 44, and his brother Piero, 31. Paolo Uccello dies at Florence December 10 at age 78.
England's Winchester Cathedral is completed after 425 years of construction.
Concerning Honest Pleasure and Physical Well-being (De Honeste Voluptate et Valetudine Vulgare) by Vatican librarian Platina (Bartolomeo de' Sacchi), 54, is the world's first printed cookbook (or, perhaps more accurately, a philosophical treatise on the good life containing some recipes). Platina (his pen name is a latinized version of his hometown, Piadena) is a onetime soldier, courtier, Greek tutor to the Medici family, and secretary to Cardinal Gonzaga, who now serves as librarian to Pope Sixtus IV. His book will be translated into Italian (in 1487), French, and German; he notes that sugar is now being produced in Crete and Sicily as well as in India and Arabia.
The world's first coffee house opens at Constantinople under the name Kiva Han (see 1453). Muslim fanatics will persecute coffee drinkers (see 1511; Venice, 1560).
1471 1472 1473 1474 1475 1476 1477 1478 1479 1480
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This article is about the year 1475.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 14th century – 15th century – 16th century |
| Decades: | 1440s 1450s 1460s – 1470s – 1480s 1490s 1500s |
| Years: | 1472 1473 1474 – 1475 – 1476 1477 1478 |
| 1475 by topic |
|---|
| Arts and science |
| Architecture - Art |
| Politics |
| State leaders - Sovereign states |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births - Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments - Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1475 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1475 MCDLXXV |
| Ab urbe condita | 2228 |
| Armenian calendar | 924 ԹՎ ՋԻԴ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6225 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -369–-368 |
| Bengali calendar | 882 |
| Berber calendar | 2425 |
| English Regnal year | 14 Edw. 4 – 15 Edw. 4 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2019 |
| Burmese calendar | 837 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6983–6984 |
| Chinese calendar | 甲午年十一月廿四日 (4111/4171-11-24) — to —
乙未年十二月初四日(4112/4172-12-4) |
| Coptic calendar | 1191–1192 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1467–1468 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5235–5236 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Bikram Samwat | 1531–1532 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1397–1398 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4576–4577 |
| Holocene calendar | 11475 |
| Iranian calendar | 853–854 |
| Islamic calendar | 879–880 |
| Japanese calendar | Bunmei 7 (文明7年) |
| Korean calendar | 3808 |
| Minguo calendar | 437 before ROC 民前437年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2018 |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1475 |
Year 1475 (MCDLXXV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–December
- January 10 – Battle of Vaslui: Stephen III of Moldavia defeats the Ottoman Empire, which was led at that time by Mehmed II, the conqueror of Constantinople.
- August 29— The Treaty of Picquigny ends a brief war between France and England.
- November – The Battle on the Planta takes place during the Burgundian Wars.
Date unknown
- Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye is the first book to be printed in English, by William Caxton in Bruges.
- Rashi's commentary on the Torah is the first dated book to be printed in Hebrew, in Reggio di Calabria.[1]
- The Landshuter hochzeit takes place.
- The oldest recorded game of chess is played, between Francesco di Castellvi and Narciso Vinyoles.
Births
- February 25 – Edward, Earl of Warwick, last male member of the House of York (d. 1499)
- March 6 – Michelangelo Buonarroti, Italian painter (d. 1564)
- September 6 – Sebastiano Serlio, Italian Mannerist architect (d. 1554)
- September 13 – Cesare Borgia, illegitimate son of Pope Alexander VI (approximate date; d. 1507)
- December 11 – Pope Leo X (d. 1521)
- December 24 – Thomas Murner, German satirist (d. c. 1537)
- date unknown
- Valerius Anshelm, Swiss chronicler
- Vasco Núñez de Balboa, Spanish conquistador (approximate date; d. 1519)
- Gendun Gyatso, 2nd Dalai Lama (d. 1541)
- probable
- Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón, Spanish explorer (d. 1526)
- Thomas West, 9th Baron De La Warr (d. 1554)
- Margaret Drummond, mistress of James IV of Scotland (d. 1502)
- Pierre Gringore, French poet and playwright (d. 1538)
- Filippo de Lurano, Italian composer (d. 1520)
- Francisco Pizarro, Spanish conquistador (d. 1541)
- John Stokesley, English prelate (d. 1539)
Deaths
- March – Simon of Trent, Italian saint, subject of a blood libel
- March 10 – Richard West, 7th Baron De La Warr (b. 1430)
- June 13 – Joan of Portugal, Queen of Castile (b. 1439)
- September 6 – Adolph II of Nassau, Archbishop of Mainz (b. c. 1423)
- December 10 – Paolo Uccello, Italian painter (b. 1397)
- date unknown
- Georges Chastellain, Burgundian chronicler and poet
- Radu cel Frumos, Prince of Wallachia (b. c. 1437)
- Theodorus Gaza, one of the Greek scholars who were the leaders of the revival of learning in the 15th century (b. c. 1400)
- Theodosius, Metropolitan of Moscow
- Masuccio Salernitano, Italian poet (b. 1410)
References
- ^ {cite web|title=The Earliest Printed Book in Hebrew|url=http://menachemmendel.net/blog/2007/04/11/the-earliest-printed-book-in-hebrew/%7Cfirst=Menachem%7Clast=Mendel%7Cyear=2007%7Caccessdate=2011-12-09}}
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Reborch
(person)
Balboa, Vasco Núñez de
(Spanish explorer and colonial governor)
Caxton, William
(English printer)
Leo X
(Pope)
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