1970 in science

The year 1970 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

Astronomy and space exploration

• February 11 - Japan becomes the fourth country to launch a satellite into orbit.
• March 31 - Explorer I reentry (after 12 years in orbit)
• April 11 - Apollo 13 ill-fated space mission launched
• April 17 - Apollo 13 returns safely to earth
• August 17 - Venera program: Venera 7 is launched. It will later becomes the first spacecraft to successfully transmit data from another planet.
• November 17 - Luna program: The Soviet Union lands Lunokhod 1 on Mare Imbrium (Sea of Rains) on the Moon. This is the first roving remote-controlled robot to land on another world and was released by the orbiting Luna 17 spacecraft.

Computer science

• January 1 - Unix epoch at 00:00:00 UTC.

Mathematics

• Conway's Game of Life cellular automaton devised by John Horton Conway.^[1]
• Mathematician Kurt Gödel allows circulation of his ontological proof of the existence of God.^[2]

Physics

• Prediction of the GIM mechanism, requiring the existence of a charm quark, by Sheldon Glashow, John Iliopoulos and Luciano Maiani.^[3]

Psychology

• Henri Tajfel develops his minimal group paradigm, a constituent of social identity theory.
• Studies in Animal and Human Behavior, Volume I is published by Konrad Lorenz.

Awards

• Fields Prize in Mathematics: Alan Baker, Heisuke Hironaka, Sergei Novikov and John Griggs Thompson
• Nobel Prizes
  • Physics - Hannes Alfvén, Louis Néel
  • Chemistry - Luis F. Leloir
  • Medicine - Bernard Katz, Ulf von Euler, Julius Axelrod
• Turing Award - James H. Wilkinson

Births

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Deaths

• January 5 - Max Born (b. 1882), physicist and recipient of the Nobel Prize in physics in 1954.
• August 1 - Otto Heinrich Warburg (b. 1883), German physiologist and winner of the 1931 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

References