| 478 BC by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 478 BC |
| Ab urbe condita | 276 |
| Armenian calendar | N/A |
| Bahá'í calendar | -2321 – -2320 |
| Berber calendar | 473 |
| Buddhist calendar | 67 |
| Burmese calendar | -1115 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5031 – 5032 |
| Chinese calendar | [[Sexagenary cycle|]]年 (2159/2219) — to —
[[Sexagenary cycle|]]年(2160/2220) |
| Coptic calendar | -761 – -760 |
| Ethiopian calendar | -485 – -484 |
| Hebrew calendar | 3283 – 3284 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | -422 – -421 |
| - Shaka Samvat | N/A |
| - Kali Yuga | 2624 – 2625 |
| Holocene calendar | 9523 |
| Iranian calendar | 1099 BP – 1098 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 1133 BH – 1132 BH |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Korean calendar | 1856 |
| Thai solar calendar | 66 |
Events
By place
Greece
- Despite Spartan opposition, Athens is refortified as well as rebuilt after the Persian destruction of the city.
- With the help of the Athenian statesman and general, Cimon, Aristides commands an Athenian fleet of 30 ships that the Spartan commander Pausanias leads to free the Greek cities on Cyprus and capture Byzantium from the Persians and their Phoenician allies.
- While Pausanias is occupying Byzantium, his arrogance and his adoption of Persian clothing and manners offends the allies and raises suspicions of disloyalty. Pausanias is recalled to Sparta, where he is tried and acquitted of the charge of treason, but he is not restored to his command.
Sicily
China
- A Temple of Confucius is established in (modern-day) Qufu.
Births
Deaths
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