80 BC
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In the year 80 bce
Computers
The Antikythera mechanism, a complex bronze orrery (astronomical computing machine) of great accuracy, based on an intricate system of 24 gears and 13 axles, is built. It contains the first known differential gear and has sometimes been called the first computer. Its existence was revealed in 1901 when it was found by Greek sponge divers in a wreck off the island of Antikythera, although it was not explained until 75 years later by Derek de Solla Price. See also 1900 ce Tools.
EnergyGaius Sergius Orata begins to purchase neglected villas and to install a version of his home heating system, called the hypocausum. The system uses a series of tanks propped up on short brick posts; a fire on one side of each tank warms it, and hot air from the tank circulates beneath the floors, warming the house. Orata also invents the balnae pensiles, raised bathrooms that are heated by means of ducts under the floor. He then resells the villas for vastly more than they cost him to acquire and modify. Similar systems are soon installed at public baths throughout Italy, but Orata is sued by his customers for "price gouging." See also 85 bce Food & agriculture.
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| Millennium: | 1st millennium BC |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 2nd century BC – 1st century BC – 1st century |
| Decades: | 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC – 80s BC – 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC |
| Years: | 83 BC 82 BC 81 BC – 80 BC – 79 BC 78 BC 77 BC |
| 80 BC by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 80 BC |
| Ab urbe condita | 674 |
| Armenian calendar | N/A |
| Assyrian calendar | 4671 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -1923–-1922 |
| Bengali calendar | -672 |
| Berber calendar | 871 |
| English Regnal year | N/A |
| Buddhist calendar | 465 |
| Burmese calendar | -717 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5429–5430 |
| Chinese calendar | 庚子年 (2557/2617) — to —
辛丑年(2558/2618) |
| Coptic calendar | -363–-362 |
| Ethiopian calendar | -87–-86 |
| Hebrew calendar | 3681–3682 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | -23–-22 |
| - Shaka Samvat | N/A |
| - Kali Yuga | 3022–3023 |
| Holocene calendar | 9921 |
| Iranian calendar | 701 BP – 700 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 723 BH – 722 BH |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Korean calendar | 2254 |
| Minguo calendar | 1991 before ROC 民前1991年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 464 |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 80 BC |
Year 80 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Sulla and Metellus (or, less frequently, year 674 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 80 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place
Roman Republic
- Quintus Sertorius re-enter Iberia with a tiny army (2,600 men) and opens a successful campaign against the Sullan forces.
- Battle of the Baetis River: A force of Democratic exiles under Sertorius defeat the legal Roman army of Lucius Fulfidias in Hispania, starting the Sertorian War, Quintus Metellus Pius takes command on behalf of Sulla.
Egypt
- Ptolemy XII Auletes succeeds Ptolemy XI Alexander II to the throne of Egypt.
- Alexandria comes under Roman jurisdiction.
By topic
Art
- Roman artists begin to extend the space of a room visually with painted scenes of figures on a shallow stage or with a landscape or cityscape.
Literature
Births
Deaths
References
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Houghton Mifflin Guide to Science & Technology
History of Science and Technology, edited by Bryan Bunch and Alexander Hellemans. Copyright © 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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