2007 Pacific hurricane season

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2007 Pacific hurricane season

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2007 Pacific hurricane season
Season summary map
First storm formed May 26, 2007
Last storm dissipated October 23, 2007
Strongest storm Flossie – 940 mbar (hPa) (27.77 inHg), 140 mph (220 km/h) (1-minute sustained)
Total depressions 15
Total storms 11
Hurricanes 4
Major hurricanes (Cat. 3+) 1
Total fatalities 39 total
Total damage $80 million (2007 USD)
Pacific hurricane seasons
2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009

The 2007 Pacific hurricane season was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. It officially started on May 15, 2007 in the eastern Pacific, designated as the area east of 140°W, and on June 1, 2007 in the central Pacific, which is between the International Date Line and 140°W, and lasted until November 30, 2007. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Pacific basin.

The season began slowly; through the end of July, the seasonal ACE was the third lowest since the geostationary satellite era began in 1966.[1] The inactivity continued through the next month, which was the third quietest August in terms of ACE since reliable records began in the basin in 1971.[2] Tropical Storm Barbara in June caused $55 million (2007 USD) in crop damage in southeastern Mexico from heavy precipitation. In August, Hurricane Flossie formed in the Eastern Pacific and crossed into the Central Pacific, threatening Hawaii but causing little damage. In early September, Hurricane Henriette dropped heavy rainfall in southwest Mexico, which caused nine fatalities and $25 million (2007 USD) in damage.

Contents

Seasonal forecasts

Predictions of tropical activity in the 2007 season
for the Eastern North Pacific
Source Date Named
storms
Hurricanes Major
hurricanes
NOAA Average[3] 15.3 8.8 4.2
NOAA 22 May 2007 12 – 16 6 – 9 2 – 4
Actual activity 11 4 1

On May 22, 2007, NOAA released their forecast for the 2007 Eastern Pacific and Central Pacific hurricane seasons. They predicted a below-normal level of activity in the Eastern Pacific, with 12 to 16 named storms, of which 6 to 9 were expected to become hurricanes, and 2 to 4 expected to become major hurricanes.[4]

The Central Pacific basin was also expected to be below average, with only two to three tropical cyclones expected to form or cross into the area.[5]

Storms

Tropical Storm Alvin

Tropical storm (SSHS)
Duration May 27 – May 31
Intensity 40 mph (65 km/h) (1-min),  1003 mbar (hPa)

A nearly stationary low pressure area developed about 550 miles (890 km) south-southeast of Manzanillo, Mexico on May 24.[6] Upper-level winds favored development, and the system slowly became better organized.[7] By early on May 26, the system had developed a well-defined circulation, though associated convection had become limited.[8] Later that day convection increased significantly over the center, and early on May 27 Tropical Depression One-E formed 345 mi (555 km) south of the tip of Baja California.[9] Located to the east of a ridge and to the west of a trough, the depression tracked slowly westward through an area of weak steering flow.[10]

Due to unfavorable thermodynamics of the environment, the depression failed to immediately strengthen; the convection weakened, leaving the center located well to the northeast of the poorly organized convective areas.[11] Inflow from the south was cut off by another area of disturbed weather to its southeast, and by late on May 27 one forecaster indicated there was inadequate convection to qualify the system as a tropical depression, although advisories continued since it was expected to strengthen again.[12] Convection again re-developed early on May 28,[13] and by later in the day remained vigorous but limited to the southwestern quadrant of the circulation.[14] It consolidated further and strengthened into a tropical storm early on May 29.[15] By later in the day, the convection again diminished, and the center of Alvin became difficult to locate on satellite imagery.[16] Alvin was thus downgraded to a tropical depression after becoming less organised on May 30.[17] On May 31, Alvin lost all deep convection.[18] Tropical Depression Alvin degenerated into a remnant low on June 1.[9]

Tropical Storm Barbara

Tropical storm (SSHS)
Duration May 29 – June 2
Intensity 50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min),  1000 mbar (hPa)

