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On 3 July 1907 Pius X issued a decree Lamentabili, listing some sixty five Errors. A few months later on 8 September 1907 by the bull Pascendi, the pope condemned two errors: agnosticism which was defined as 'the restriction of knowledge to phenomena'; and Immanentism or subjectivism. He said, "Anyone who is in any way found to be tainted with Modernism is to be excluded without compunction from those offices, whether of government or of teaching, and those who already occupy them are to be removed. The same policy is to be adopted towards those who openly or secretly lend countenance to modernism, either by extolling the Modernists or excusing their culpable conduct or by carping at scholasticism or the Magisterium of the Church, or by refusing obedience to ecclesiastical authority, or any of its depositions; or towards those who show a love of novelty in history, archaeology or biblical exegesis; and finally towards those who neglect the sacred sciences or appear to prefer secular science to them."

The inflexibility of Pius X did the Church little service and had disastrous effects, acting as a potent constraint on Catholic critical scholarship for a generation or more, keeping its scholars within the narrow confines of neo-Thomism.

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On 3 July 1907 Pius X issued a decree Lamentabili, listing some sixty five Errors. A few months later on 8 September 1907 by the bull Pascendi, the pope condemned two errors: agnosticism which was defined as 'the restriction of knowledge to phenomena'; and Immanentism or subjectivism. He said, "Anyone who is in any way found to be tainted with Modernism is to be excluded without compunction from those offices, whether of government or of teaching, and those who already occupy them are to be removed. The same policy is to be adopted towards those who openly or secretly lend countenance to modernism, either by extolling the Modernists or excusing their culpable conduct or by carping at scholasticism or the Magisterium of the Church, or by refusing obedience to ecclesiastical authority, or any of its depositions; or towards those who show a love of novelty in history, archaeology or biblical exegesis; and finally towards those who neglect the sacred sciences or appear to prefer secular science to them."

The inflexibility of Pius X did the Church little service and had disastrous effects, acting as a potent constraint on Catholic critical scholarship for a generation or more, keeping its scholars within the narrow confines of neo-Thomism.

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Catholic AnswerSt. Pius X was one of the greatest popes of modern times. He took as his motto, "To restore all things in Christ. He promoted piety among the faithful, and advised all to receive Holy Commuion frequently, and, if possible, daily; dispensing the sick from the Communion fast - which at that time was complete from midnight the night before. In his Decree "Quam Singulari" he recommended that children's first Holy Communion not be deferred long after they reach the age of discretion - thus lowering the age to seven. He had been a huge supporter of sacred music before being elevated to the papacy, now he issued a Motu Proprio on sacred music in churches and ordered the authentic Gergorian Chant to be used everywhere. In the Encyclical "Acerbo nimis" he treated of the necessity of Catechismal instruction for all, including adults. He issued guidelines and called for close supervision of the formation of the clergy.

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His most famous accomplishment (besides lowering the age of First Holy Communion) was his ongoing fight against Modernism and the dangers of the new theological methods, which, based on Agnosticism and Immanentism, divest the doctrine of the faith of its teachings of objective, absolute, and immutable truth issuing several documents to support this and requiring an Oath against Modernism to be taken by all clergy before ordaination. He greatly reformed the Curia, and increased the Catholic hierarch. He sought to suppress tendencies leaning towards Socialism and promoted a spirit of insubordination to ecclesiastical authority and carried on an immense amount of work in the international field. He also started a great deal of both restoration and building in the Vatican: - from the Catholic Encyclopedia article:

In few years Pius X has secured great, practical, and lasting results in the interest of Catholic doctrine and discipline, and that in the face of great difficulties of all kinds. Even non-Catholics recognize his apostolic spirit, his strength of character, the precision of his decisions, and his pursuit of a clear and explicit programme.
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Answer 1

  • Regarding Islam religion: all God religions are based on Islam in its universal sense as Islam means full submission to Allah (or God in English and same God worshiped in Christianity and Judaism)
  • Qur'an is the only God holy book that was never altered or changed. Qur'an is the most extensive holy book that set rules and teachings to all aspects of life that lead to success in the current life and after life.
  • Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is a good model for his believers in all aspects of life including good morals and good devotion to the Creator.
  • Refer to links below for more details.

Answer 2

  • Islam is the only one amongst heavenly religions that set perfect balanced legislations that organize working in this life and also good deeds that lead to happiness in the hereafter. A Muslim is a moderate man, he works for his life to dwell it as if he is living forever, and he also prepares good deeds for the hereafter as if he is going to die tomorrow.
  • Islam doesn't order Muslims to engage in monasticism or to abandon working in this life or to become engrossed totally in this life and forget death and the hereafter, but it asks them to be moderate in all the works of this life and the hereafter, God says: "Thus, have We made of you an Ummat (nation) justly balanced" Surat All-Bakara, Verse 143.
  • It has the purest faith because it assured the pure monotheism and it keeps God away from all human features and from residing in man or immanentism or uniting with any creature or lack of ability to behave and attributes to Him every perfection that is suitable for His divine essence such as glorification, highness, ability, majesty and others.
  • Islam described that all of the prophets were chosen and perfect people and they have great amount of intelligence, cleverness, eloquence, fluency, honesty and intuition, despite all of this they are still people, their highest degree is as God says: "Say: I am but a man like yourselves, (but) the inspiration has come to me" Surat Al-Kahf, Verse 110.
  • The divine book of Muslims, which is the noble Koran is the only book that is protected from any changes or distortions, God says: "We have, without doubt, sent down the Message; and We will assuredly guard it (from corruption)" Surat Al-Hijr, Verse 9. But the other books of other heavenly religions was changed and perverted by their people, so now we see the four bibles authorized by the church were chosen from four hundred different bibles.
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