327th Fighter Group
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327th Fighter Group
| 327th Fighter Group
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 Cold War Emblem of the 327th Fighter Group, 1958-1966 |
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| Active | 1942–1944, 1955-1966 |
| Country | United States |
| Branch | United States Air Force |
| Role | Air Defense |
| Part of | Air Defense Command 20th Air Division |
| Motto | Ne Defecit Animus (Courage Does Not Fail Me) (1942-1958) Intercipere Recognoscere Destuere (Intercept, Identify, Destroy) (1958-1966) |
The 327th Fighter Group is an inactive United States Air Force organization. Its last assignment was with the 20th Air Division, at Truax Field, Wisconsin. It was inactivated in June 1966
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Contents
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History
World War II
The 327th Fighter Group was activated at Mitchel Field, NY and assigned to I Fighter Command in mid-1942 with the 323d,[1] 324th,[2] and 325th Fighter Squadrons[3] assigned.[4] It became part of the air defense force in the upper Mid-Atlantic region, and also served as an operational training unit, using P-40 Warhawks until February 1943 when they were replaced by P-47 Thunderbolts.[4] In 1944 the group began training replacement pilots for combat duty.[4] In February 1944, a fourth squadron, the 443d Fighter Squadron[5] was activated and assigned to the group, as the group began a split operation, with The group and two squadrons remaining at Richmond Army Air Base while the other two squadrons moved to Norfolk Army Air Field, VA.[3][5] The group was disbanded on 10 April 1944[4] and replaced by Army Air Forces AAF Base Units at Richmond and Norfolk as part of a major reorganization of the AAF in the United States in which combat units not programmed to be shipped overseas were replaced to free up manpower for overseas assignment.
Cold War
The group was reconstituted, redesignated as the 327th Fighter Group (Air Defense), and activated in 1955 to replace the 520th Air Defense Group[6] as part of as part of Air Defense Command's Project Arrow, which was designed to bring back on the active list the fighter units which had compiled memorable records in the two world wars.[7] It assumed the personnel and equipment of the 520th, while the 520th's operational squadrons, the 432d[8] and 456th Fighter-Interceptor Squadrons[9] (FIS) tansferred their personnel and rocket armed and radar equipped F-86 Sabres[10] to the 323d and 325th FIS, which moved on paper to Truax from Larson AFB[1] and Hamilton AFB,[3] respectively. These moves were made because another purpose of Project Arrow was to reunite fighter squadrons with their traditional groups.[7] The group was assigned air defense of Great Lakes area and also was the host organization for USAF units at Truax. It was assigned a number of support organizations to fulfill its host responsibilities.[11][12][13]
The group's 323d FIS converted to F-102A Delta Daggers in November 1956,[10] while the 325th FIS followed in February 1957.[10] In October 1957, the 61st FIS was assigned to the group and moved to Truax Field from Ernest Harmon AFB, Canada, where it had been part of the 4731st Air Defense Group,[14] in a swap with the 323d FIS, which replaced it at Ernest Harmon.[1] The group was reduced to a single operational squadron in 1960, when the 61st FIS inactivated.[14] The 327th was inactivated in June 1966.
Lineage
- Constituted as the 327th Fighter Group (Single Engine) on 24 June 1942
- Activated on 19 August 1942
- Disbanded on 10 April 1944
- Reconstituted and redesignated 327th Fighter Group (Air Defense), on 20 June 1955
Assignments
- I Fighter Command, 18 August 1942 – 10 April 1944[citation needed]
- Attached to Philadelphia Fighter Wing, 27 August 1942 – 22 September 1942
- Philadelphia Fighter Wing, 1943[17]
- 4706th Air Defense Wing, 18 August 1955[16]
- 37th Air Division, 8 July 1956[16]
- 30th Air Division, 1 April 1959[16]
- Chicago Air Defense Sector, 1 June 1959[16]
- 20th Air Division, 1 April 1966 - 25 June 1966[16]
Stations
- Mitchel Field, New York, 25 August 1942
- Philadelphia Airport, Pennsylvania, 27 August 1942
- Richmond Army Air Base, Virginia, ca. 22 September 1942 – 10 April 1944[18]
- Truax Field, Wisconsin, 18 August 1955 – 25 June 1966[16]
Components
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Operational Squadrons
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Support Units
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Aircraft Flown
- P-40 Warhawk
- P-47 Thunderbolt
- F-86D Sabre, 1955-1957
- F-102A, 1956-1966
Campaigns
References
- ^ a b c d Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. p. 398. ISBN 0-405-12194-6. http://www.airforcehistory.hq.af.mil/Publications/fulltext/combat_sq_of_the_af_wwii.pdf.
- ^ a b Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 399
- ^ a b c d Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 400-401
- ^ a b c d e Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. pp. 208-209. ISBN 0-912799-02-1. http://www.airforcehistory.hq.af.mil/Publications/fulltext/af_combat_units_wwii.pdf.
- ^ a b c Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 548-549
- ^ Cornett, Lloyd H; Johnson, Mildred W (1980). A Handbook of Aerospace Defense Organization, 1946-1980. Peterson AFB, CO: Office of History, Aerospace Defense Center. p. 82. http://www.usafpatches.com/pubs/handbookofadcorg.pdf.
- ^ a b Buss, Lydus H.(ed), Sturm, Thomas A., Volan, Denys, and McMullen, Richard F., History of Continental Air Defense Command and Air Defense Command July to December 1955, Directorate of Historical Services, Air Defense Command, Ent AFB, CO, 1956., p.6
- ^ Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 534
- ^ Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 562
- ^ a b c Cornett & Johnson, p. 125
- ^ a b Abstract, History of 327th USAF Infirmary, Jul-Dec 1955 (accessed 26 May 2012)
- ^ a b Abstract, History of 327th Air Base Squadron, CY 1958-1959 (accessed 26 May 2012)
- ^ a b Cornett & Johnson, p. 145
- ^ a b c Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 237
- ^ Lineage to this entry at Maurer, Combat Units, p. 209
- ^ a b c d e f g Cornett & Johnson, p. 79
- ^ Maurer, Combat Units, p. 428
- ^ Stations to this entry at Maurer, Combat Units, p. 209
- ^ Abstract, History of 327th USAF Dispensary, Jan-Mar 1966 (accessed 26 May 2012)
- ^ Abstract, History of 327th Combat Support Squadron, Jan-Mar 1965 (accessed 26 May 2012)
- ^ a b c d Cornett & Johnson, p. 139
- ^ Abstract, History of 327th Supply Squadron, Jan-Mar 1965 (accessed 26 May 2012)
- ^ The group is not entitled to the Antisubmarine inscription shown in the graphic
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the Air Force Historical Research Agency.
External links
- AFHRA Factsheet, 61st Fighter Squadron (accessed 25 May 2012)
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