On May 27, an area of disorganized convection extended southwestward from the Gulf of Tehuantepec.[19] On May 28, a small low pressure area developed within the system,[20] and it gradually became better organized as it drifted northward. Banding features developed in the eastern semicircle as the circulation became better defined, and late on May 29 the National Hurricane Center classified the system as Tropical Depression Two-E while it was located about 235 miles (378 km) southeast of Acapulco, Mexico. Upon becoming a tropical cyclone, the depression was stationary in an area with warm sea surface temperatures, very light wind shear, and favorable upper-level conditions.[21]

It became more organised on satellite imagery on May 30, and was upgraded to a tropical storm, marking only the third time that there had been two named storms in May, after 1956 and 1984.[22] It tracked slowly southeastward for the first few days, before losing much of its organisation overnight on May 31, leading to a forecast that Barbara could dissipate later that day.[23] It managed to re-consolidate, however, and regained tropical storm intensity on June 1, when tropical storm watches were put into place. Barbara made landfall near the Mexico-Guatemala border on June 2. Heavy rainfall from the storm caused about $55 million (2007 USD) in crop damage in southeastern Mexico.[24]

Tropical Depression Three-E

Tropical depression (SSHS)
Duration June 11 – June 12
Intensity 35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min),  1004 mbar (hPa)

On the evening of June 9, the National Hurricane Center first mentioned the existence of a large, disorganized area of low pressure, which was located a few hundred miles southwest of Acapulco, with limited shower activity.[25] The associated thunderstorms gained organization overnight, and on June 10 the National Hurricane Center first mentioned the possibility of some slow development of the system.[26] Environmental conditions were favorable for tropical cyclone formation, but the system changed little in organization.[27] The disturbance finally consolidated and became a tropical depression, the third of the season, on June 11, about 465 miles (748 km) south-southwest of Manzanillo, Mexico.[28] However, the depression soon entered an environment of stable air and cooler sea surface temperatures and gradually weakened over the next two days. The National Hurricane Center issued its last advisory early on June 13 after the system lost most of its convection.

Tropical Depression Four-E

Tropical depression (SSHS)
Duration July 9 – July 11
Intensity 35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min),  1006 mbar (hPa)

On July 9, an area of convection developed about 725 miles (1,167 km) south of Manzanillo, Mexico; conditions favored slow development,[29] and it slowly became better organized as it tracked steadily westward.[30] A well-defined low pressure area developed within the system, and at 2100 UTC on July 9 the National Hurricane Center classified it as Tropical Depression Four-E after deep convection was maintained near its low-level circulation. Upon becoming a tropical cyclone, the depression was poorly organized,[31] and by early on July 10 the convection greatly diminished near the ill-defined center of circulation.[32] Later that day, deep convection redeveloped despite detrimental atmospheric and oceanic conditions,[33] though convection again deteriorated later while the winds decreased.[34] After continued weakening the National Hurricane Center issued the final advisory on the system early on July 11.[35]

Tropical Depression Five-E

Tropical depression (SSHS)
Duration July 14 – July 15
Intensity 35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min),  1006 mbar (hPa)

Early on July 11, just as Tropical Depression Four-E had degenerated into a remnant low, an area of disturbed weather formed around 350 miles (560 km) south of Acapulco. The National Hurricane Center noted that there was potential for further development,[36] but conditions were not favorable for development in the short-term, and the disturbance remained poorly consolidated.[37] However, deep convection became more concentrated on July 12,[38] and on July 14 Dvorak technique classifications on the disturbance reached high-end tropical depression to low-end tropical storm strength. Based on this, the National Hurricane Center upgraded it to Tropical Depression Five-E at 1500 UTC.[39] The depression moved west-northwestward and quickly encountered cool sea surface temperatures, increasing wind shear, and outflow from Tropical Storm Cosme. The NHC issued its last advisory late on July 15 after the circulation had become ill-defined and the depression had lost most of its deep convection.[40]

Hurricane Cosme

Category 1 hurricane (SSHS)
Duration July 14 – July 22
Intensity 75 mph (120 km/h) (1-min),  987 mbar (hPa)

