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| Millennium: | 1st millennium BC |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 2nd century BC – 1st century BC – 1st century |
| Decades: | 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC – 30s BC – 20s BC 10s BC 0s BC |
| Years: | 41 BC 40 BC 39 BC – 38 BC – 37 BC 36 BC 35 BC |
| 38 BC by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 38 BC |
| Ab urbe condita | 716 |
| Armenian calendar | N/A |
| Bahá'í calendar | -1881 – -1880 |
| Bengali calendar | -630 |
| Berber calendar | 913 |
| Buddhist calendar | 507 |
| Burmese calendar | -675 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5471 – 5472 |
| Chinese calendar | 壬午年 (2599/2659) — to —
癸未年(2600/2660) |
| Coptic calendar | -321 – -320 |
| Ethiopian calendar | -45 – -44 |
| Hebrew calendar | 3723 – 3724 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 18 – 19 |
| - Shaka Samvat | N/A |
| - Kali Yuga | 3064 – 3065 |
| Holocene calendar | 9963 |
| Iranian calendar | 659 BP – 658 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 679 BH – 678 BH |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Korean calendar | 2296 |
| Thai solar calendar | 506 |
Year 38 BC was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Rome
- January 1—Beginning of the Hispanic era, by Octavio Augusto's orders.
- January 17—Octavian marries Livia while she is still pregnant from a recently broken marriage. Octavian gained permission from the College of Pontiffs to wed her while she was still pregnant from another husband. Three months after the wedding she gave birth to a second son, Nero Claudius Drusus, while he and his elder brother, the four-year-old Tiberius, lived in Octavian's household.
- Octavian Caesar appointed Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa governor of Transalpine Gaul, where he put down a uprising of the Aquitanians. He also fought successfully against the Germanic tribes, and becoming the next Roman general to cross the Rhine after Julius Caesar.
- Mark Antony, Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus and Marcus Lepidus sign the Treaty of Tarentum (or 37 BC), extending the Second Triumvirate until 33 BC.
- Parthian invasion into Roman Syria; Publius Ventidius Bassus defeats Pacorus, at the crossing of the Euphrates in the Battle of Cyrrhestica. Ventidius lays siege to Antiochus of Commagene in Samosata until relieved by Antony.
Births
- Nero Claudius Drusus, future stepson of Augustus Caesar (d. 9 BC)
Deaths
- Pacorus, crownprince of Parthia (killed in battle)
- Orodes II of Parthia
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