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| Abarat | |
|---|---|
 First edition cover |
|
| Author | Clive Barker |
| Illustrator | Clive Barker |
| Cover artist | Clive Barker |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |
| Series | The Books of Abarat |
| Genre(s) | Fantasy novel |
| Publisher | HarperCollins |
| Publication date | September 1, 2002 |
| Media type | Print (Hardback & Paperback) |
| Pages | 388 pp |
| ISBN | 0-06-028092-1 |
| OCLC Number | 49001992 |
| Dewey Decimal | [Fic] 21 |
| LC Classification | PZ7.B25046 Ab 2002 |
| Followed by | Days of Magic, Nights of War |
Abarat is a fantasy novel both written and illustrated by Clive Barker aimed primarily at young adults. The title refers to the land of the Abarat, which is where the majority of the story so far is set. There will be a total of four sequels to Abarat: Abarat: Days of Magic, Nights of War, Absolute Midnight, The Dynasty of Dreamers and the tentatively titled The Eternal, making it a five part series. He believes this necessary to introduce all of the plot elements needed for a climactic ending.
The title image contains an ambigram. The paintings in the book are done with oils. Barker had already completed 300 paintings before he started working on the first book.[1] Barker realized fairly early on that the story he wanted to tell couldn't be contained in just one book.[2] The American Library Association picked Abarat as one of its Best Books for Young Adults.[3]
Plot
Abarat focuses on Candy Quackenbush, a teenage girl bored of her life in Chickentown, Minnesota. After an argument with her teacher over a school project, Candy leaves the school and goes to the edge of town, where she sees the remains of a lighthouse. She then encounters a master thief named John Mischief, whose brothers live on his horns. Because he is being followed by a sinister creature named Mendelson Shape, Mischief sends Candy to light the lamp in the lighthouse, which summons the seas of the Abarat, a parallel world. After giving her a key to protect and extingushing the light, Mischief and Candy ride the seas to Abarat. A group of creatures carry them to a nearby island where Candy is separated from him. On the island, Candy learns that the Abarat consists of twenty-five islands, each occupying a different hour of the day. The Abarat was also connected to Candy's world before the harbor was destroyed by Abaratian authorities.
Islands of the Abarat
The Abarat series are set on the "Islands of Abarat", of which each is based around a time of day (except the island based on the 25th hour). These islands are mounted in the Sea of Izabella, an ocean sometimes personnified by the characters. Together, they compose what is described as "a limitless world" encompassing "chaotic diversity" called Abarat. Below are descriptions based on what the character Samuel Hastrim Klepp, author of the popular Klepp's Almenak, has to say about each of the islands:
1:00 a.m. The Pyramids of Xuxux
"There is no quieter place in the Abarat" than at One o'Clock in the morning, where the six Pyramids of Xuxux rise out of the dark and uncannily placid waters of the Izabella. Some have suggested that these pyramids and the Ziggurat of Soma Plume at 5:00 p.m. were designed by the same hand and built by the same masons. The writer of Klepp's Almenak, the omnipresent traveller's guide to the Abarat, disagrees, claiming that the tombs at Soma Plume are "calm and curiously reassuring places" whereas the six pyramids at Xuxux are "sites of mystery and tragedy". The character Christopher Carrion uses the pyramids as a breeding-ground for the ravenous, chaotically diverse, monstrous insects known as the Sacbrood.
2:00 a.m. Idjit
Klepp described Idjit as an island of "immense charm", never visited when he was sober. Idjit is an island that "encourages excesses, a kind of happy foolishness". It shares with neighbouring Gorgossium a "spiky, barren topography", while storms rage perpetually about the landscape. It has been calculated that a visitor to Idjit is more likely to be struck by lightning than a man on the roosts of Efreet is to be hit by bird excrement. The result is either instant death (as in the human world) or euphoria.
