Acaricide

This article is about pesticides that kill mites. For drugs to treat roundworm infections, see ascaricides.

Acaricides are pesticides that kill members of the arachnid order Acari group, which includes ticks and mites. Acaricides are used both in medicine and agriculture, although the desired selective toxicity differs between the two fields.

Terminology

More specific words are sometimes used, depending upon the targeted group:

• "Ixodicides" are substances that kill ticks.^[1]
• "Miticides" are substances that kill mites.
• The term scabicide is more narrow, and refers to agents specifically targeting Sarcoptes.
• The term "arachnicide" is more general, and refers to agents that target arachnids. This term is used much more rarely, but occasionally appears in informal writing.

As a practical matter, mites are a paraphyletic grouping, and mites and ticks are usually treated as a single group.

Examples

Examples include:

• Permethrin can be applied as a spray. The effects are not limited to mites: lice, cockroaches, fleas, mosquitos, and other insects will be affected. Permethrin, however, is not known to seriously harm most mammals or birds, as it has a low mammalian toxicity and is poorly absorbed by skin.
• Ivermectin can be prescribed by a medical doctor to rid humans of mite and lice infestations, and agricultural formulations are available for infested birds and rodents.
• Antibiotic miticides
• Carbamate miticides
• Formamidine miticides
• Organophosphate miticides
• Diatomaceous earth will also kill mites by disrupting their cuticles, which dries out the mites.
• Dicofol, a compound structurally related to the insecticide DDT, is a miticide that is effective against the red spider mite Tetranychus urticae.
• Lime sulfur is effective against sarcoptic mange. It is made by mixing hydrated lime, sulfur, and water, and boiling for about 45 minutes. Lime can bond with as much as four times its weight of sulfur. The strongest concentrate is diluted 1:32 before saturating the skin (avoiding the eyes), applied at six-day intervals.
• Nonpesticide miticides act by causing desiccation, but are not a diatomaceous earth (which contain crystalline silica, potentially dangerous by inhalation), but made from a patented mix of food-grade components, one to breach the cuticle and one to ensure rapid, reliable desiccation. They can be dusted as powder or sprayed in aqueous solution.

See also

• Ascaricides, drugs to treat roundworm infections
• Ticks of domestic animals

References

External links

• Pest Control Information - National Pesticide Information Center

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