Two hours after Tropical Depression Five-E was classified, a disturbed area of weather about halfway between Mexico and the Hawaiian islands acquired a surface circulation and sufficient deep convection for the National Hurricane Center to designate it as a tropical depression.[41] Gradually, the depression became more organized and its circulation became better defined. The National Hurricane Center upgraded the system to Tropical Storm Cosme on July 15 after analysis with the Dvorak technique estimated that the system had tropical storm force winds.[42]

On July 16 it strengthened to become the first hurricane of the season,[43] but shortly after that cooler waters and shearing winds initiated a rapid weakening. However, convection made a comeback and Cosme held on to minimal tropical storm strength for over a day, before finally weakening to a depression as it crossed into the Central Pacific. Cosme continued on a west-northwesterly track, moving closer to the Big Island of Hawaii. It passed about 185 miles (298 km) south of the Big Island on July 21 local time, bringing gusts of 35 to 40 mph (55 to 65 km/h) and heavy rain.[44]

The final advisory was issued on the evening of July 22 local time as the depression started to dissipate.

Tropical Storm Dalila

Tropical storm (SSHS)
Duration July 22 – July 27
Intensity 60 mph (95 km/h) (1-min),  995 mbar (hPa)

An area of disturbed weather was first noticed a few hundred miles south-southwest of the Gulf of Tehuantepec on the morning of July 20. The National Hurricane Center noted the possibility of some slow development of the system over the following 48 hours.[45] 24 hours later, the circulation of the disturbance started to become more consolidated and better defined, leading the NHC to declare the possibility of the formation of a tropical depression.[46] Late on July 21, the National Hurricane Center initiated advisories on Tropical Depression Seven-E.[47]

Convection began to flare on the morning of July 23 despite moderate wind shear, and the depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Dalila, the fourth tropical storm of the season.[48] Under constant vertical shear,[49] Dalila remained a weak tropical storm during the following days. Dalila started to strengthen during the afternoon of July 24 and reached its peak strength as a moderate tropical storm.[50] Over the next three days, Dalila entered water with sea surface temperatures too cool to support tropical cyclone activity and it ultimately weakened into a tropical depression.[51][52] The final advisory was issued during the morning hours of July 27 as Dalila started degenerating into a remnant low.[53]

Tropical Storm Erick

Tropical storm (SSHS)
Duration July 31 – August 2
Intensity 40 mph (65 km/h) (1-min),  1004 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave emerged from the coast of Africa on July 16 and traveled westward across the Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea. By July 25, the system crossed Central America and entered the Eastern Pacific Ocean, where it later spawned a small low pressure area. Though wind shear initially prevented tropical cyclone development, convection eventually consolidated around the center. At 1200 UTC on July 31, the National Hurricane Center designated the system as Tropical Depression Eight-E, while located 1,060 miles (1,700 km) southwest of the southern tip of Baja California.[54] Despite wind shear and dry air,[55] the depression intensified and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Erick early on August 1.[54] At the time of its upgrade, Erick attained its peak intensity with winds of 40 mph (65 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 1004 mbar (hPa; 29.66 inHg).[54]

The storm did not strengthen further[54] as it tracked westward at around 10 mph (17 km/h) under the steering currents of a mid-level ridge located to the north of the system.[56] Later on August 1, the strong shear detached convection from the center, indicating that the storm was deteriorating.[57] Erick weakened back to a tropical depression on August 2, only 24 hours after it had become a tropical storm.[54] The low-level center then became ill-defined,[58] and the depression degenerated back into a tropical wave on August 2, thousands of miles from land.[59] On August 5, the low-level remnants of Erick passed south of Hawaii [60] and dissipated fully three days later.[54]

Hurricane Flossie

Category 4 hurricane (SSHS)
Duration August 8 – August 16
Intensity 140 mph (220 km/h) (1-min),  949 mbar (hPa)

An area of disturbed weather formed about 600 miles (970 km) south-southeast of Acapulco on August 2. Shower and thunderstorm activity increased in association with a small low pressure area on August 5,[61] and after continued organization, the National Hurricane Center remarked the system could develop into a tropical depression by early the next day.[62] Subsequent to another reduction in convection, thunderstorm activity again increased.[63] Despite marginal upper-level conditions, the system acquired a sufficient amount of organized deep convection for it to be classified Tropical Depression Nine-E late on August 8 while located about 1,260 miles (2,030 km) west-southwest of the southern tip of Baja California.