3:00 a.m. Pyon
Pyon is described as having been "once a quiet island, but no longer. The work of an entrepreneur by the name of Rojo Pixler has transformed the island utterly. It was Pixler's dream (some have said folly) to build the biggest city in the archipelago on Pyon, its light so bright that the darkness of the Hour would be a grand irrelevance". Hence, Commexo City; a Las Vegas-like tourists' paradise whose image Pixler seeks to impose on the entire archipelago.
4:00 a.m. Isle of the Black Egg
Here lie the Pius Mountains, a range of needle-sharp crags that are the tallest natural phenomenon on the islands. These are the home of peaceful, mountain-dwelling villagers, as well as of passionate revolutionaries. Klepp claims to have "discovered to date two hundred and seventeen explanations for the name [of the island], each contradicting the next. As I cannot distinguish the value of any one explanation over any other, and it seems arbitrary to simply pick one for retelling here," Klepp adds, "I'd prefer to simply state that nobody knows how the island got its name and leave it at that".
5:00 a.m. Speckle Frew
Speckle Frew is geographically an uneventful island; the earth is sandy and covered with fine, sharped-edged grass, while the wind is always howling. Though the terrain is scarcely varied, the island is home to a wide variety of species, most of them dangerous. Three are named: the Naught, the Scab-Faced Snouter, and the Rife. Being the habitat of such animals, Speckle Frew is called "a bestiary" and "not to be trespassed lightly". Despite this, some comments by two characters in the first book imply that it is at least in part open to human habitation. It is suggested to be a quiet landing-point by a seafaring character called a "Sea-Skipper", and a mystic named Mariah Cappella is said to have lived there. Mariah's son is Finnegan Hob, a figure of some importance to the story.
6:00 a.m. Efreet
Unlike its neighbour Speckle Frew, Efreet was once an island of great sophistication. The city of Koy, considered to have been the most cultured city in the Abarat, was built on the lower steppes of the island. Opinions vary as to how long it stood and why it fell, but what remains of the city - rows of pillars, archways, and frescoes - testifies to a site of elegance and learning.
7:00 a.m. Autland
Autland is joined to Efreet by the Gilholly Bridge. There is a palace on Autland, built for Queen Muzzel McCray, to a design that appeared to her in a dream, or so local legend dictates. The Queen's husband was a creature called Nimbus, Lord of the Tarrie-cats. Nimbus still lives in McCray's palace, inside the dream - so to speak - of the woman he loved.
8:00 a.m. Obadiah
This is an island of extraordinary flora. Here a visitor will find strange and sometimes aggressive plants growing in virtually inexhaustible profusion. Some have called Obadiah the Elegiac's Garden, and suggested it may have been a laboratory in which the mythic Creators of Abarat, A'zo and Cha, experimented with the evolution of life.
9:00 a.m. Qualm Hah
This is a puzzling place to explore, because it has two distinct faces. At the western edge of the island stands the busy seaport of Tazmagor, where the food is good, the people happy, and the air filled with the din of extemporised songs. Outside the bounds of Tazmagor, toward the eastern end of the island, the land is empty. Nobody builds there, and no one gives a reason for not doing so; this, says Klepp, is peculiar, given how crowded Tazmagor has become.
10:00 a.m. Spake
This is a mountainous island having many cypress trees on its lower slopes. On its heights, above the trees, stands a simple stage, which has been used for performances of every kind - circuses, slapsticks, and High Tragedy - since the beginning of known time. By a consequence of the island's location, the Theatre is every three days shrouded in a mist that blows from the southeast, surrounding the hill. Tiny flames litter this dark fog and magically illuminate the dramas that are performed on the heights of the hill.
11:00 a.m. Nully
Topographically speaking, the island merits little study, but it is the location of one of the Abarat's most extraordinary buildings: the Repository of Remembrance, which is the Abarat's most famous museum. The toys of emperors, the rag dolls of queens, and other now useless but historically and sentimentally valuable objects are kept here.
12:00 p.m. (noon) Yzil
The island of Yzil is a lush and temperate forest. Here lives the Princess Breath, a figure of Abaratian legend who by her exhalations creates live things, which are then wafted through the air until they arrive at some suitable habitat. She is mentioned in the first book and seen in the second book by characters Malingo and Candy.
