41
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This article is about the year 41. For the number (and other uses), see 41 (number). For the 2007 film, see 41 (film).
| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 1st century BC – 1st century – 2nd century |
| Decades: | 10s 20s 30s – 40s – 50s 60s 70s |
| Years: | 38 39 40 – 41 – 42 43 44 |
| 41 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishment and disestablishment categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 41 XLI |
| Ab urbe condita | 794 |
| Armenian calendar | N/A |
| Assyrian calendar | 4791 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -1803–-1802 |
| Bengali calendar | -552 |
| Berber calendar | 991 |
| English Regnal year | N/A |
| Buddhist calendar | 585 |
| Burmese calendar | -597 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5549–5550 |
| Chinese calendar | 庚子年十一月初十日 (2677/2737-11-10) — to —
辛丑年十一月二十日(2678/2738-11-20) |
| Coptic calendar | -243–-242 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 33–34 |
| Hebrew calendar | 3801–3802 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 97–98 |
| - Shaka Samvat | N/A |
| - Kali Yuga | 3142–3143 |
| Holocene calendar | 10041 |
| Iranian calendar | 581 BP – 580 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 599 BH – 598 BH |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Julian calendar | 41 XLI |
| Korean calendar | 2374 |
| Minguo calendar | 1871 before ROC 民前1871年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 584 |
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Year 41 (XLI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Augustus and Saturninus (or, less frequently, year 794 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 41 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place
Roman Empire
- Consuls are the emperor Caligula and Gnaeus Sentius Saturninus.[1]
- January 24
- Caligula, known for his eccentricity and cruel despotism, is assassinated by his disgruntled Praetorian Guards.[2]
- Claudius succeeds his nephew Caligula as Emperor.[3]
- January 25 – After a night of negotiation, Claudius is accepted as Emperor by the Senate.[3]
- Claudius makes Agrippa king of Judea.[4]
- Messalina, wife of Claudius, persuades Claudius to have Seneca the Younger banished to Corsica on a charge of adultery with Julia Livilla.[5]
- Claudius restores religious freedom to Jews throughout the empire,[6] but prohibits Jews in Rome from proselytising.[7]
- An attack across the Rhine by the Germans is stopped by the Romans.
Asia
- Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty deposes his wife, Guo Shentong, as empress, and creates his consort Yin Lihua empress in her place.[8]
By topic
Religion
- The disciples of Jesus form communities after the Diaspora, especially in Damascus and Antioch. For the first time they are called Christians.
- The death of Caligula saves the Jewish people from being punished for resisting orders to worship his statue in the Temple of Jerusalem.
Births
- February 12 – Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, son of Claudius and Messalina[9]
Deaths
- January 24 – Caligula, Roman Emperor (assassinated)[2]
- Julia Drusilla, daughter of Caligula (assassinated)[10]
- End of the year – Julia Livilla, daughter of Germanicus, niece of Claudius (starved to death in her exile)[11]
- Milonia Caesonia, wife of Caligula (assassinated)[10]
References
- ^ Burley, Anthony Richard (2005). The Roman government of Britain. Oxford University Press. p. 219. ISBN 978-0-19-925237-4. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=izIMUEgzjm0C&pg=PA219&dq=Caligula+Gnaeus+Sentius+Saturninus#v=onepage&q=Caligula%20Gnaeus%20Sentius%20Saturninus&f=false.
- ^ a b Barrett, Anthony A. (2002). Caligula: The Corruption of Power. Routledge. p. 170. ISBN 978-0-203-13776-5. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=H1paoJ_BN28C&pg=PA170&dq=Caligula+assassinated+January+24#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- ^ a b Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy A. (2004). Handbook to life in ancient Rome (2nd ed.). Infobase Publishing. p. 21. ISBN 978-0-8160-5026-0. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=zGY1Sqjwf8kC&pg=PA21&dq=Claudius+emperor+January+25#v=onepage&q=Claudius%20emperor%20January%2025&f=false.
- ^ Dixon, William Hepworth (1865). The holy land. 2. B. Tauchnitz. p. 222. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=r7EWAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA222&dq=Agrippa+king+of+Judea+41#v=onepage&q=Agrippa%20king%20of%20Judea%2041&f=false.
- ^ Moran, Michael G. (2005). Ballif, Michelle. ed. Classical rhetorics and rhetoricians: critical studies and sources. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 343. ISBN 978-0-313-32178-8. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=CYykAGVyqvwC&pg=PA343&dq=Seneca+the+Younger+banished+41#v=onepage&q=Seneca%20the%20Younger%20banished%2041&f=false.
- ^ Freedman, David Noel, ed. (2000). Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible. Amsterdam University Press. p. 262. ISBN 978-90-5356-503-2. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=qRtUqxkB7wkC&pg=PA262&dq=Claudius+restores+religious+freedom+to+Jews+41#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- ^ Scullard, H. H. (2010). From the Gracchi to Nero: A History of Rome 133 BC to AD 68. Taylor & Francis. p. 249. ISBN 978-0-415-58488-3. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=vMzvAXjq1uEC&pg=PA249&dq=Claudius+Jews+proselytising+Rome+41#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- ^ Xiao Hong Lee, Lily; Stefanowska, A. D., eds. (2007). Biographical dictionary of Chinese women: antiquity through Sui, 1600 B.C.E.–618 C.E.. 3. M.E. Sharpe. pp. 146–147. ISBN 978-0-7656-1750-7. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=u7mLql4TAxoC&pg=PA147&dq=Emperor+Guangwu+empress+41#v=onepage&q=Emperor%20Guangwu%20empress%2041&f=false.
- ^ Wiedemann, Thomas E. J. (1989). Adults and children in the Roman Empire. Taylor & Francis. p. 124. ISBN 978-0-415-00336-0. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=jJwOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA124&dq=Britannicus+born+February+12#v=onepage&q=Britannicus%20born%20February%2012&f=false.
- ^ a b Varner, Eric R. (2004). Mutilation and transformation: damnatio memoriae and Roman imperial portraiture. BRILL. p. 21. ISBN 978-90-04-13577-2. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=5IpPhTqnDJkC&pg=PA21&dq=Julia+Drusilla+assassinated+41#v=onepage&q=Julia%20Drusilla%20assassinated%2041&f=false.
- ^ Lightman, Marjorie; Lightman, Benjamin (2007). A to Z of ancient Greek and Roman women. 2. Infobase Publishing. p. 171. ISBN 978-0-8160-6710-7. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=2esYJJUETiYC&pg=PA171&dq=Julia+Livilla+starved+to+death+41#v=onepage&q=Julia%20Livilla%20starved%20to%20death%2041&f=false.
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