| 499 BC by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 499 BC |
| Ab urbe condita | 255 |
| Armenian calendar | N/A |
| Bahá'í calendar | -2342 – -2341 |
| Berber calendar | 452 |
| Buddhist calendar | 46 |
| Burmese calendar | -1136 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5010 – 5011 |
| Chinese calendar | [[Sexagenary cycle|]]年 (2138/2198) — to —
[[Sexagenary cycle|]]年(2139/2199) |
| Coptic calendar | -782 – -781 |
| Ethiopian calendar | -506 – -505 |
| Hebrew calendar | 3262 – 3263 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | -443 – -442 |
| - Shaka Samvat | N/A |
| - Kali Yuga | 2603 – 2604 |
| Holocene calendar | 9502 |
| Iranian calendar | 1120 BP – 1119 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 1154 BH – 1153 BH |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Korean calendar | 1835 |
| Thai solar calendar | 45 |
Events
By place
Greece
- After a failed attack on the rebellious island of Naxos in 502 BC (on behalf of the Persians), Aristagoras, to save himself from the wrath of Persia, plans a revolt with the Milesians and the other Ionians. With the encouragement of Histiaeus (his father-in-law and former tyrant of Miletus), Aristagoras, governor of Miletus, induces the Ionian cities of Asia Minor to revolt against Persia, thus instigating the Ionian Revolt and beginning the Greco-Persian Wars between Greece and Persia. The pro-Persian tyrant of Mytilene is stoned to death.
- Aristagoras seeks help with the revolt against the Persians from Cleomenes I, the King of Sparta, but the Spartans are unwilling to respond.
- Miltiades the Younger, the ruler of the Thracian Chersonese, which has been under Persian suzerainty since approximately 514 BC, joins the Ionian revolt. He seizes the islands of Lemnos and Imbros from the Persians.
Births
Deaths
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