1:00 p.m. Hobarookus
Hobarookus is a small, rocky, swampy island inhabited by pirates and buccaneers. The food produced there is prepared by the best cooks in the Abarat, because of the hour's use as a lunch time. Kalukwa birds, a species of bird whose eggs hatch downy human babies every ninth year, are common throughout the swampy areas, called the Sinks. These babies are commonly taken and raised by the pirates.
2:00 p.m. Orlando's Cap
Orlando's Cap is a small, ill-favored island. It is here that an insane asylum is located, because the founder believed that the 2:00 hour promotes healing in the soul. Patients are apparently allowed the run of the islands, and have been given permission to follow artistic disciplines, which means that there are many weird and wonderful sculptures and objects created by the patients. It is probably based on the historical Alcatraz Island, which was also the site of an asylum for the insane.
3:00 p.m. The Nonce
The Nonce is a beautiful, drowsy island. Most people who visit fall asleep quickly, and dream about the beginning of the world. This implies that the Nonce is the site of that event. It is also notable for its torrential rainstorms, which wreak havoc on the native plants before becoming the water supply of new growth. This new growth takes the form of a rainforest so biologically diverse that there is often little separation between plants and animals. The name "nonce" means "the immediate" or "the moment at hand".
4:00 p.m. Gnomon
This island is riddled with the ruins of temples and Oracles. On many parts of the island, the air is filled with thousands of whispering voices, all sounding at once. It is believed that these are the voices of the ghosts of the inhabitants of Gnomon. There are many roads on the island that lead to nowhere, thus leading to the speculation that Gnomon was once part of the island of Soma Plume. Whether this would violate the accepted correspondence of hours to islands is not revealed.
5:00 p.m. Soma Plume
Soma Plume is a large island, twice the size of Gnomon. It houses the Great Noahic Ziggurat, a place that has been used for burial of the dead for many generations.
6:00 p.m. Babilonium
This island is not the largest in the archepelago; but given the amount of entertainment found on it, it could be many times its size. It consists of a single, immense carnival, encompassing rides, comedic plays, freak shows, and all other manners of entertainment.
7:00 p.m. Scoriae
Scoriae is the meeting place of night and day, also known as the 'Island of Lengthening Shadows'. It has on it a live volcano known as Galigali, as well as the Twilight Palace, once belonging to King Claus of Day. Galigali has destroyed 3 great cities in its time: Gosh, Divinium, and Mycassius. Not one person survived the eruptions. Stark ruins of the cities, as well as the Twilight Palace, still remain.
8:00 p.m. Yebba Dim Day
This island, also known as the Great Head, is a sort of informal capital of the islands. It is, in fact, fashioned in the shape of a giant humanoid head and shoulders in the likeness of its late owner Gorki Doodat. It is a labyrinth of tunnels on the inside, and the outside is mostly covered by shabby dwellings, save for the half-dozen high towers atop the statue's cranium. Some of these towers are said to contain individuals of immeasurable age. This island is Candy's first destination in the Abarat.
9:00 p.m. Huffaker
Huffaker is a large island, peppered with huge rock formations resembling natural caverns and cathedrals, the largest of which being Hap's Vault. Lydia Hap, after whom this cavern was named, claims that the Vault (which she refers to as the Chamber of the Skein) is in fact the origin of the so-called Abaratic Skein, a thread of light which connects everything in every world to everything else.
10:00 p.m. Ninnyhammer
This island has almost no noteworthy characteristics, save for a small town known as High Sladder, which has been taken over by the tribe of feral tarrie-cats. On the northeast side of the island is the wizard Kasper Wolfswinkel's house, which some have mistaken for a giant eye or temple upon seeing the glass observatory in the roof. This house has traditionally been inhabited by wizards or magicians, but little else is said of it. Its dome is broken early on; but the remnants retain the power of magnifying both the image of the viewer inside and the objects he sees outside.
