1937 in science
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1937 in science
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The year 1937 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
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Contents
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Astronomy
- June 8 - First total solar eclipse to exceed 7 minutes of totality in over 800 years; visible in the Pacific and Peru.
Biology
- Jay Laurence Lush publishes the influential textbook Animal Breeding Plans in the United States.[1]
Chemistry
- Carlo Perrier and Emilio Segrè at the University of Palermo confirm discovery of the chemical element which will become known as Technetium.[2][3][4]
Computer science
- Claude Shannon's Master's thesis at MIT demonstrates that electronic application of Boolean algebra could construct and resolve any logical numerical relationship.[5]
- Konrad Zuse submits patents in Germany based on his Z1 computer design anticipating von Neumann architecture.
Mathematics
- Bruno de Finetti publishes "La Prévision: ses lois logiques, ses sources subjectives" in Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincaré, his most influential treatment of his theorem on exchangeable sequences of random variables.[6]
- Hans Freudenthal proves the Freudenthal suspension theorem in homotopy.[7]
Medicine
- Italian psychiatrist Amarro Fiamberti is the first to document a transorbital approach to the brain, which becomes the basis for the controversial medical procedure of transorbital lobotomy.
- Publication in the United Kingdom of Dr A. J. Cronin's novel The Citadel, promoting the cause of socialised medicine.[8]
Physics
- Eugene Wigner introduces the term isospin.[9]
Technology
- Alec Reeves invents pulse-code modulation.
Awards
Births
- July 19 - Bibb Latané, American social psychologist.
Deaths
- January 28 - Arthur Pollen (born 1866), English inventor.
- May 28 - Alfred Adler (born 1870), Austrian psychotherapist.
- June 11 - R. J. Mitchell (born 1895), English aeronautical engineer.
- July 20 - Guglielmo Marconi (born 1874), Italian inventor.
- October 16 - William Sealy Gosset (born 1876), English statistician.
- November 23 - Jagadish Chandra Bose (born 1858), Bengali physicist.
References
- ^ Chapman, Arthur B. (1987). "Jay Laurence Lush". Biographical Memoirs (United States: National Academy of Sciences) 57: 279. http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=1000&page=279. Retrieved 2012-01-04.
- ^ Heiserman, D. L. (1992). "Element 43: Technetium". Exploring Chemical Elements and their Compounds. New York: TAB Books. p. 164. ISBN 0-8306-3018-X.
- ^ Emsley, John (2001). Nature's Building Blocks: an A-Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford University Press. p. 424. ISBN 0-19-850340-7. http://books.google.com/?id=Yhi5X7OwuGkC&pg=PA423.
- ^ Perrier, C.; Segrè, E. (1947). "Technetium: the Element of Atomic Number 43". Nature 159 (4027): 24. doi:10.1038/159024a0. PMID 20279068. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v159/n4027/pdf/159024a0.pdf.
- ^ Poundstone, William (2005). "Fortune's Formula: the Untold Story of the Scientific Betting System That Beat the Casinos and Wall Street". New York: Hill & Wang. ISBN 0-8090-4637-7.
- ^ Crilly, Tony (2007). 50 Mathematical Ideas you really need to know. London: Quercus. p. 128. ISBN 978-1-84724-008-8.
- ^ Whitehead, George W. (1953). "On the Freudenthal Theorems". Annals of Mathematics 57 (2): 209–228. doi:10.2307/1969855. JSTOR 1969855. MR 0055683.
- ^ "An expectant public". 60 years of NHS Scotland. 2008. http://www.60yearsofnhsscotland.co.uk/history/birth-of-nhs-scotland/an-expectant-public.html. Retrieved 2011-04-21.
- ^ Wigner, E. (1937). "On the Consequences of the Symmetry of the Nuclear Hamiltonian on the Spectroscopy of Nuclei". Physical Review 51 (2): 106–119. Bibcode 1937PhRv...51..106W. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.51.106.
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