Upon first being classified, the depression maintained two ragged hooking bands; situated to the south of a mid-level ridge, it tracked steadily westward.[64] Later that day the depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Flossie.[65] The storm began to develop an eye late on August 9 with good cirrus outflow in all quadrants.[66] On August 10 the eye became much better defined as the storm strengthened and was upgraded to a hurricane.[67][68] Hurricane Flossie underwent rapid intensification overnight and became a major hurricane on the morning of August 11[69] shortly before crossing into the Central Pacific.

In the Central Pacific, the storm continued to track westwards, moving closer to the Hawaiian islands.[70][71] On the afternoon of August 11 Flossie's wind speeds reached an initial peak of 140 mph (220 km/h),[72] but heading into August 12 increasing vertical shear began restricting outflow and the storm weakened slightly.[73] By that night outflow had been restored and the storm did not lose intensity as predicted,[74] and the CPHC issued a hurricane watch the next morning for the Big Island.

However, as the storm moved closer to the Big Island on August 13, the shear began to take a toll on the storm, and it weakened to a low-end Category 3 hurricane by late in the day local time, with further weakening expected before it approached the Big Island.[75] Late on August 14 it was downgraded to a tropical storm as it veered to the south of the Big Island,[76] and on August 16 it degenerated to a tropical depression.[77]

Tropical Storm Gil

Tropical storm (SSHS)
Duration August 29 – September 2
Intensity 45 mph (75 km/h) (1-min),  1001 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave emerged into the Atlantic off the west coast of Senegal on August 16. The system became less distinct on August 21, after it interacted with a large upper-level trough over the eastern Caribbean Sea. By August 27, the tropical wave emerged into the Pacific Ocean, where it began to develop convection. It is estimated that Tropical Depression Ten-E developed at 1200 UTC on August 29, while centered about 276 miles (444 km) south-southeast of the southern tip of Baja California. Initially, the depression quickly intensified, and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Gil six hours after becoming a depression.[78] Early on August 30, the National Hurricane Center noted it was difficult to locate the center of circulation, which indicates a weak and poorly organized tropical cyclone. Due to moderate wind shear and a stable air mass, the intensity forecast predicted minimal intensification.[79]

Later on August 30, Gil attained its peak intensity with winds of 45 mph (75 km/h) and a minimum pressure of 1,001 mbar (29.6 inHg).[78] Shortly after peak intensity, the National Hurricane Center held Gil at minimal tropical storm status, though noted that the storm may have began weakening.[80] Eventually, the storm began to succumb to wind shear and decreasing sea surface temperatures. Early on September 1, Gil was downgraded to a tropical depression.[78] Though a brief flare in convection occurred early on September 2,[81] Gil continued to weaken, and degenerated into a remnant low at 1800 UTC on that day.[78] Heavy rainfall was reported throughout the state of Sinaloa. In the town of Culiacán, Sinaloa, 26 neighborhoods of the town were flooded by up to 4.9 ft (1.5 m) of water. One fatality was reported on August 29, when a 14-year-old boy was swept away by a flood-swollen river in the same city.[82]

Hurricane Henriette

Category 1 hurricane (SSHS)
Duration August 30 – September 6
Intensity 85 mph (140 km/h) (1-min),  972 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave emerged off the west coast of Africa on August 20, 2007 and tracked westward across the Atlantic Basin. Eventually, the system entered the Pacific Ocean and developed into Tropical Depression Eleven-E at 0600 UTC on August 30.[83] However, the system was not operationally designated as a tropical depression until 2100 UTC on that day.[84] Initially, the depression tracked west-northwestward around a subtropical ridge which was centered over the western Gulf of Mexico. By 1200 UTC on August 31, the depression strengthened into a tropical storm and was given the name Henriette. Although the storm remained offshore, heavy rainfall occurred as Henriette approached. On the following day, Henriette moved further out to sea and slowly curved north-northwestward. In the process, the storm slowly intensified, and was upgraded to a hurricane early on September 4. Shortly thereafter, Henriette attained its peak intensity with winds of 85 mph (140 km/h) and a minimum pressure of 972 mbar (28.7 inHg).[83]