11:00 p.m. Jibarish
This is a mostly barren island, on which the rock is fluid, fire is cold, water is like iron, and the air changes any spoken word into complete gibberish, hence the name. Jibarish is a place of paradoxes and confusion. The island is occupied by a tribe of women, who cause the changes. Men are not welcome here.
12:00 a.m. (Midnight) Gorgossium
The island of Midnight is a dark mountain cloaked in red mists. On top is the fortress Iniquisit, a palace of thirteen towers (of which only one is still standing by the end of the second book). The Carrion clan has occupied this Hour long before the emergence of any written record. Rumored features on the island include a forest of gallows and a garden of flesh-eating plants. This island is, until the second book, home to the Prince of Midnight, Christopher Carrion and his grandmother. He is generally known as the cruelest and most evil person in all of the islands of the Abarat, though his cruelty is surpassed by that of his grandmother, Mater Motley, who is said in the second book to have destroyed twelve of the towers.
The 25th Hour/Odom's Spire
The Twenty-Fifth Hour, commonly called by other names including "Odom's Spire", "Whence", and "the Time Out of Time". It is the home of Diamanda, Joephi, and Mespa, the three sisters of the Fantomaya. The Fantomaya are three powerful, wise enchantresses, who immerse themselves in the constant stream of memories that permeate the Spire. They are the guardians of this stream of memories, which encompass all histories of the universe. The island is also home to Abraham Hollow, a territorial warden, and to his assistants Tempus and Julius, who are called the Fugit Brothers.
Though there are other small landmasses amongst the larger Islands of the archipelago, few of them are large enough to be considered "islands". Few of these landmasses have names. Most notable is the small, desolate collection of boulders known as Vesper's Rock. As the small Rock is near Gorgossium and small enough not to be obvious, it is used by Christopher Carrion to perform various magical acts away from the sight of Mater Motley. Another "rock of distinction" (as such are called in the books) is Alice Point, a now defunct viewing station from which people were formerly able to catch glimpses of the Time Out of Time.
Character histories
Candy Quackenbush
Candy, the heroine of the series, is a sixteen-year-old misfit (notably with heterochromia; her left eye is brown, while the right is blue) from Chickentown, a small township located in Minnesota. As one would suspect, Chickentown is completely about chickens, and nothing but chickens, which sickens Candy. Her teachers and peers mock her, whereas her verbally and physically abusive father fails to understand her, her also abused mother unable to do anything for her. After walking out on school after a harsh scolding by her teacher Miss Schwartz, Candy soon finds herself in a field of grass on the edge of town. Amongst other things, Candy here discovers a large, dilapidated tower. Her encounter in the field with John Mischief and his brothers begins the series of events which eventually leads her to the Islands of the Abarat. Her many adventures slowly begin to reveal Candy as the reincarnation of the late Princess Boa, a figure of great positive significance.
John Mischief
John Mischief and his seven brothers share a single body: that of Mischief, who has antlers on his head. From these antlers sprout seven smaller heads, each of them a particular brother with his own unique personality. Their names are John Fillet, John Sallow, John Moot, John Drowze, John Pluckitt, John Serpent, [and] John Slop. Together, the eight of them are master thieves, and as such are wanted for grand larceny on several Hours. They are the first Abaratians Candy meets. Later they volunteer for a digging job on the Nonce, searching for a man called Finnegan Hob, in a bid to escape the island of Yebba Dim Day.
The Fantomaya
The Fantomaya are three old women who dwell on Odom's Spire, the 25th Hour. They are Diamanda, an old wise-woman; Joephi, who subtly appears feral; and Mespa, who is dark-skinned and has eyes the color of the night sky. They are very mysterious, and little is known about them, other than the implication that they have the power and will to aid Candy in her inadvertent quest to save the Abarat from Christopher Carrion and his grandmother and the statement that they constantly study and protect the history of the universe. Diamanda is revealed eventually to have been an ordinary woman dwelling in Chickentown (then called "Murkitt" after her husband's ancestors), who left the human world and joined the sisterhood some time after her marriage. This may be taken to imply that the Fantomaya are mortals who have chosen their positions voluntarily and have been changed in the process.
