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A440

 
Artist: A440

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Sixpence
  • Formed: 1966, Houston, TX
  • Disbanded: 1985, Houston, TX
  • Genres: Rock

Biography

Houston psych-punks A440 formed in 1966 but did not release their first album until 12 years later. Roster information on the band's earliest incarnation is slim -- the flip side of their 1967 Soma label debut single "It's Just Your Mind," the superior "Torture" (later featured on the Acid Visions compilation series) is credited to Rock Romano, an alumni of fellow Houston bands the Fun and Games and Sixpence, but his exact involvement in A440 remains unclear. The group issued two more singles -- "When I Get Out" and "Instructions! Please Do Not Open Before Christmas" -- on the Cinema label before their recording career ground to a halt. But A440 remained a constant of the Houston live scene for a decade until they signed to 20th Century Fox to release their debut LP Ulysses, the Greek Suite. Written and arranged by keyboardist Michael Rapp -- singers Ted Neeley and Yvonne Iverson, guitarist Carlos Luevano, bassist Craig Meacham, and drummer Ian Hoffman rounded out this iteration -- the double-album set was a strange, rather anachronistic concept record inspired by ancient Greek myth that, released at the peak of the disco era, made absolutely no commercial impact. After resurfacing on Fantasy in 1983 with Cybotron, A440 again vanished from sight, presumably for good. ~ Jason Ankeny, All Music Guide
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Wikipedia: A440
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A440 or Concert A is the 440 Hz tone that serves as the standard for musical pitch. A440 is the musical note A above middle C (C4).

Prior to the standardization on 440 Hz, many countries and organizations followed the 435 Hz recommendation the Austrian government made in 1885. The American music industry reached their own informal compromise of 440 Hz in 1926, and used it in instrument manufacturing. In 1936, the American Standards Association recommended that the A above middle C be tuned to 440 Hz.[1] This standard was taken up by the International Organization for Standardization in 1955 (and was reaffirmed by them in 1975) as ISO 16 [2]. Although still not completely universally accepted, since then it has served as the audio frequency reference for the calibration of pianos, violins, and other musical instruments.

See: History of pitch standards in Western music.

See also

References

  1. ^ George Martin (2008). The Opera Companion. Hal Leonard Corporation. ISBN 9781574671681. http://books.google.com/books?id=MjTLYqOoi3kC&pg=PA92&dq=440-cps+1936&lr=&as_brr=0&as_pt=ALLTYPES&ei=7kBHScSDCZuKkASqxaW2Bw#PPA92,M1. 
  2. ^ ISO 16:1975 Acoustics -- Standard tuning frequency (Standard musical pitch). International Organization for Standardization. 1975. http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=3601. 

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