1877 in science
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1877 in science
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The year 1877 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
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Contents
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Events
- June 19 - Eadweard Muybridge successfully produces a fast-motion sequence of photographs showing a horse in movement, Sallie Gardner at a Gallop, using multiple cameras at Palo Alto, California, demonstrating that a running horse has all four legs lifted off the ground at once. The sequence could be run on a Zoopraxiscope.[1]
History of science
- Dr. August Eisenlohr publishes the first translation and study of the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus.[2]
- American railroad lawyer and ethnologist Lewis H. Morgan publishes Ancient Society, linking social progress with technological change.
Mathematics
- George Cantor advances the continuum hypothesis.
Medicine
- October 2 - Berlin urologist Maximilian Nitze and Viennese instrument-maker Josef Leiter introduce the first practical cystourethroscope with an electric light source.[3]
- William Macewen at the Glasgow Royal Infirmary develops the first bone grafts, and also performs knee surgery using a special instrument (Macewen's osteotome), for the treatment of rickets
- Patrick Manson studies animal carriers of infectious diseases.
Technology
- November 4 - Opening of Gustave Eiffel's Maria Pia Bridge carrying the railway across the Douro into Porto, Portugal.
Publications
- Zeitschrift für Physiologische Chemie is founded by Felix Hoppe-Seyler.
Awards
Births
- February 7 - G. H. Hardy (died 1947), mathematician.
- April 5 - Walter Sutton (died 1916), geneticist and surgeon.
- September 2 - Frederick Soddy (died 1956), physical chemist.
- September 11 - James Hopwood Jeans (died 1946), mathematician.
- September 13 - Wilhelm Filchner (died 1957), explorer.
- October 21 - Oswald Theodore Avery (died 1955), bacteriologist.
- October 25 - Henry Norris Russell (died 1957), astronomer.
Deaths
- January 12 - Wilhelm Friedrich Benedikt Hofmeister (born 1824), German botanist.
- February 8 - Charles Wilkes (died 1798), American navigator.
- June 3 - Ludwig von Köchel (born 1800), Austrian musicologist and botanist.
- September 17 - H. Fox Talbot (born 1800), English pioneer of photography.
- September 23 - Urbain Le Verrier (born 1811), French astronomer.
- September 26 - Hermann Günther Grassmann (born 1809), German mathematician.
References
- ^ Clegg, Brian (2007). The Man Who Stopped Time. Washington, DC: Joseph Henry Press. ISBN 978-0-309-10112-7.
- ^ Eisenlohr, August (1877). Ein mathematisches Handbuch der alten Aegypter (Papyrus Rhind des British Museum). Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs. http://www.archive.org/stream/einmathematische00eise#page/n7/mode/2up. Retrieved 2011-10-13.
- ^ Mouton, Wolfgang G.; Bessell, Justin R.; Maddern, Guy J. (1998). "Looking Back to the Advent of Modern Endoscopy: 150th Birthday of Maximilian Nitze". World Journal of Surgery 22 (12): 1256–8. doi:10.1007/s002689900555. PMID 9841754. http://www.springerlink.com/content/thmlethukdh1ett8/fulltext.pdf. Retrieved 2011-10-17.
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