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Adefovir

 
Drug Info: Adefovir

Brand names: Hepsera®

Chemical formula:



Adefovir Dipivoxil Oral tablet

What is this medicine?

ADEFOVIR (a DEF o veer) is an antiviral medicine. It is used to treat chronic hepatitis B. This medicine will not cure or prevent hepatitis B infection. It will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections.
 
This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions.

What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine?

They need to know if you have any of these conditions:
•HIV or AIDS
•kidney disease
•an unusual or allergic reaction to adefovir, other medicines, foods, dyes, or preservatives
•pregnant or trying to get pregnant
•breast-feeding

How should I use this medicine?

Take this medicine by mouth with a glass of water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. You can take this medicine with or without food. Take your medicine at regular intervals. Do not take your medicine more often than directed. Take all of your medicine as directed even if you think you are better. Do not skip doses or stop your medicine early.

Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. While this drug may be prescribed for children as young as 12 years of age for selected conditions, precautions do apply.

Overdosage: If you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once.
NOTE: This medicine is only for you. Do not share this medicine with others.

What if I miss a dose?

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you can. If it is almost time for your next dose, take only that dose. Do not take double or extra doses.

What may interact with this medicine?

Do not take this medicine with any of the following medications:
•any medicine that contains tenofovir

This medicine may also interact with the following medications:
•certain antibiotics given by injection (gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, vancomycin)
•cyclosporine
•dofetilide
•NSAIDs, medicines for pain and inflammation, like ibuprofen or naproxen
•medicines for HIV infection or AIDS
•metformin
•pemetrexed
•tacrolimus

This list may not describe all possible interactions. Give your health care provider a list of all the medicines, herbs, non-prescription drugs, or dietary supplements you use. Also tell them if you smoke, drink alcohol, or use illegal drugs. Some items may interact with your medicine.

What should I watch for while using this medicine?

Visit your doctor or health care professional for regular check ups. Discuss any new symptoms with your doctor. You will need to have important blood work done while on this medicine. Blood tests will be used to check your liver function and hepatitis B virus levels.

A worsening of hepatitis can occur after stopping this medicine. Talk to your doctor before you stop taking this medicine. If you must stop the medicine, follow all the directions of your doctor.

Hepatitis B is spread to others through sexual or blood contact. Talk to your doctor about how to stop the spread of hepatitis B. This medicine will not cure hepatitis B infection and you can still get other problems associated with your disease or pass hepatitis B to others.

What side effects may I notice from receiving this medicine?

Side effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible:
•allergic reactions like skin rash, itching or hives, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue
•breathing problems
•dark urine
•dizzy, lightheaded
•fast, irregular heart beat
•fever, chills, or frequent sore throat
•general ill feeling or flu-like symptoms
•light-colored stools
•trouble passing urine or change in the amount of urine
•unusual muscle pain
•unusual stomach pain, such as right upper belly pain
•unusually weak or tired
•yellowing of the eyes or skin

Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your doctor or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome):
•diarrhea
•headache
•indigestion
•itching
•loss of appetite
•nausea

This list may not describe all possible side effects. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Where should I keep my medicine?

Keep out of the reach of children.

Store at room temperature between 15 to 30 degrees C (59 to 86 degrees F). Keep container tightly closed. Throw away any unused medicine after the expiration date.

Last updated: 1/13/2004 1:57:00 PM

Important Disclaimer: The drug information provided here is for educational purposes only. It is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the diagnosis, treatment and advice of a medical professional. This drug information does not cover all possible uses, precautions, side effects and interactions. It should not be construed to indicate that this or any drug is safe for you. Consult your medical professional for guidance before using any prescription or over the counter drugs.

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Wikipedia: Adefovir
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Adefovir
Systematic (IUPAC) name
{[2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)ethoxy]methyl}phosphonic acid
Identifiers
CAS number 106941-25-7
ATC code J05AF08
PubChem 60172
DrugBank APRD00781
ChemSpider 54252
Chemical data
Formula C8H12N5O4P 
Mol. mass 273.186 g/mol
SMILES eMolecules & PubChem
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability 59%
Metabolism  ?
Half life 7.5 hours
Excretion  ?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.

C(US)

Legal status

Prescription only

Routes Oral
Adefovir dipivoxil

Adefovir dipivoxil, previously called bis-POM PMEA, with trade names Preveon and Hepsera, is an orally-administered nucleotide analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (ntRTI).

Contents

Uses

It is used for treatment of hepatitis B.[1][2]

It is a failed treatment for HIV.[3][4]

History

Adefovir was invented in the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic by Antonín Holý, and the drug was developed by Gilead Sciences for HIV with the brand name Preveon. However, in November 1999, an expert panel advised the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) not to approve the drug due to concerns about the severity and frequency of kidney toxicity when dosed at 60 or 120 mg. The FDA followed that advice, refusing to approve adefovir as a treatment for HIV.

Gilead Sciences discontinued its development for HIV treatment in December 1999 but continued to develop the drug for hepatitis B (HBV), where it is effective with a much lower dose of 10 mg. FDA approval for use in the treatment of hepatitis B was granted on September 20, 2002, and adefovir is sold for this indication under the brand name Hepsera.

Adefovir became an approved treatment for HBV in the United States in September 2002 and in the European Union in March 2003.

Mechanism of action

Adefovir works by blocking reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that is crucial for the hepatitis B virus (HBV) to reproduce in the body.

It is approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in adults with evidence of active viral replication and either evidence of persistent elevations in serum aminotransferases (primarily ALT) or histologically active disease.

The main benefit of adefovir over lamivudine (the first NRTI approved for the treatment of hepatitis B) is that it takes a much longer period of time before the virus develops resistance to it.

Adefovir dipivoxil contains two pivaloyloxymethyl units, making it a prodrug form of Adefovir.

References

External links


 
 

 

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Drug Info. Gold Standard. Copyright © 2008 by Gold Standard. All rights reserved.  Read more
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