2. Fußball-Bundesliga
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2. Fußball-Bundesliga
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| Countries |  Germany |
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| Confederation | UEFA |
| Founded | 1974 |
| Number of teams | 18 |
| Levels on pyramid | 2 |
| Promotion to | Bundesliga |
| Relegation to | 3. Liga |
| Domestic cup(s) | DFB-Pokal |
| Current champions | SpVgg Greuther Fürth (2011–12) |
| Most championships | 1. FC Nuremberg (4 titles) |
| Website | www.bundesliga.de/en/liga2 |
 2011–12 2. Fußball-Bundesliga |
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The 2nd Bundesliga is the Second Division of professional football in Germany. It is below the Bundesliga in the German football league system.
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Contents
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History
For more details on this topic, see History of German football.
Nineteen seventy-four marked the introduction of the second tier of the Bundesliga. Forty clubs, divided into two leagues (North and South), competed for promotion into the Bundesliga. Nineteen eighty-one saw the introduction of a single 2nd Bundesliga of 20 teams. In the 1991–1992 season, the former East German clubs participated as well. This was managed by returning to a two-tier system (with 12 teams in each league). Nineteen ninety-two to ninety-three was a momentous season, with 24 teams competing in a single league. Since 1994–95, there have been 18 teams in the second division. The most successful team was SC Fortuna Köln (1,376 points from a possible 2,910).
Members of the 2. Bundesliga (2011–12 season)
For details on the 2. Bundesliga 2010–11 season, see here.
Location of teams in the 2011–12 2. Bundesliga
| Team | Location | Stadium | Stadium capacity[1] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alemannia Aachen | Aachen | New Tivoli | 32,960 |
| VfL Bochum | Bochum | rewirPower-Stadion | 29,448 |
| Dynamo Dresden | Dresden | Glücksgas-Stadion | 32,066 |
| Eintracht Braunschweig | Braunschweig | Eintracht-Stadion | 24,000 |
| Eintracht Frankfurt | Frankfurt am Main | Commerzbank-Arena | 51,500 |
| Energie Cottbus | Cottbus | Stadion der Freundschaft | 22,528 |
| FC Erzgebirge Aue | Aue | Sparkassen-Erzgebirgsstadion | 15,700 |
| Fortuna Düsseldorf | Düsseldorf | Esprit Arena | 54,400 |
| FSV Frankfurt | Frankfurt am Main | Frankfurter Volksbank Stadion | 10,826 |
| SpVgg Greuther Fürth | Fürth | Trolli Arena | 15,000 |
| Hansa Rostock | Rostock | DKB-Arena | 29,000 |
| FC Ingolstadt 04 | Ingolstadt | Audi Sportpark | 15,445 |
| Karlsruher SC | Karlsruhe | Wildparkstadion | 29,699 |
| MSV Duisburg | Duisburg | Schauinsland-Reisen-Arena | 31,500 |
| 1860 Munich | Munich | Allianz Arena | 69,000 |
| SC Paderborn 07 | Paderborn | Energieteam Arena | 15,000 |
| FC St. Pauli | Hamburg | Millerntor-Stadion | 24,487 |
| Union Berlin | Berlin | Alte Försterei | 18,432 |
Division set-up
Changes in division set-up
- Number of clubs: currently 18. From 1974 to 1981 there were two conferences, each of 20 teams. In 1981–91 it had 20. The 1991–92 season was played in two groups of 12 teams each; 1992–93 again in one group with 24 teams, 1993–94 with 20 teams.
- Teams promoted to the higher league: 3; 1981–91 there was a relegation round, in 1991–92 there was 1 promotion per group.
- Number of relegations into the regional league (until 1994: Upper league): 4; 1991–92: 2–3 per group (inclusive relegation); 1992–93: 7.
Promotion and relegation
- Prior to the 2008-9 season, the top three teams gained promotion into the Bundesliga; after this, and to the present, only the top two teams are promoted automatically, and the third placed team plays a two-leg playoff against the team that finishes 16th in the Bundesliga.
- Until the 2007-8 season, the bottom four teams were relegated into the Regional leagues. Since the 2008-9, following the inception of the 3rd Liga, only the bottom two teams are relegated into the 3rd Liga automatically; the third from bottom team can avoid relegation by winning a two-leg playoff against the team that finishes in 3rd place in the 3rd Liga.
