1987 Pan American Games

X Pan American Games
Host city	Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
Nations participating	38
Athletes participating	4,360
Events	387 sessions in 30 sports
Opening ceremony	8 August
Closing ceremony	23 August
Officially opened by	George H. W. Bush
Pan American Torch	Wilma Rudolph
Main Stadium	Indianapolis Motor Speedway

The 1987 Pan American Games, officilly known as the X Pan American Games, was a major international multi-sport event which was celebrated in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, from 7 August to 23 August 1987. Over 4,300 athletes from 38 countries in the Americas competed in 30 sports earning 1,015 medals. Events were held at 23 venues in and around Indianapolis. The official mascot for the games was Amigo, a green parrot.

Host city election and organization

Santiago, Chile, was originally named the host of the 10th Pan American Games, but it withdrew in 1984 due to the political and financial problems. Quito, Ecuador, was named to replace Santiago, but it also withdrew, in late 1984. Desperate, PASO held a new election. Indianapolis was planning to bid on the 1991 Games, but, at the request of the United States Olympic Committee, submitted a bid for 1987. Since many sports facilities were already in place, PASO announced on December 18, 1984 that Indianapolis would be the host.^[1] Havana, Cuba, was also interested, but PASO appeased Fidel Castro by agreeing to give Havana the 1991 games provided that Cuba participated at Indianapolis.

The city created an organizing committee called Pan American Ten/Indianapolis (PAX/I). It had eighteen operating divisions, 300 paid staff, and 37,000 volunteers.^[1]

Venues

The 1987 Pan Am Games were held at 23 sites total. The athletes village, which provided lodging and dining for the athletes, was located at Fort Benjamin Harrison.^[1]

• Brown County State Park - biking
• Bush Stadium - baseball
• Eagle Creek Park - archery, canoeing, rowing^[1]
• Circle Theatre - weightlifting
• Hinkle Fieldhouse - volleyball
• Hoosier Dome - closing ceremonies, gymnastics, handball
• Indiana Convention Center - boxing
• Indiana University Natatorium - diving, swimming, synchronized swimming
• IU Indianapolis Track and Soccer Stadium - athletics
• Indianapolis Motor Speedway - opening ceremonies, speed roller skating
• Indianapolis Tennis Center - tennis
• Kuntz Memorial Soccer Stadium - soccer^[1]
• Lake Michigan - yachting
• Major Taylor Velodrome - cycling
• Market Square Arena - basketball

Ceremonies

The Opening ceremony was held on the main straightaway of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway. About 80,000 spectators watched a performance produced by The Walt Disney Company with 6,500 performers in the largest outdoor live entertainment show held in the United States up to that point.^[2] It was also the largest Opening Ceremony of the Pan Am games yet. Dignitaries included IOC President Juan Antonio Samaranch, Indianapolis Mayor William H. Hudnut III, Indiana Governor Robert D. Orr, and PASO President Mario Vazquez Raña. Vice President George Bush officially opened the games.

Flag bearers in the Parade of Nations included the games' oldest athlete, 70-year-old yachtsman Durwood Knowles of the Bahamas, basketball star José Ortiz of Puerto Rico, and baseball pitcher Jim Abbott of the United States.^[2]

The final leg of the torch relay had the flame passed from Oscar Robertson to Kristie Phillips to Wilma Rudolph who lit the cauldron.^[2]

The closing ceremony took place in the Hoosier Dome. The headline act was Cuban American singer Gloria Estefan and her band Miami Sound Machine.^[2]

Symbols

The logo of the 1987 Pan Am Games consisted of five stylized Xs, the Roman numeral for ten. The mascot was Amigo, a green parrot. The official music of the X Pan American Games was Pan American Fanfare by Lalo Schifrin.

Television

The rights for the 1987 games were won by CBS with a bid of $4,000,000, and Brent Musburger hosted. CBS aired 26 hours of coverage, all on weekend afternoons, including live coverage of the Opening Ceremony from the Indianapolis Motor Speedway. Additionally, CBS provided the world feed. The ratings were boosted by the participation of Cuban athletes on U.S. soil, providing a USA-Cuba showdown in many events.

Participating nations

38 nations participated in the tenth Pan American Games. Four countries played for the first time in 1987: Aruba, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, and Grenada.^[2]

Medal table

Host country in bold.

Pos	Country	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	United States	168	118	83	369
2	Cuba	75	52	48	175
3	Canada	30	57	75	162
4	Brazil	14	14	33	61
5	Argentina	12	14	22	48
6	Mexico	9	11	18	38
7	Venezuela	3	11	12	26
8	Colombia	3	8	13	24
9	Puerto Rico	3	6	20	29
10	Costa Rica	3	4	4	11
11	Jamaica	2	3	8	13
12	Uruguay	2	2	3	7
13	Chile	1	2	4	7
14	Suriname	1	0	1	2
15	Peru	0	4	2	6
16	Dominican Republic	0	3	9	12
17	Panama	0	3	1	4
18	Bahamas	0	2	3	5
19	Ecuador	0	1	5	6
20=	US Virgin Islands	0	1	1	2
20=	Trinidad & Tobago	0	1	1	2
22	Guatemala	0	0	2	2
23=	Bermuda	0	0	1	1
23=	El Salvador	0	0	1	1
23=	Guyana	0	0	1	1
23=	Paraguay	0	0	1	1

Gymnast Scott Johnson (USA) and swimmer Silvia Poll (CRC) won the most medals at the games with eight each. Roller skater Jose Luis Lozano (ARG) won the most gold medals with five.^[2]

Sports

• Thirty sports were contested at the tenth Pan American Games for a total of 321 events. Five were contested for the first time in 1987, including handball.

Finance

The Pan Am Games brought about $175 million to Indianapolis's economy.^[3] Hosting the Games cost about $30 million.^[1] Indianapolis was the first Pan American Games host city to break even financially.^[4]

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f} Bodenhamer 1074
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f} The Games of August: Official Commemorative Book. Indianapolis: Showmasters. 1987. ISBN 9780961967604. 
3. ^ Price, Nelson (2004). Indianapolis Then & Now. San Diego, California: Thunder Bay Press. pp. 77. ISBN 1-59223-208-6. 
4. ^ Bodenhamer 1495

Bodenhamer, David J. (1994). The Encyclopedia of Indianapolis. Indiana University Press. ISBN 9780253312228. http://books.google.com/books?id=bg13QcMSsq8C. Retrieved on 2008-12-29.