Although the National Hurricane Center noted that landfall would not occur until September 6,[85] Henriette moved ashore near San José del Cabo, Baja California Sur with winds of 80 mph (130 km/h) late on September 4. Early on the following day, the hurricane emerged into the Gulf of California, though it did not restrengthen. As Henriette was making its second and final landfall near Guaymas, Sonora on September 6, it weakened to a tropical storm. The storm rapidly deteriorated while moving inland, and dissipated about 12 hours after moving inland.[83] Henriette dropped heavy rainfall as it paralleled offshore and as it moved inland. The most affected city was Acapulco, Guerrero, where six people were killed by landslides. In addition, over 100 families evacuated the city after the La Sabana River flooded. Losses were also significant in the state of Sonora, where more than 500 dwellings were destroyed and at least 5,000 others were damaged. 24,000 people in Sonora alone were left homeless. Overall, the storm caused nine fatalities and $275 million (2007 MXN; $25 million 2007 USD) in damage.

Hurricane Ivo

Category 1 hurricane (SSHS)
Duration September 18 – September 23
Intensity 80 mph (130 km/h) (1-min),  984 mbar (hPa)

On September 18, Tropical Depression Twelve-E formed about 670 miles south-southeast of the southern tip of Baja California. Later the same day it was upgraded to Tropical Storm Ivo, and it reached hurricane strength the next day. It weakened as it curved towards the southern Baja California Peninsula, causing a tropical storm watch that was issued for part of the southern tip on September 22 to be canceled on September 23 as it was downgraded to a tropical depression.

Tropical Depression Thirteen-E

Tropical depression (SSHS)
Duration September 19 – September 20
Intensity 35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min),  1007 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave existed the west coast of Africa on August 27 and tracked westward across the Atlantic and Caribbean Sea. After almost two weeks, the system emerged into the Pacific Ocean on September 7. The wave remained disorganized until September 18, when the associated convection became better organized. It is estimated that at 0600 UTC on September 19, Tropical Depression Thirteen-E developed while centered 1,197 miles (1,926 km) west-southwest of the southern tip of Baja California.[86] Operationally, the system was not designated as a tropical depression until 1700 UTC on that day. Because the depression was predicted to enter a region of decreasing SST's and an increase in wind shear was likely, the National Hurricane Center forecasted minimal intensification.[87] The depression failed to attain tropical storm status, and instead began to weaken due to decreasing SST's as well as a stable air mass. By early on September 21, the depression degenerated into a remnant low while about 1,364 miles (2,195 km) west-southwest of the southern tip of Baja California. The remnant low eventually dissipated on September 25.[86]

Tropical Storm Juliette

Tropical storm (SSHS)
Duration September 29 – October 2
Intensity 60 mph (95 km/h) (1-min),  997 mbar (hPa)

Tropical Depression Fourteen-E formed from a low-pressure west-southwest of Manzanillo on September 29. It strengthened to Tropical Storm Juliette later the same day. It peaked at 60 mph (85 km/h) on September 30 before weakening due to increased shear. Juliette dissipated early on October 2, never threatening land.

Tropical Storm Kiko

Tropical storm (SSHS)
Duration October 15 – October 23
Intensity 70 mph (110 km/h) (1-min),  991 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave existed the coast of Africa into the Atlantic on September 26. A portion of the wave spawned Tropical Storm Melissa on September 28, though the southern portion of the system tracked westward and entered the Pacific on October 8. An area of low pressure developing along the wave axis on October 11, though the system initially remained disorganized due to wind shear. After a decrease in wind shear, the storm quickly began to organize, and became Tropical Depression Fifteen-E by early on October 15.[88] Although significant wind shear persisted, the National Hurricane Center noted steady intensification to moderate tropical storm status.[89] The depression drifted southward and remained weak, though it eventually strengthened into Tropical Storm Kiko on October 16. Only six hours later, Kiko weakened to a tropical depression. Despite sea surface temperatures of 84 °F (29 °C), the storm slowly restrengthened, due to wind shear of at least 23 mph (37 km/h) and a stable air mass. Early on October 17, Kiko regained tropical storm intensity.[88]

