Akhelóos

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Acheloos
Origin	Pindus mountains
Mouth	Ionian Sea 38°19′53″N 21°6′5″E / 38.33139°N 21.10139°E / 38.33139; 21.10139Coordinates: 38°19′53″N 21°6′5″E / 38.33139°N 21.10139°E / 38.33139; 21.10139
Basin countries	Greece
Length	217 km

The Acheloos River marked on a satellite image. Labels in German.

The Achelous (Greek: Αχελώος), also Acheloos, is a river in western Greece. It formed the boundary between Acarnania and Aetolia of antiquity. It empties into the Ionian Sea. In ancient times its spirit was venerated as the river god Achelous.

Herodotus, taking notice of the shoreline-transforming power of the Acheloos River, even compared it to the Nile in this respect:

'There are other rivers as well which, though not as large as the Nile, have had substantial results. In particular (although I could name others), there is the Achelous, which flows through Acarnania into the sea and has already turned half the Echinades islands into mainland.' (2.10, trans. Waterfield)

The previous name was Thoas. It is rarely known as Thestios and Axenos.^{[citation needed]}

Course

The river Achelous begins at about 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) elevation on the eastern slope of Lakmos mountain in the Pindus range, near the village Anthousa in the westernmost part of the Trikala regional unit. One of its first tributaries is the Aspropotamos, meaning the white river.

The river flows generally southwards, and forms part of the boundary between the regional units of Arta and Trikala, which is also the boundary between Epirus and Thessaly. Further downstream, it forms the boundary of Arta and Karditsa, and further of Aetolia-Acarnania and Evrytania. The river runs into the Kremasta reservoir, which is also fed by the rivers Agrafiotis and Megdovas.

On exiting the Kremasta reservoir, the river flows southwest into Aetolia-Acarnania, feeding the Kastraki reservoir, west of the Panaitoliko range. 10 to 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) downstream from this lake, it flows into the Stratos reservoir. Further downstream, it runs through the lowlands west of Agrinio. It finally empties into the Ionian Sea, 29 km west of Missolonghi.

Settlements

In order from upstream to downstream:

• Katafyto
• Gardiki
• Mesochora
• Koryfi
• Myrofyllo
• Petroto
• Grimpiana
• Mesopyrgos
• Neo Argyri
• Tripotamo
• Kastraki
• Stratos
• Palaiomanina
• Gouria
• Neochori

Acheloos River in mythology

Main article Achelous.

History

In 1359 the Battle of Achelous between Albanian forces under Peter Losha and the Despotate of Epirus under Nikephoros II Orsini took place near the river Achelous. Nikephoros II was defeated and killed during the battle, and two new states were established in the area the Despotate of Arta and the Despotate of Angelokastron and Lepanto.^[1]

In the 1960s, the dam project in the Aitoloacarnania-Evrytania boundary was under construction. The area is not forested. The dam was under construction and the type is a concrete dam. It took years to complete and the flooding of the portion of the western part of the prefecture of Eurytania began. The dam includes a power station with transformer lines in the east. The dam powers electricity for the western part of Greece and the central part. It caused some soil erosion in some flooded valleys. Another dam which is named the Katsiki Dam is downstream. The arch bridges includes the Karafilio and the Ardanovo.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Acheloos River

External links

• http://www.water-technology.net/projects/acheloos
• Ancient Greece Iconography at Beazley Archive (Oxford University)
• http://www.bartleby.com/65/ak/Akheloos.html - Columbia Encyclopedia
• http://www.geocities.com/sjogurka/akheloos.html (Archived 2009-10-24)
• http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761580324/Akheloos.html (Archived 2009-10-31) - MSN Encarta
• http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/A/Akheloos.html
• Ecoguides on Achelous
• TV2 Travel Channel on Achelous
• Aspropotamos River
• http://www.vourgarelinet.gr/axioth/aheloos/aheloos.htm (in Greek)
• http://www.evrytan.gr/up0/Ta_Potamia_mas1.htm (in Greek)
• http://www.tee.gr/online/epikaira/2000/2123/pg026.shtml (in Greek)
• http://www.aspropotamos.com/aspros-history.htm (in Greek)
• http://www.trikalasport.gr/exormisis/prin2003/axeloos.html (in Greek) - Trikalasport.gr
• http://www.kliafas.com/aspros0.htm (in Greek)
• http://books.google.com/books?id=03fC3lCOGlsC&pg=PA328&dq=Stratos+Hydroelectric+Dam&hl=en&ei=DlvxS5r4NcL88AbIp7H-Cg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=book-thumbnail&resnum=1&ved=0CC0Q6wEwAA#v=onepage&q=Stratos%20Hydroelectric%20Dam&f=false

Sources