Princess Boa
Daughter of King Claus, who is implied to be the last ruler of the Islands of Day. Princess Boa is said to have been the Abarat's hope for concilation between Day and Night, the two warring factions of the Abarat, until her own death. Shortly after this event, the Fantomaya transferred her soul into the unborn Candy, triggering Candy's role as protagonist and giving her immense ability of magic. She is said to have been very compassionate and inspiring of affection or devotion in people she met.
Christopher Carrion
Also known as the Prince of Midnight or the "Nightmare Man", Christopher Carrion is described as being "As evil as evil comes". His grandmother, Thant Yeyla Carrion, once sewed his lips shut for saying the word "love", leaving him scarred for life. Although he once believed he could love and be good, this belief was spoiled when his offer of marriage was rejected by Princess Boa, whereupon he ordered her to be killed. His nightmares take physical shape as serpentine creatures residing in a fishbowl-like tank which forms a collar around his neck and the lower half of his face. Tubes attached to the back of his skull allow the nightmares free passage from the depths of his mind to the bluish fluid which fills this collar. These nightmares are used to punish and torture others, and seem to respond to his commands as with intelligence. He seems to have taken an unexplained interest in Candy, and seems intent on taking her alive when he could have had her killed. Candy, like Boa before her, rejects his advances. Carrion is shown being swept in the flood leaving Chickentown in the second book, weakened by a power struggle with his grandmother. It is unconfirmed as of yet whether or not he survived.
Thant Yeyla Carrion
Commonly known as Mater Motley or the Hag, Thant Yeyla is Christopher Carrion's grandmother. It is hinted that she has been alive for an extraordinarily long amount of time. This wizened matriarch has access to impressive intelligence, as evidenced by her knowing of events occurring in Abarat before even her grandson knows of them. Mater Motley commands a cabal of handpicked seamstress-witches that assist and attend to her. She spends her time sewing stitchlings — animated beings made out of leather, cloth, and a substance known as Todo mud — to help complete a plan to lay siege on the Islands of Day. She and Christopher were the only members of the Carrion clan to have survived the fire that destroyed their mansion on Pyon. In the second book, Mater Motley is revealed to have started the fire so that she might "save" Christopher and control him. When he rejects her control, she attacks him and ultimately assumes dictatorship of Gorgossium.
Finnegan Hob
The son of a Prince of Day and a witch from Speckle Frew, Finnegan was a young would-be hero who offered to marry Princess Boa, but was deprived of his bride by a dragon acting under the orders of Christopher Carrion. Thereafter Finnegan set out to interrogate the dragon's family, hoping to discover the truth behind the assassination; but through some undisclosed series of events, this quest devolved into a crusade wherein Finnegan exterminated whole families of dragons in revenge for the loss of Boa. He was discovered by several former companions of his, who had enlisted John Mischief and a clairvoyant named Tria to find him, and persuaded to join their search to rescue Candy. He is described as a young man having dark skin, red hair, and green eyes; illustrations of him corroborate this and show his hair, which is in dreadlocks, radiating around his face like a halo.
Malingo
Malingo is a geshrat; an orange-skinned humanoid having prehensile feet, four small horns on the top of his head, yellow eyes, and fan-shaped ears. He is a good climber and knows a small amount of magic, which is sometimes useful to him. He was a slave to the magician Kaspar Wolfswinkel -who beat him daily- before Candy arrived on Ninnyhammer and freed him. Malingo later became captain of a ship whose crew was composed of Candy's allies.
