1857 in the United Kingdom
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1857 in the United Kingdom
 1857 in the United Kingdom: |
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Events from the year 1857 in the United Kingdom. This is a General Election year.
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Contents
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Incumbents
- Monarch — Queen Victoria
- Prime Minister — The Viscount Palmerston (Liberal)
Events
- 7 January — London General Omnibus Company begins operating.[1]
- 3 March — France and the United Kingdom formally declare war on China in the Second Opium War.
- 5 March — In London, ex-solicitor James Townsend Saward receives a sentence of penal transportation for forging cheques.
- April — A General election secures Palmerston's Whigs a clear majority.[2]
- 4 April — End of the Anglo-Persian War.
- 5 May–17 October — The Art Treasures of Great Britain exhibition is held in Manchester, one of the largest such displays of all time.[3]
- 10 May — Indian Rebellion: In India, the Mutiny of XI Native Cavalry of the Bengal Army in Meerut, revolt against the British East India Company.[1]
- 11 May — Indian combatants capture Delhi from the East India Company.
- 18 May — British Museum Reading Room opens.[2]
- 22 June — The South Kensington Museum, predecessor of the Victoria and Albert Museum, is opened by Queen Victoria in London;[4] it is the world’s first museum to incorporate a refreshment room.[5]
- 26 June — At a ceremony in Hyde Park, London, Queen Victoria awards the first Victoria Crosses.[1]
- 18 July — Prison hulk HMS Defence catches fire at her moorings off Woolwich, bringing an end to the use of hulks in home waters.[6]
- 28 August — Matrimonial Causes Act makes divorce without parliamentary approval legally possible.[2]
- 20 September — British forces recapture Delhi,[2] compelling the surrender of Bahadur Shah II, the last Mughal emperor.
- 24 October — Sheffield F.C., the world's first football team, is founded in Sheffield.[1]
- 31 December — Queen Victoria chooses Ottawa, Ontario, as the capital of Canada.
Undated
- Tom Gallaher sets up the Gallaher tobacco business in Northern Ireland.[7]
Publications
- R. M. Ballantyne's novel The Coral Island.
- George Borrow's novel The Romany Rye.
- Charlotte Brontë's novel The Professor (posthumously, as by 'Currer Bell').
- Charles Dickens's novel Little Dorrit (complete in book form).
- Elizabeth Gaskell's biography The Life of Charlotte Brontë.
- P. H. Gosse's creationist text Omphalos.
- Thomas Hughes' novel Tom Brown's Schooldays.[2]
- George A. Lawrence's novel Guy Livingstone, or Thorough (anonymously).[8]
- William Makepeace Thackeray's historical novel The Virginians (begins serialisation).
- Anthony Trollope's novel Barchester Towers.[9]
Births
- 25 January — Hugh Lowther, 5th Earl of Lonsdale, sportsman after whom the brand Lonsdale is named (died 1944)
- 12 February — Bobby Peel, cricketer (died 1943)
- 22 February — Robert Baden-Powell, founder of the Scouting movement (died 1941)
- 14 April — Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom, member of the royal family (died 1944)
- 13 May — Ronald Ross, physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (died 1932)
- 15 May — Williamina Fleming, astronomer (died 1911)
- 2 June — Edward Elgar, composer (died 1934)
- 5 November — Joseph Tabrar, songwriter (died 1931)
- 17 November — George Marchant, inventor, manufacturer, and philanthropist (died 1941)
- 22 November — George Gissing, novelist (died 1903)
- 27 November — Charles Scott Sherrington, physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1952)
- 30 November — Bobby Abel, cricketer (died 1936)
Deaths
- 1 January — John Britton, antiquary and topographer (born 1771)
- 2 January — Andrew Ure, doctor and writer (born 1778)
- 10 February — David Thompson, explorer (born 1770)
- 18 February — Francis Egerton, 1st Earl of Ellesmere, politician (born 1800)
- 13 March — William Amherst, 1st Earl Amherst, diplomat and peer (born 1773)
- 16 May — Sir William Lloyd, soldier and mountaineer (born 1782)
- 12 August — William Daniel Conybeare, dean of Llandaff (born 1787)
- 16 August — John Jones, Talysarn, leading non-conformist minister (born 1796)
- 29 November — Henry Havelock, general (born 1795)
- 15 December — Sir George Cayley, aviation pioneer (born 1773)
- 17 December — Francis Beaufort, naval officer and hydrographer (born 1774)
References
- ^ a b c d Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
- ^ a b c d e Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 277–278. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ Exhibition of art treasures of the United Kingdom, held at Manchester in 1857: report of the Executive Committee. 1859. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=odcHAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_navlinks_s#v=onepage&q=&f=false. Retrieved 20 September 2010.
- ^ Sheppard, F.H.W., ed. (1975). Survey of London XXXVIII: The Museums Area of South Kensington and Westminster. p. 99.
- ^ Physick, John (1982). The Victoria and Albert Museum: the History of its Building. Oxford: Phaidon. p. 30.
- ^ Gossett, William Patrick (1986). The lost ships of the Royal Navy, 1793-1900. Mansell. p. 114. ISBN 0-7201-1816-6.
- ^ Top 100 Companies
- ^ Leavis, Q.D. (1965). Fiction and the Reading Public (2nd ed.). London: Chatto & Windus.
- ^ "Icons, a portrait of England 1840–1860". Archived from the original on 17 August 2007. http://www.icons.org.uk/theicons/icons-timeline/1840-1860. Retrieved 2007-09-13.
See also
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