League rules
Since the 2006-07 season there is no limit on non-EU players in the league anymore. Instead clubs are required to have 8 players on the squad who have come up through the youth system of a German club, 4 of which have to come from the club's own youth system.[2] Seven substitutes are permitted to be selected, from which three can be used in the duration of the game.
Champions since 1975
Second Bundesliga
| Season | Champion | Runner Up | Third Place |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1981–82 | Schalke 04 | Hertha BSC | Kickers Offenbach |
| 1982–83 | Mannheim | Kickers Offenbach | Uerdingen |
| 1983–84 | Karlsruhe | Schalke 04 | Duisburg |
| 1984–85 | Nuremberg | Hannover 96 | Saarbrücken |
| 1985–86 | Homburg | BW Berlin | SC Fortuna Köln |
| 1986–87 | Hannover 96 | Karlsruhe | St. Pauli |
| 1987–88 | Stuttgarter Kickers | St. Pauli | Darmstadt |
| 1988–89 | Fortuna Düsseldorf | Homburg | Saarbrücken |
| 1989–90 | Hertha BSC | Wattenscheid | Saarbrücken |
| 1990–91 | Schalke 04 | Duisburg | Stuttgarter Kickers |
Second Bundesliga North
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Second Bundesliga South
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Second Bundesliga
| Season | Champion | Runner Up | Third Place |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1992–93 | Freiburg | Duisburg | VfB Leipzig |
| 1993–94 | Bochum | Uerdingen | 1860 München |
| 1994–95 | Rostock | St. Pauli | Düsseldorf |
| 1995–96 | Bochum | Bielefeld | Duisburg |
| 1996–97 | Kaiserslautern | Wolfsburg | Hertha BSC |
| 1997–98 | Eintracht Frankfurt | SC Freiburg | Nuremberg |
| 1998–99 | Bielefeld | Unterhaching | Ulm |
| 1999-00 | 1. FC Köln | Bochum | Cottbus |
| 2000–01 | Nuremberg | Gladbach | St. Pauli |
| 2001–02 | Hannover | Bielefeld | Bochum |
| 2002–03 | SC Freiburg | 1. FC Köln | Eintracht Frankfurt |
| 2003–04 | Nuremberg | Bielefeld | Mainz |
| 2004–05 | 1. FC Köln | Duisburg | Eintracht Frankfurt |
| 2005–06 | Bochum | Aachen | Cottbus |
| 2006–07 | Karlsruhe | Rostock | Duisburg |
| 2007–08 | Gladbach | Hoffenheim | 1. FC Köln |
| 2008–09 | Freiburg | Mainz | 1. FC Nuremberg |
| 2009–10 | Kaiserslautern | St. Pauli | Augsburg |
| 2010–11 | Hertha BSC | Augsburg | Bochum |
| 2011–12 | Greuther Fürth | Eintracht Frankfurt | Düsseldorf |
From 1974 to 1994, promotions were decided in relegation rounds. Since 1995 there have been four teams promoted from the regional leagues.
