| 423 BC by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders - Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births - Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments - Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 423 BC |
| Ab urbe condita | 331 |
| Armenian calendar | N/A |
| Bahá'í calendar | -2266 – -2265 |
| Berber calendar | 528 |
| Buddhist calendar | 122 |
| Burmese calendar | -1060 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5086 – 5087 |
| Chinese calendar | [[Sexagenary cycle|]]年 (2214/2274) — to —
[[Sexagenary cycle|]]年(2215/2275) |
| Coptic calendar | -706 – -705 |
| Ethiopian calendar | -430 – -429 |
| Hebrew calendar | 3338 – 3339 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | -367 – -366 |
| - Shaka Samvat | N/A |
| - Kali Yuga | 2679 – 2680 |
| Holocene calendar | 9578 |
| Iranian calendar | 1044 BP – 1043 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 1076 BH – 1075 BH |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Korean calendar | 1911 |
| Thai solar calendar | 121 |
Events
By place
Persian empire
- Ochus, satrap of Hyrcania and son of Artaxerxes I and a Babylonian concubine, seizes the Persian throne from his half brother Secydianus (or Sogdianus), whom he has executed. The new king rules as Darius II.
Greece
- The Athenian general, Laches, successfully moves in the Athenian Assembly for an armistice with Sparta to check the progress of Sparta's most effective general, Brasidas. However, the "Truce of Laches" has little impact on Brasidas and collapses within a year.
- Brasidas ignores the proposed year-long truce and proceeds to take Scione and Mende in the hope of reaching Athens and freeing Spartan prisoners. Athens sends reinforcements under Nicias who retakes Mende.
By topic
Drama
- Aristophanes' play The Clouds is performed as is Sophocles' play Maidens of Trachi and The Putine (The Bottle), by Cratinus.
Births
Deaths
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