Al-Qadr
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Al-Qadr (sura)
| سورة القدر Sūrat al-Qadr Power |
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| Classification | Meccan |
| Other names (Eng.) | Fate, The Majesty, Destiny |
| Position | Juz' 30 |
| Structure | 5 verses |
Sūrat al-Qadr (Arabic: سورة القدر) (Power, Fate) is the 97th sura of the Qur'an with 5 ayat. It is a Meccan sura.
إِنَّآ أَنزَلۡنَـٰهُ فِى لَيۡلَةِ ٱلۡقَدۡرِ
We have indeed revealed this (Message) in the Night of Power: (1)
وَمَآ أَدۡرَٮٰكَ مَا لَيۡلَةُ ٱلۡقَدۡرِ
And what will explain to thee what the Night of Power is? (2)
لَيۡلَةُ ٱلۡقَدۡرِ خَيۡرٌ۬ مِّنۡ أَلۡفِ شَہۡرٍ۬
The Night of Power is better than a thousand Months. (3)
تَنَزَّلُ ٱلۡمَلَـٰٓٮِٕكَةُ وَٱلرُّوحُ فِيہَا بِإِذۡنِ رَبِّہِم مِّن كُلِّ أَمۡرٍ۬
The angels and the Spirit descend therein, by the permission of their Lord, with all decrees. (4)
سَلَـٰمٌ هِىَ حَتَّىٰ مَطۡلَعِ ٱلۡفَجۡرِ
It's all Peace!... until the rise of dawn (Morning Sun)! (5)
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Contents
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Summary, Lines 1-5
This sura describes Laylat al-Qadr, the "Night of Power" in Ramadan on which Muslims believe the Qur'an was first revealed. The "Spirit" mentioned in verse 4 is commonly interpreted as referring to the angel Jibreel (Gabriel). The "peace" referred to is called by Mujahid "security in which Shaytan (Iblis) cannot do any evil or any harm", while Ibn Kathir quotes Ash-Sha'bi as saying that it refers to the angels greeting the people in the mosques throughout the night.
Laylat al-Qadr occurs during an odd-numbered night within the last ten days of Ramadan, but its exact date is uncertain; due to the promises made in the sura and in various hadith. Muslims consider it a particularly good time for prayer, supplication, and repentance to God. This event marks the decent of the first revelation of the Quran to Earth. The official Islamic teaching is that the Islamic prophet Muhammad received the revelations that formed the Quran piecemeal for the next twenty-three years of his life up until the time of his death.
Alternative interpretation by scholars
Already in 1939, the British orientalist and Qur'an-translator, Richard Bell, commented on the similarities between the events mentioned this sura and the Nativity of Jesus in canonical gospels [2]
In the newer and controversial Syro-Aramaic interpretation of the Qur'an by German scholar Christoph Luxenberg - who suggests that the Qur'an is largely based on a (misread) Christian Syro-Aramaic lectionary (known in Aramaic as qeryana) - this sura is understood as a Qur'anic version of the birth of Jesus and not of the revelation of the Qur'an. It is interpreted by Luxenberg as an invitation to the Eucharist.[3][4]
External links
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Wikisource has original text related to this article: |
- Al Qadr Learn Surah Al Qadr with Audio at MountHira.com
- Al-Qadr at Sacred Texts
- [1] at QuranExplorer.com
- Quran.com Surah 97
References
- ^ Quran 97:1–5
- ^ R. Bell, The Qur'an, I-II. Edinburgh. 1937, 1939. II, S. 669; Id. Commentary, II, S. 564. Cited in: G.-R. Puin/K.-H. Ohlig, Die dunklen Anfänge: Neue Forschungen zur Entstehung und frühen Geschichte des Islam. Schiler Verlag; 3rd edition. 2006. p. 164f
- ^ Cited in: G.-R. Puin/K.-H. Ohlig, Die dunklen Anfänge: Neue Forschungen zur Entstehung und frühen Geschichte des Islam. Schiler Verlag; 3rd edition. 2006. p. 164
- ^ Chr. Luxenberg, „Weihnachten im Koran“, in: Chr. Burgmer, Streit um den Koran. Berlin. 2005. p. 35; original German translation by Chr. Luxenberg: (1) Wir haben ihn (= den Jesusknaben) in der Nacht der Schicksalsbestimmung (des Geburtssterns) herabkommen lassen. (2) Was weißt du, was die Nacht der Schicksalsbestimmung ist? (3) Die Nacht (= die Nokturn) der Schicksalsbestimmung ist gnadenreicher als tausend Vigilien. (4) Die Engel, vom Geiste (begleitet), bringen darin mit Erlaubnis ihres Herrn allerlei Hymnen herab. (5) Friede ist sie bis zum Anbruch der Morgendämmerung.
| Previous sura: Al-Alaq |
The Qur'an - Sura 97 | Next sura: Al-Bayyina |
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surah al qadr was revealed in Medina
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