Teams promoted to the 2nd Bundesliga since 1992
- 1992: Wuppertaler SV, VfL Wolfsburg, SpVgg Unterhaching
- 1993: 1860 München, Rot-Weiss Essen, Tennis Borussia Berlin
- 1994: Fortuna Düsseldorf, FSV Frankfurt, FSV Zwickau
- 1995: SpVgg Unterhaching, VfB Lübeck, FC Carl Zeiss Jena, Arminia Bielefeld
- 1996: VfB Oldenburg, Rot-Weiss Essen, FC Gütersloh, Stuttgarter Kickers
- 1997: SpVgg Greuther Fürth, Energie Cottbus, SG Wattenscheid 09, 1. FC Nuremberg
- 1998: SSV Ulm 1846, Rot-Weiß Oberhausen, Hannover 96, Tennis Borussia Berlin
- 1999: SV Waldhof Mannheim, Kickers Offenbach, Chemnitzer FC, Alemannia Aachen
- 2000: LR Ahlen, SSV Reutlingen, 1. FC Saarbrücken, VfL Osnabrück
- 2001: SV Babelsberg 03, 1. FC Union Berlin, Karlsruher SC, 1. FC Schweinfurt 05
- 2002: Wacker Burghausen, Eintracht Trier, VfB Lübeck, Eintracht Braunschweig
- 2003: SSV Jahn Regensburg, SpVgg Unterhaching, Erzgebirge Aue, VfL Osnabrück
- 2004: Rot-Weiß Erfurt, 1. FC Saarbrücken, Rot-Weiss Essen, Dynamo Dresden
- 2005: Eintracht Braunschweig, SC Paderborn 07, Kickers Offenbach, Sportfreunde Siegen
- 2006: FC Augsburg, TuS Koblenz, FC Carl Zeiss Jena, Rot-Weiss Essen
- 2007: SV Wehen, TSG 1899 Hoffenheim, FC St. Pauli, VfL Osnabrück
- 2008: FSV Frankfurt, FC Ingolstadt 04, Rot Weiss Ahlen, Rot-Weiß Oberhausen
- 2009: 1. FC Union Berlin, Fortuna Düsseldorf, SC Paderborn 07
- 2010: VfL Osnabrück, FC Erzgebirge Aue, FC Ingolstadt 04
- 2011: Eintracht Braunschweig, Hansa Rostock, Dynamo Dresden
SC Fortuna Köln was the team most consistently in the 2nd Bundesliga. Up to 2000 it spent 26 consecutive years in the 2nd Bundesliga.
Teams relegated to the Regionalliga – Oberliga – 3. Liga since 1990
Teams relegated to the Oberliga (1990–1993)
- 1990: KSV Hessen Kassel, SpVgg Bayreuth, Alemannia Aachen, SpVgg Unterhaching
- 1991: Rot-Weiss Essen, Preußen Münster, TSV Havelse, 1. FC Schweinfurt 05
- 1992 Nord: SpVgg Blau-Weiß 1890 Berlin, BSV Stahl Brandenburg
- 1992 Süd: TSV 1860 München, Hallescher FC, FC Rot-Weiß Erfurt
- 1993: SpVgg Unterhaching, Eintracht Braunschweig, VfL Osnabrück, Fortuna Düsseldorf, VfB Oldenburg, SV Darmstadt 98, FC Remscheid
Teams relegated to the Regionalliga (1994–2007)
- 1994: Stuttgarter Kickers, FC Carl Zeiss Jena, Wuppertaler SV Borussia, Rot-Weiss Essen, Tennis Borussia Berlin
- 1995: 1. FC Saarbrücken, FC Homburg, FSV Frankfurt
- 1996: Chemnitzer FC, Hannover 96, 1. FC Nuremberg, SG Wattenscheid 09
- 1997: SV Waldhof Mannheim, VfB Lübeck, Rot-Weiss Essen, VfB Oldenburg
- 1998: VfB Leipzig, FC Carl Zeiss Jena, FSV Zwickau, SV Meppen
- 1999: FC Gütersloh 2000, KFC Uerdingen, SG Wattenscheid 09, Fortuna Düsseldorf
- 2000: Stuttgarter Kickers, SC Fortuna Köln, Kickers Offenbach, Karlsruher SC
- 2001: VfL Osnabrück, SSV Ulm 1846, Stuttgarter Kickers, Chemnitzer FC
- 2002: SpVgg Unterhaching, 1. FC Saarbrücken, 1. FC Schweinfurt 05, SV Babelsberg 03
- 2003: Eintracht Braunschweig, SSV Reutlingen, FC St. Pauli, SV Waldhof Mannheim
- 2004: SSV Jahn Regensburg, VfB Lübeck, 1. FC Union Berlin, VfL Osnabrück
- 2005: Rot-Weiß Oberhausen, Eintracht Trier, FC Rot-Weiß Erfurt, Rot-Weiss Essen
- 2006: Sportfreunde Siegen, LR Ahlen, 1. FC Saarbrücken, Dynamo Dresden
- 2007: Eintracht Braunschweig, Wacker Burghausen, SpVgg Unterhaching, Rot-Weiss Essen