Kaspar Wolfswinkel
An obnoxious, arrogant, cruel, deceitful, absurd, egocentric, alcoholic, treacherous, skillful magician dwelling on the island of Ninnyhammer. Kaspar Wolfswinkel is stated to have been a member of a circle of magicians based on the Nonce before his vow of loyalty to Christopher Carrion, at whose orders Wolfswinkel murdered the other magicians of the circle. Because their magical powers had been set into the hats they wore, Wolfswinkel had no choice but to wear all of these hats simultaneously when working magic, much to his annoyance. Wearing these hats, he was able to perform several feats of psychokinesis including manipulation of objects, ignition of fires, and the creation of artificial life. Upon the removal of the hats, his control over the object of his intention would cease to function. Wolfswinkel is an addict to rum and is most often clad in a bright yellow suit that appears to be made of banana skin. He is frequently made to seem ridiculous, both as himself and as the villain of a play lampooning his fights with Candy Quackenbush, whom he attempted to give as a prisoner to Christopher Carrion. In the second book, Kaspar accompanied Carrion to the human world, where he (Kaspar) revealed to Candy the fact that she is the reincarnation of Princess Boa. Moments later, Kaspar suffered a heart seizure and died.
Rojo Pixler
A cunning, greedy, ambitious entrepreneur living on the island Pyon, which he purchased from Christopher Carrion following the destruction of the latter's mansion there. Pixler is described as a small man having orange hair and suspicious eyes, and is shown in an illustration to have an orange moustache and goatee. He is said to have acquired Pyon and begun its commercialization after some time spent as a travelling peddler of toys; during his time as such, he purchased a triptych stolen by John Mischief that displayed an image of the entire Abarat as seen from above and is suggested to have used this as a blueprint for his later plans. These plans include the transformation of Pyon described above in addition to a similar transformation of the entire Abarat. At the time of the story, Pixler has, with the aid of various magicians and scientists, created a commercial empire and near-monopoly in the Abaratian economy, making him or his megacorporation one of the Abarat's greatest political figures and causing some characters to believe that he is a great threat to nonbiological diversity. This statement is supported by narration and storyline, as well as by the description of Pixler himself, making him a prominent villain.
Jimothi Tarrie
Described in the second book as "the most humanoid of the tarries", Jimothi is the leader of the anthropomorphic felines known as "tarrie-cats", who live on Ninnyhammer. Jimothi is Candy's friend and a longtime, perhaps hereditary enemy of the forces of Gorgossium. He is described and portrayed as a human-sized, catlike creature having dark orange fur and luminous eyes, and an illustration shows him to be clad in a blue-green shirt. He is learned in the history and antiquity of the Abarat, and is therefore one of the figures who fear and distrust Rojo Pixler. Until the second book, wherein Ninnyhammer was overrun by Mater Motley, Jimothi and the other tarrie-cats prevented Kaspar Wolfswinkel from leaving the island and were therefore his constant source of frustration. In the first book, Jimothi assisted Candy's escape from Carrion's bounty hunter, Otto Houlihan, by distracting the latter until Candy was out of his reach.
Otto Houlihan
Otto Houlihan, called the "Criss-Cross Man", presumably on account of the checkered pattern marked on his cheek, is Christopher Carrion's notorious bounty hunter and assassin. He pursues Candy Quackenbush and Malingo the geshrat until the second book, wherein he is killed during Candy's release of the beings called "Totemix" from the "Cabinet of Wonders" wherein they had been kept.
Filth the Munkee
Filth, introduced in the second book, is a primate-like creature described as "a monkey... with a distinctly human cast to his crooked face". He is said to have been jester to King Claus of Day until the death of Princess Boa and still lives in the Twilight Palace, where Candy encounters him after her escape from Otto Houlihan on the island of Babilonium. It is Filth who reveals the history of Princess Boa and the existence of King Claus's "Cabinet of Wonders" to Candy. He is implied, after the release of the Totemix, to believe that Candy is Boa's reincarnation.
Prince Quiffin
The brother of Princess Boa, Quiffin is the Prince of Day and his sister's confidante until her death. He is known to have advised her in favor of marriage to Christopher Carrion.