Thereafter, the storm curved east-northeastward and approached Mexico, prompting a few tropical storm watches and warnings. On October 18, Kiko curved northeastward and then northeastward, causing the storm to remain offshore. After remaining a minimal tropical storm for 48 hours, Kiko resumed intensification on October 19. At 1800 UTC on October 20, Kiko attained its peak intensity with winds of 70 mph (110 km/h) and a minimum pressure of 991 mbar (29.3 inHg), failing to reach hurricane status,[88] in contrast with predictions.

Although the storm remained well offshore, heavy rain affected some areas of western Mexico for two days.[90][91] Offshore, a ship with twenty-five passengers and crew capsized in rough seas caused by Kiko, resulting in at least 15 fatalities.[92]

Storm names

The following names were used for named storms that formed in the northeast Pacific in 2007. This is the same list that was used in the 2001 season, except for Alvin, which replaced Adolph, which was retired due to political sensitivities. The name Alvin was used for a storm for the first time this year.

  • Ivo
  • Juliette
  • Kiko
  • Lorena (unused)
  • Manuel (unused)
  • Narda (unused)
  • Octave (unused)
  • Priscilla (unused)
  • Raymond (unused)
  • Sonia (unused)
  • Tico (unused)
  • Velma (unused)
  • Wallis (unused)
  • Xina (unused)
  • York (unused)
  • Zelda (unused)

For the central Pacific Ocean, four consecutive lists are used, with the names used sequentially until exhausted, rather than until the end of the year, due to the low number of storms each year. No central pacific names were used; the next one used would have been Kika.

No names were retired for the 2007 Pacific hurricane season. The same list of names will be reused in the 2013 Pacific hurricane season.

Season impact

This is a table of the storms in 2007 and their landfall(s), if any. Deaths in parentheses are indirect; an example of such would be a traffic accident, but still storm-related. Damage and death totals include times when the storm was an extratropical storm or precursor wave.

Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale
TD TS C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
2007 Pacific hurricane statistics
Storm
name
Dates active Storm category

at peak intensity

Max
wind

(mph)

Min.
press.
(mbar)
Landfall(s) Damage
(millions
USD)
Deaths
Where When Wind

(mph)

Alvin May 27 – May 31 Tropical storm 40 1003 none none
Barbara May 29 – June 2 Tropical storm 50 1000 Southern Chiapas, Mexico June 2 50 55 
Three-E June 11 – June 12 Tropical depression 35 1005 none none 
Four-E July 9 – July 11 Tropical depression 35 1006 none none 
Five-E July 14 – July 15 Tropical depression 35 1006 none none 
Cosme July 14 – July 22 Category 1 hurricane 75 987 none minimal 
Dalila July 22 – July 27 Tropical storm 60 995 none none  11 
Erick July 31 – August 2 Tropical storm 40 1004 none none 
Flossie August 8 – August 16 Category 4 hurricane 140 949 none none 
Gil August 29 – September 2 Tropical storm 45 1001 none none 
Henriette August 30 – September 6 Category 1 hurricane 85 972 Colima, Mexico (Direct hit, no landfall) September 2 60 25 
Cabo San Lucas, Mexico September 4 80
Guaymas, Mexico September 5 75
Ivo September 18 – September 23 Category 1 hurricane 80 984 none none 
Thirteen-E September 19 – September 20 Tropical depression 35 1007 none none 
Juliette September 29 – October 2 Tropical storm 60 997 none none 
Kiko October 15 – October 23 Tropical storm 70 991 none none  15 
Season Aggregates
15 cyclones May 27 – October 23   140 949 3 landfalls 80 39