Teams relegated to the 3. Liga (since 2008)
- 2008: Kickers Offenbach, Erzgebirge Aue, SC Paderborn, FC Carl Zeiss Jena
- 2009: FC Ingolstadt, SV Wehen Wiesbaden, VfL Osnabrück
- 2010: FC Hansa Rostock, TuS Koblenz, Rot-Weiss Ahlen
- 2011: Rot-Weiß Oberhausen, Arminia Bielefeld, VfL Osnabrück
Player records
| Most appearances[3] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Player | Clubs | Apps | |||
| 1 | Willi Landgraf | Alemannia Aachen (188), Rot-Weiss Essen (119), FC 08 Homburg (107), FC Gütersloh (94) | 508 | ||
| 2 | Joaquin Montanes | Alemannia Aachen | 479 | ||
| 3 | Karl-Heinz Schulz | SC Freiburg (287), Freiburger FC (176) | 463 | ||
| 4 | Hans Wulf | KSV Hessen Kassel (231), Schwarz-Weiß Essen (118), Wormatia Worms (59), Hannover 96 (32) | 440 | ||
| 5 | Wolfgang Krüger | Union Solingen | 428 | ||
| 6 | Hans-Jürgen Gede | Fortuna Köln (344), Preußen Münster (72) | 416 | ||
| 7 | Andreas Helmer | SV Meppen (244), VfL Osnabrück (167) | 411 | ||
| 8 | Gerd Paulus | Kickers Offenbach (304), Röchling Völklingen (103) | 407 | ||
| 9 | Oliver Posniak | SV Darmstadt 98 (290), FSV Frankfurt (113) | 403 | ||
| 10 | Dirk Hupe | Fortuna Köln (212), Union Solingen (187) | 399 | ||
Most goals[4] |
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| Player | Clubs | Goals | |||
| 1 | Dieter Schatzschneider | Hannover 96 (132), SC Fortuna Köln (22) | 153 | ||
| 2 | Karl-Heinz Mödrath | Fortuna Köln (143), Alemannia Aachen (7) | 150 | ||
| 3 | Theo Gries | Hertha BSC (67), Alemannia Aachen (47), Hannover 96 (8) | 123 | ||
| 4 | Sven Demandt | 1. FSV Mainz 05 (55), Fortuna Düsseldorf (49), Hertha BSC (17) | 121 | ||
| 5 | Walter Krause | Kickers Offenbach (97), SG Wattenscheid 09 (13), Rot-Weiß Oberhausen (9) | 119 | ||
| 6 | Daniel Jurgeleit | Union Solingen (59), FC 08 Homburg (34), VfB Lübeck (24) | 117 | ||
| 7 | Gerd-Volker Schock | VfL Osnabrück (95), Arminia Bielefeld (21) | 116 | ||
| 8 | Franz Gerber | FC St. Pauli (42), ESV Ingolstadt (23), TSV 1860 München (19), Wuppertaler SV (19), Hannover 96 (12) | 115 | ||
| Paul Linz | VfL Osnabrück (52), Freiburger FC (36), SV Waldhof Mannheim (16), OSC Bremerhaven (11) | 115 | |||
| 10 | Peter Cestonaro | SV Darmstadt 98 (68), KSV Hessen Kassel (43) | 111 | ||
See also
- Bundesliga
- Promotion to the Fußball-Bundesliga
- 3rd Liga
- Regionalliga
- Oberliga
- Women's Bundesliga
- German football league teams
- Promotion to the 2nd Bundesliga (Football)
- 2nd Bundesliga Süd
- 2nd Bundesliga Nord
References
- ^ Smentek, Klaus; et al (18 July 2011). "kicker Bundesliga Sonderheft 2011/12" (in German). kicker Sportmagazin (Nuremberg: Olympia Verlag). ISSN 0948-7964.
- ^ "Questions about the league". bundesliga.de. http://www.bundesliga.de/en/dfl/fragen/index.php. Retrieved 2 May 2012.
- ^ kicker Sonderheft Bundesliga 07/08, S. 206
- ^ kicker Sonderheft Bundesliga 07/08, S. 207
External links
- (German) Deutscher Fußball-Bund (DFB)
- (German) Kicker.de
- (German) Bundesliga archive
- (German) (English) Live Football Results with live league tables at Ergebnisse.de
- (German) Archive material
- (German) Information on the 1992–93 season
- (English) Current Standings on ESPN
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