| 180 BC by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 180 BC |
| Ab urbe condita | 574 |
| Armenian calendar | N/A |
| Bahá'í calendar | -2023 – -2022 |
| Berber calendar | 771 |
| Buddhist calendar | 365 |
| Burmese calendar | -817 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5329 – 5330 |
| Chinese calendar | [[Sexagenary cycle|]]年 (2457/2517) — to —
[[Sexagenary cycle|]]年(2458/2518) |
| Coptic calendar | -463 – -462 |
| Ethiopian calendar | -187 – -186 |
| Hebrew calendar | 3581 – 3582 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | -124 – -123 |
| - Shaka Samvat | N/A |
| - Kali Yuga | 2922 – 2923 |
| Holocene calendar | 9821 |
| Iranian calendar | 801 BP – 800 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 826 BH – 825 BH |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Korean calendar | 2154 |
| Thai solar calendar | 364 |
Events
By place
Greece
- After three years of intriguing against his younger brother Demetrius, including accusing him of coveting the succession to the Macedonian throne and being allied to Rome, Perseus persuades his father King Philip V of Macedon to have Demetrius executed.
Roman Republic
- Rome completes its subjugation of all of Italy with the defeat of the Ligurians in a battle near modern Genoa. Rome deports 40,000 Ligurians to other areas of the Republic.
- Lucca becomes a Roman colony.
Egypt
- Ptolemy VI Philometor, aged 6, rules as co-regent with his mother, Cleopatra I, who, although a daughter of a Seleucid king, does not take King Seleucus IV's side and remains on friendly terms with Rome.
- Following the death of Aristophanes of Byzantium, Aristarchus of Samothrace becomes librarian at Alexandria.
Bactria
- Demetrius I starts his invasion of north-western India, following the earlier destruction of the Mauryan dynasty by general Pusyamitra Sunga.
- Apollodotus I, a general with Demetrius I of Bactria, becomes king of the western and southern parts of the Indo-Greek kingdom, from Taxila in Punjab to the areas of Sindh and possibly Gujarat. He maintains his allegiance to Demetrius I.
China
- Emperor Wen of the Han dynasty ascends to the Chinese throne after quelling the clans of Empress Dowager Lü.
Births
- Apollodorus of Athens, Greek scholar and grammarian (d. c. 120 BC)
- Viriathus, Lusitanian chieftain and general (d. 139 BC)
Deaths
- Lucius Valerius Flaccus, Roman statesman, consul in 195 BC, censor in 183 BC and colleague of Cato the Elder
- Aristophanes of Byzantium, Greek scholar, critic and grammarian, particularly renowned for his work in Homeric scholarship, but also for work on other classical authors such as Pindar and Hesiod. After early studies under leading scholars in Alexandria, he has been chief librarian since about 195 BC (b. 257 BC)
- Empress Dowager Lü, de facto ruler of the Chinese Han dynasty and wife of Emperor Gao
- Liu Hong, fourth emperor of the Chinese Han Dynasty
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