1787 in science
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1787 in science
| List of years in science (table) |
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The year 1787 in science and technology involved some significant events.
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Contents
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Astronomy
- January 11 - William Herschel discovers Titania and Oberon, the first moons of Uranus found.
- Caroline Herschel is granted an annual salary of £50 by King George III of Great Britain for acting as assistant to her brother William in astronomy.[1]
Biology
- William Curtis begins publication of The Botanical Magazine; or Flower-Garden Displayed in London. As Curtis's Botanical Magazine, it will still be published into the 21st century.
- Spanish physician Francisco Xavier Cid publishes Tarantismo Observado en España, a study of tarantulas and the tarantella as a cure for their bite.
- King George III of Great Britain, writing as Ralph Robinson of Windsor, contributes to Arthur Young's Annals of Agriculture.
Chemistry
- The element silicon is first identified by Antoine Lavoisier.
- Guyton de Morveau, Jean-Henri Hassenfratz, Antoine François, Antoine Lavoisier, Pierre Adet and Claude Berthollet publish Méthode de nomenclature chimique in Paris.
Physics
- Ernst Chladni publishes Entdeckungen über die Theorie des Klanges, demonstrating modes of vibration.
Surveying
- Principal Triangulation of Great Britain completed under the direction of General William Roy.
Technology
- June - William Symington patents improvements to the Watt steam engine.[2]
- c. July - John Wilkinson launches an iron barge in the English Midlands.[3]
- August 27 - Launching a 45-foot (14 m) steam-powered craft on the Delaware River, John Fitch demonstrates the first United States patent for his design.
- December 3 - James Rumsey demonstrates a water-jet propelled boat on the Potomac.
- First production of all-iron edge rail (for underground colliery rail transport), at Plymouth Ironworks, Merthyr Tydfil, South Wales.[4]
- First introduction of a plateway, underground at Sheffield Park Colliery, Yorkshire, England, by John Curr.[5]
Awards
Births
- March 6 - Joseph von Fraunhofer (died 1826), Bavarian physicist.
- March 8 - Karl Ferdinand von Graefe (died 1840), Polish-born German surgeon.
- March 16 - Georg Ohm (died 1854), German physicist.
- June 7 - William Conybeare (died 1857), English geologist.
- June 27 - Thomas Say (died 1834), American naturalist.
- August 24 - James Weddell (died 1834), Flemish-born Anglo-Scots seal hunter and Antarctic explorer.
- Undated
- Josephine Kablick (died 1863), Czech botanist and paleontologist.
- Pierre Charles Alexandre Louis (died 1872), French physician.
Deaths
- February 13 - Ruđer Bošković, Ragusan physicist, mathematician and astronomer (born 1711)
- May 10 - William Watson, English physician, botanist and physicist (born 1715)
References
- ^ Ogilvie, Marilyn Bailey (1986). Women in Science: Antiquity through the Nineteenth Century. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. pp. 97–98. ISBN 0-262-65038-X.
- ^ Harvey, W. S.; Downs-Rose, G. (1980). "The Improved Atmospheric Engine". William Symington, inventor and engine builder. London: Northgate Publishing. pp. 19–32. ISBN 0-85298-443-X.
- ^ "John Wilkinson (1728 - 1808)". History - Historic Figures. BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/wilkinson_john.shtml. Retrieved 2011-06-29.
- ^ van Laun, John (2001). Early Limestone Railways. London: Newcomen Society. pp. 203–4. ISBN 0-904685-09-8.
- ^ Occasional Paper (Railway and Canal Historical Society, Early Railway Group) 184,192.
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