See also

References

  1. ^ Blake/Mainelli/Rhome/Brown (2007-08-01). "July Monthly Tropical Weather Summary". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on 20 August 2007. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2007/tws/MIATWSEP_jul.shtml?. Retrieved 2007-08-01. 
  2. ^ Blake & Mainelli (2007). "August Monthly Tropical Weather Summary". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2007/tws/MIATWSEP_aug.shtml?. Retrieved 2007-09-01. 
  3. ^ Climate Prediction Center, NOAA (2006-05-22). "Background Information: East Pacific Hurricane Season". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 2009-05-18. http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/Epac_hurr/background_information.html. Retrieved 2007-05-22. 
  4. ^ Climate Prediction Center, NOAA (2007-05-22). "NOAA: 2007 Tropical Eastern North Pacific Hurricane Outlook". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 2009-06-11. http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/Epac_hurr/Epac_hurricane.html. Retrieved 2007-05-22. 
  5. ^ Central Pacific Hurricane Center, NOAA (2007-05-22). "NOAA Announces Central Pacific Hurricane Season Outlook". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 16 June 2007. http://www.weather.gov/hawaii/pages/examples/2007_cphc_outlook.pdf. Retrieved 2007-05-22. 
  6. ^ Brown, Daniel (2007). "May 24 Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/pub/weather/tropical/Outlook-P/2007052422.ABPZ20. Retrieved 2007-05-26. 
  7. ^ Rhome, Jamie (2007). "May 25 Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/pub/weather/tropical/Outlook-P/2007052516.ABPZ20. Retrieved 2007-05-26. 
  8. ^ Rhome, Jamie (2007). "May 26 Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. ftp://ftp.met.fsu.edu/pub/weather/tropical/Outlook-P/2007052616.ABPZ20. Retrieved 2007-05-26. 
  9. ^ a b Lixion A. Avila (2007-07-05). "Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Alvin". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on 10 August 2007. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-EP012007_Alvin.pdf. Retrieved 2007-07-06. 
  10. ^ Beven (2007). "Tropical Depression One-E Discussion One". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on 2011-02-28. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2007/ep01/ep012007.discus.001.shtml. Retrieved 2007-05-29. 
  11. ^ Franklin, James (2007). "Tropical Depression One-E Discussion Three". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on 2011-02-28. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2007/ep01/ep012007.discus.003.shtml. Retrieved 2007-05-27. 
  12. ^ Franklin, James (2007). "Tropical Depression One-E Discussion Four". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on 2011-02-28. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2007/ep01/ep012007.discus.004.shtml. Retrieved 2007-05-27. 
  13. ^ Knabb, Richard (2007). "Tropical Depression One-E Discussion Five". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on 2011-02-28. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2007/ep01/ep012007.discus.005.shtml. Retrieved 2007-05-27. 
  14. ^ Franklin, James (2007). "Tropical Depression One-E Discussion Seven". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on 2011-02-28. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2007/ep01/ep012007.discus.007.shtml. Retrieved 2007-05-27. 
  15. ^ Knabb (2007). "Tropical Storm Alvin Discussion Nine". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on 2011-02-28. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2007/ep01/ep012007.discus.009.shtml. Retrieved 2007-05-28. 
  16. ^ Mainelli (2007). "Tropical Storm Alvin Discussion Twelve". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on 2011-02-28. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2007/ep01/ep012007.discus.012.shtml. Retrieved 2007-05-29. 
  17. ^ Rhome, Jamie (2007). "Tropical Depression Alvin Discussion Fourteen". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on 2011-02-28. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2007/ep01/ep012007.discus.014.shtml. Retrieved 2007-05-30. 
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  84. ^ Eric S. Blake and Lixion A. Avila (2007-08-30). "Tropical Depression Eleven-E Discussion Number 1". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2007/ep11/ep112007.discus.001.shtml?. Retrieved 2012-02-14. 
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  88. ^ a b c Michelle Mainelli (2007-11-18). "Tropical Storm Kiko Tropical Cyclone Report". National Hurricane Center. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-EP152007_Kiko.pdf. Retrieved 2012-02-16. 
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External links

Tropical cyclones of the 2007 Pacific hurricane season

Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale
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