Albret

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Original coat of arms of the lords and dukes of Albret.

The lordship (seigneurie) of Albret (Labrit), situated in the Landes, gave its name to one of the most powerful feudal families of France in the Middle Ages. Its members distinguished themselves in the local wars of that epoch; and during the 14th century they espoused the English cause for some time, afterwards transferring their support to the side of France.

Arnaud Amanieu, lord of Albret, helped to take Guienne from the English. His son Charles became constable of France, and was killed at the battle of Agincourt in 1415. Alain the Great, lord of Albret (d. 1522), wished to marry Anne of Brittany, and to that end fought against Charles VIII; but his hopes being defeated by the betrothal of Anne to Maximilian of Austria, he surrendered Nantes to the French in 1486.

At that time the house of Albret had attained considerable territorial importance, due in great part to the liberal grants which it had obtained from successive kings of France. John of Albret, son of Alain, became king of Navarre by his marriage with Catherine of Foix. Their son Henry II, king of Navarre, was created duke of Albret and peer of France in 1550 before he was born in 1553. By his wife Margaret d'Angoulême, sister of Francis I, he had a daughter, Jeanne d'Albret, queen of Navarre, who married Anthony de Bourbon, duke of Vendôme, and became the mother of Henry IV, king of France.

The dukedom of Albret, united to the crown of France by the accession of this prince, was granted to the family of La Tour d'Auvergne (see duc de Bouillon) in 1651, in exchange for Sedan and Raucourt.

To a younger branch of this house belonged Jean d'Albret, seigneur of Orval, count of Dreux and of Rethel, governor of Champagne (d. 1524), who was employed by Francis I in many diplomatic negotiations, more particularly in his intrigues to get himself elected emperor in 1519.

List of the Historical Bible (c. 1355) with d'Albret coat of arms in the corners and a signature of Jeanne d'Albret.

Lords of Albret

• Amanieu I 1050-1060
• Amanieu II 1060-?
• Bernard Ezi I ?-?
• Amanieu III 1100-1130
• Bernard Ezi II 1130-?
• Amanieu IV ?-1174
• Amanieu V 1174-1209
• Amanieu VI 1209-1255
• Amanieu VII 1255-1270
• Bernard Ezi III 1270-1281
• Mathe of Albret, princess 1281-1295
• Isabelle of Albret, princess 1295-1298
• Amanieu VIII 1298-1324
• Bernard Ezi IV 1324-1358
• Arnaud Amanieu I 1358-1401
• Charles I of Albret 1401-1415
• Charles II of Albret 1415-1471
• Jean I of Albret (associated, + before 1471) also known as Jean I, viscount of Tartas
• Alain I of Albret le Grand, 1471–1522
• Jean II of Albret (associated, + 1512)
• Henry I of Albret 1522-1555 King of Navarre as Henry II
• Jeanne d'Albret 1555-1572 Queen of Navarre as Jeanne III of Navarre.
• Henry IV of France 1572- 1610 (son of Jeanne III)

References

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Albret.