| Jean-Baptiste Lully |
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Operas
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Alceste, ou Le triomphe d’Alcide is a tragédie en musique in a prologue and five acts by Jean-Baptiste Lully. The French-language libretto is by Philippe Quinault, after Euripides’ Alcestis. It was first performed at the Paris Opéra on January 19, 1674.
The opera was presented in celebration of King Louis XIV’s victory against Franche-Comté, and the prologue features nymphs longing for his return from battle. The opera itself concerns Alceste, princess of Iolcos and queen of Thessaly, who in the first act is abducted by Licomède (Lycomedes), king of Scyros, with the aid of his sister Thetis, a sea nymph; Aeolus, the god of the winds; and other supernatural forces. In the battle to rescue her, Alcide (Hercules) is triumphant, but Alceste’s husband, Admète (Admetus), suffers a mortal wound. Apollo agrees to let Admète live if someone will take his place in death. Alceste volunteers herself but is rescued by Alcide, who loves her. The opera ends with a celebration of Alceste’s return from the underworld and of Alcide’s noble gallantry in returning her to her husband and relinquishing any claims to her.
Alceste is Lully’s second tragédie en musique, after Cadmus et Hermione.
Contents |
Roles
| Role | Voice type | Premiere Cast, January 19, 1674 (Conductor: – ) |
|---|---|---|
| Nymph of the Seine | soprano | |
| La Gloire | soprano | |
| Nymph of the Tuileries | soprano | |
| Nymph of the Marne | soprano | |
| Alceste, Princess of Iolcos | soprano | |
| Admète, King of Thessaly | haute-contre | |
| Alcide (Hercules), Greek hero | Baritone | |
| Licomède, King of Scyros and brother of Thetis | bass | |
| Lychas, confidant of Alcide | haute-contre | |
| Straton, confidant of Lycomedes | bass | |
| Céphise, confidante of Alcestis | soprano | |
| Cléante, knight of Admetus | tenor | |
| Pherès, father of Admetus | tenor | |
| Charon, | baritone | |
| Pluton, | bass | |
| Thétis, a sea-nymph | soprano | |
| Apollon, | haute-contre | |
| Proserpine, | soprano | |
| The Ghost of Alcestis, | silent role | |
| Alecton, a Fury | haute-contre | |
| A Rebuffed Ghost, | soprano | |
| Eole, King of the winds | baritone | |
| Diane, | soprano |
Synopsis
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Notable recordings
- Alceste with conductor Jean-Claude Malgoire and La Grande Ecurie et La Chambre du Roy. Cast includes: Jean-Philippe Lafont, Colette Alliot-Lugaz, Howard Crook, Veronique Gens, Francois Loup, Jean-Francois Gardeil, Gregory Reinhart, Olivier Lallouette, Gille Ragon, and Sophie-Marin Degor. Released in 1994 on the Astree label.
References
Lois Rosow. "Alceste (i)", Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy (accessed 08 August 2007), grovemusic.com (subscription access).
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