A historical region of southwest France. Ruled by England at various times during the Hundred Years' War, it finally passed to France after 1444.
Agenais
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Ag·e·nais (ä'zhə-nā')  or Ag·e·nois
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A historical region of southwest France. Ruled by England at various times during the Hundred Years' War, it finally passed to France after 1444.
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Agenais, or Agenois, was a former province of France located in southwest France south of Périgord.[1]
In ancient Gaul the region was the country of the Nitiobroges with Aginnum for their capital, which in the fourth century was the Civitas Agennensium, which was a part of Aquitania Secunda and which formed the diocese of Agen. Having in general shared the fortunes of Aquitaine during the Merovingian and Carolingian periods, Agenais next became an hereditary county in the part of the country now called Gascony (Vasconia).
In 1038 this county was purchased by the dukes of Aquitaine, counts of Poitiers. The marriage of Eleanor of Aquitaine with Henry Plantagenet in 1152 brought it under the sway of England; but when Richard Coeur-de-Lion married his sister Joan to Raymund VI, Count of Toulouse, in 1196, Agenais formed part of the princess's dowry; and with the other estates of the last independent count of Toulouse. At the 1259 Treaty of Paris, Louis IX of France agreed to pay to pay an annual rent Henry III of England for Louis' possession of Agenais.[2] The estates of Agenais lapsed to the crown of France in 1271.
This, however, was not for long; the king of France had to recognize the prior rights of the king of England to the possession of the county, and restored it to him in 1279. During the Hundred Years' War between the English and the French Agenais was frequently taken and retaken, the final retreat of the English in 1453 at last leaving the king of France in peaceable possession.
Thenceforth Agenais was no more than an administrative term. At the end of the Ancien Régime it formed part of the Gouvernement of Guienne, and at the Revolution it was incorporated in the département of Lot-et-Garonne, of which it constitutes nearly the whole. The title of count of Agenais, which the kings of England had allowed to fall into desuetude, was revived by the kings of France, and in 1789 was held by the family of the dukes of Richelieu.
References
- ^ Mish, Frederick C., Editor in Chief. “Agenais.” Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary. 9th ed. Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster Inc., 1985. ISBN 0-87779-508-8, ISBN 0-87779-509-6 (indexed), and ISBN 0-87779-510-X (deluxe).
- ^ Harry Rothwell (Editor) English Historical Documents 1189-1327, Routledge, 1996, ISBN 0415143683
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica, Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
- Richard Stillwell, ed. Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, 1976: "Aginnum (Agen), Lot-et-Garonne, France"
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 | Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. © 2006 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more |
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