Samuel Hastrim Klepp
This is the inherited name of the author of Klepp's Almenak, the travellers' guide to the Abarat published in Yebba Dim Day, Tazmagor, and two other cities. The Almenak's founder is Samuel the First, and its current publisher is Samuel the Fifth, who appears briefly in the first book and serves in part to reveal the history of the Abarat's interaction with the human world and some of its geography. Both are said to be essentially human in appearance, though the illustration of Samuel the Fifth may leave this unclear. He (Samuel the Fifth) is shown to be amiable and generous, though somewhat untidy, and outspoken against Rojo Pixler's operations. He does not appear in the second book except in relation to his ancestral publication, which is consulted by travellers throughout the Abarat.
Critical reception
In 2002, Abarat was nominated for the 2002 Bram Stoker Award for Best Work for Young Readers,[4] and won 2nd place in the 2003 Locus Poll for the Best Young Adult Novel.
Publishers Weekly reviewed it as "...The author's imagination runs wild as he conjures some striking imagery ("Dark threads of energy moved through her veins and leaped from her fingertips" says one of the three women in the opening scene) and cooks up a surreal stew of character portraits (rendered in bold colors and brushwork, they resemble some of Van Gogh's later work). But much of the novel feels like a wind-up for the books to follow and, after this rather unwieldy 400-page ride, readers may be disappointed by so many unresolved strands of the plot."
School Library Journal said "...Barker is obviously more comfortable in the Abarat than he is in our more mundane world; the chapters that take place in Chickentown don't seem fully developed. Once Candy is safely in the fantastical realm, however, the story takes off. The rendering of the Abarat's locales, cultures, and mythology, combined with the author's own full-color illustrations and well-realized characters, allows readers to become quickly immersed in this beautiful and frightening world. In spite of a less-than-credible, almost preternatural calm in the face of the bizarre, Candy makes a fine protagonist, displaying strength, vulnerability, and a lack of the forced spunkiness displayed by some adventurous heroines. This first book in a series of four sets the stage nicely for what is sure to be a rollicking, epic ride."
Footnotes
- ^ Pauley, Kimberly (November 2004). "Authors: Interviews: Clive Barker". YA & Kids Books Central. http://www.yabookscentral.com/cfusion/index.cfm?fuseAction=authors.interview&interview_id=73. Retrieved 2008-11-04.
- ^ Winter, Douglas E. (2002). Clive Barker: The Dark Fantastic. Harper Colllins. ISBN 0-06-621392-4.
- ^ "2003 Best Books for Young Adults". American Library Association. http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/yalsa/booklistsawards/bestbooksya/annotations/2003bestbooks.cfm. Retrieved 10 October 2009.
- ^ "Past Stoker Nominees & Winners". Horror Writers Association. http://www.horror.org/stokerwinnom.htm#2002. Retrieved 25 October 2009.
References
- Barker, Clive- Appendix (or "Klepp's Almanac") found in the back of Abarat, HarperCollins publishers, 2002
- Barker, Clive- Abarat, HarperCollins publishers, 2002
- The Official Clive Barker Resource
- The Official HarperCollins Abarat site
- ^ Pauley, Kimberly (November 2004). "Authors: Interviews: Clive Barker". YA & Kids Books Central. http://www.yabookscentral.com/cfusion/index.cfm?fuseAction=authors.interview&interview_id=73. Retrieved 2008-11-04.
- ^ Winter, Douglas E. (2002). Clive Barker: The Dark Fantastic. Harper Colllins. ISBN 0-06-621392-4.
- ^ "2003 Best Books for Young Adults". American Library Association. http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/yalsa/booklistsawards/bestbooksya/annotations/2003bestbooks.cfm. Retrieved 10 October 2009.
- ^ "Past Stoker Nominees & Winners". Horror Writers Association. http://www.horror.org/stokerwinnom.htm#2002. Retrieved 25 October 2009.
External links
- The Beautiful Moment - The Official Clive Barker Website for All Ages - Official site celebrating the work of Clive Barker for younger readers - features Abarat and The Thief of Always.
- Official Site of the Books of Abarat
- Revelations - The Official Clive Barker Online Resource - Includes a full bibliography, filmography and frequently updated news.
- Abarat
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