399 BC
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In the year 399 bce
Transportation
Dionysius the Elder of Syracuse introduces the quinquereme (a ship with five banks of rowers) to his navy, which already includes quadriremes. As a result, Syracuse becomes a major naval power, sweeping the Tyrrhenian and Adriatic seas free of pirates. Athens and other Hellenic cities soon begin adding the two new types of ship to their own navies. By 325 bce Athens has 43 quadriremes and 7 quinqueremes along with its main fleet of 360 triremes. See also 410 bce Transportation; 315 bce Transportation.
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399 BC
| Millennium: | 1st millennium BC |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 5th century BC – 4th century BC – 3rd century BC |
| Decades: | 420s BC 410s BC 400s BC – 390s BC – 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC |
| Years: | 402 BC 401 BC 400 BC – 399 BC – 398 BC 397 BC 396 BC |
| 399 BC by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 399 BC |
| Ab urbe condita | 355 |
| Armenian calendar | N/A |
| Assyrian calendar | 4352 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -2242 – -2241 |
| Bengali calendar | -991 |
| Berber calendar | 552 |
| English Regnal year | N/A |
| Buddhist calendar | 146 |
| Burmese calendar | -1036 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5110 – 5111 |
| Chinese calendar | 辛巳年 (2238/2298) — to —
壬午年(2239/2299) |
| Coptic calendar | -682 – -681 |
| Ethiopian calendar | -406 – -405 |
| Hebrew calendar | 3362 – 3363 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Bikram Samwat | -342 – -341 |
| - Shaka Samvat | N/A |
| - Kali Yuga | 2703 – 2704 |
| Holocene calendar | 9602 |
| Iranian calendar | 1020 BP – 1019 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 1051 BH – 1050 BH |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Korean calendar | 1935 |
| Minguo calendar | 2310 before ROC 民前2310年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 145 |
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Year 399 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Tribunate of Augurinus, Longus, Priscus, Cicurinus, Rufus and Philo (or, less frequently, year 355 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 399 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place
Greece
- February 15 – The Greek philosopher Socrates is sentenced to death by Athenian authorities, condemned for impiety and the corruption of youth. He refuses to flee into exile and dies by drinking hemlock.
- Sparta forces Elis to surrender in the spring.
- The Spartan admiral, Lysander, tries to effect a political revolution in Sparta by suggesting that the king should not automatically be given the leadership of the army. He also suggests that the position of king should be elective. However, he is unsuccessful in achieving these reforms, and earns the disfavour of King Agesilaus II of Sparta.
- King Archelaus I of Macedon is killed during a hunt, by one of the royal pages, his lover Craterus.
Egypt
- King Amyrtaeus of Egypt is defeated in battle by his successor, Nepherites I of Mendes, and executed at Memphis. King Nepherites I, or Nefaarud I, founds the Twenty-ninth dynasty of Egypt. He makes Mendes his capital.
Births
Deaths
- February 15 – Socrates, Greek philosopher (b. c. 470 BC)
- King Amyrtaeus of Egypt
- King Archelaus I of Macedon
References
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Houghton Mifflin Guide to Science & Technology
History of Science and Technology, edited by Bryan Bunch and Alexander Hellemans. Copyright © 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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