930s

This is a list of events occurring in the 930s, ordered by year.

930

By place

Europe

• With the establishment of the Althing, now one of the world's oldest parliaments, the Icelandic Commonwealth is founded.

Asia

• Mardavij Ibn Ziyar was sent by Asfar together with the latter's brother Shirzad to conquer the fortress of Shamiran in Tarum from the Sallarid Muhammad Ibn Musafir. During the siege he was persuaded to revolt against Asfar by letters from Makan and the Sallarid who both promised him aid. With the help of the sons of the Sallarid he took Shirzad by surprise and killed him together with twenty-nine chiefs of the Varudavand, the tribe of Asfar. As he approached Asfar in Qazvin, the army of the latter went over to him. Asfar fled, and Mardavij inherited his territories, Ray, Qazvin, Zanjan, Abhar, Qum and Karaj.
• Emperor Suzaku ascends to the throne of Japan.
• The independent Korean island state of Usanguk becomes a protectorate of Goryeo.
• Battle of Gochang: Goryeo armies defeat Hubaekje.
• Prince Bei, elder brother of the Khitan Emperor, leaves for China.

931

By place

Asia

• Mardavij captured and killed Asfar and in rapid succession conquered Hamadan, Dinavar and Isfahan from the governors of the caliph. Then he turned against Makan with whom he had at first concluded a treaty after having received his support against Asfar.

Europe

• Ramiro II of León becomes king of Kingdom of León.
• Eric Bloodaxe becomes the second king of Norway.

By topic

Religion

• March – Pope John XI succeeds Pope Stephen VII as the 125th pope.

932

By place

Asia

• After an initial defeat, Mardavij took Tabaristan and Gurgan. Makan, whose attempts to recover his territories failed, entered the service of the Samanids.

Europe

• St. Ursenstift is founded by the Burgundian Queen Bertha in Solothurn.
• Wildeck Castle is built by King Henry I in Zschopau, Germany.

933

By place

Africa

• Failed attempt by the Fatimid dynasty to seize the Maghreb al-Aqsa (nowadays Morocco) from the local rulers allied to the Spain-based Umayyad Caliphate.^[1]

Europe

• 15 March – Henry the Fowler defeats the Magyars in the Battle of Riade.
• Cotentin and Jersey are seized by William Longsword, Duke of Normandy.
• The Kingdom of Lower Burgundy is given to King Rudolph II of Upper Burgundy.

Asia

• Shiragi Arabs from Persia settle on the Comoros.

934

By place

Asia

• The Ziyarid army occupies Ahvaz.
• The Goryeo army defeats Hubaekje forces in present-day Hongseong County.

Europe

• The German king Henry I, the Fowler and his Christian forces defeat a heathen army under King Gnupa and conquer Hedeby.
• The Eldgjá volcanic eruption is the largest basalt flood in history.
• Einsiedeln Abbey is founded.

935

By place

Africa

• A third attempt to conquer Egypt by the Tunisia-based Shi'ite Fatimid dynasty fails.
• Ziri ibn Manad initiates the construction of the fortress of Ashir, near Médéa. It symbolizes the rise of the Zirid dynasty in the Western Mediterranean region.^[2]

Europe

• Saint Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia is murdered by his brother Boleslaus I, Duke of Bohemia.
• Estimation: Córdoba, capital of Al-Andalus, becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from Baghdad, capital of Abbasid caliph Ar-Radi.^[3]
• Václav (Saint Wenceslas), Duke of the Bohemians, is murdered by his brother, Boleslav, who succeeds him.
• Haakon the Good, son of Harald Fairhair, once again reunites the Norwegian lands.
• Genoa sacked by Saracens under Yakub ibn Ishaq.

Asia

• Mardavij was murdered in Isfahan by his Turkish troops.
• Gyeon Hwon, the king of Hubaekje, is overthrown by his eldest son Singeom.
• King Gyeongsun, the last king of Unified Silla, formally surrenders to Wang Geon, bringing to an end the Silla kingdom. The Goryeo Dynasty starts.
• The Later Shu Kingdom is founded by Meng Zhixiang in Chengdu.
• Ki no Tsurayuki returns to Kyoto from Tosa province, a journey that becomes the basis of the earliest surviving Japanese poetic diary, the Tosa nikki.

936

By place

Asia

• King Taejo of Goryeo (Wanggeon) defeats Hubaekje.
• The Later Tang Dynasty falls to the Later Jin Dynasty, founded by Shi Jingtang (posthumously known as Gaozu of Later Jin) in China.
• The Sixteen Prefectures, which includes the area around modern-day Beijing, are absorbed by the Khitan Empire.
• Prince Bei, elder brother of the Liao Dynasty emperor, is murdered by the Later Tang Dynasty.
• Ibn Muqlah, Islamic calligrapher, is disgraced and imprisoned in Baghdad.

Europe

• Otto I is the first German king to be crowned in Aachen.
• Æthelstan sets the border between the Kingdom of England and Cornwall as the east bank of the River Tamar.^[4]

By topic

Religion

• January 3 – Pope Leo VII succeeds Pope John XI as the 126th pope.

937

By place

Europe

• Battle of Brunanburh: King Athelstan of England defeats the Viking king of Dublin, the Scots, and Strathclyde.
• September 21 – Magdeburg is now the capital of the Holy Roman Empire, after a Diet held by Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor.

Asia

• The Wu State is taken from within by Li Bian, who then founds the Southern Tang Kingdom.

938

By place

Asia

• The Liao Dynasty takes over Peking; they name Nanjing as their South Palace.
• Battle of Bach Dang: Vietnam wins its independence from China.

939

By place

Asia

• Vietnam, under the name Dai Co Viet, gains independence from China.

Europe

• Edmund I of England succeeds to the throne of England.
• The Arabs lose Madrid to the Kingdom of Leon.
• The Battle of Andernach: Otto I crushes the rebellion against his rule by a coalition of Eberhard of Franconia and other princes opposed to his rule.

By topic

Religion

• July 8 – The Major Occultation, or Ghaybat el-Kubra of Muhammad al-Mahdi
• July 14 – Pope Stephen VIII succeeds Pope Leo VII as the 127th pope.

Significant people

Births

Deaths

References