For more information on Alexander Lange Kielland, visit Britannica.com.
Alexander Kielland
| Britannica Concise Encyclopedia: Alexander Lange Kielland |
| Art Encyclopedia: Kitty (Lange) Kielland |
(b Stavanger, 8 Oct 1843; d Kristiania [now Oslo], 1 Oct 1914). Norwegian painter. She grew up in a rich and cultivated household; her younger brother Alexander L. Kielland became a well-known writer. In Stavanger she received a little training in drawing and painting, but it was not until she was nearly 30 that she was allowed to train to be a professional artist. In 1873 she went to Karlsruhe, where she was for two years a student of Hans Fredrik Gude. Under Gude's supervision she made rapid progress. His realistic style had a decisive and long-lasting influence on her. From 1875 to 1878 Kielland lived in Munich, where she studied for a while with the French-inspired realist Hermann Baisch (1846-94). Her most important teacher at this time, however, was the young Norwegian painter Eilif Peterssen. In 1876 she visited J?ren, in the south of Norway, for the first time and was the first artist to paint this flat landscape. Her view, From J?ren (1877; priv. col.), painted, from sketches, in Munich, marks a new degree of confidence. The landscape, conceived realistically but with a unifying atmospheric effect, marks her out as one of Gude's most outstanding students. In the summer of 1878 she was again at J?ren, and many of her best-known studies came into being at this time (several of them in Oslo, N.G.). From now on her painting is typified by her use of the realistically conceived landscape and by an unsentimental approach to subject-matter.
See the Abbreviations for further details.
| Columbia Encyclopedia: Alexander Lange Kielland |
Kielland, Alexander Lange (äləksän'dər läng'ə khĕl'län), 1849-1906, Norwegian novelist, short-story writer, and playwright. Two early volumes of short stories-Tales of Two Countries (1879, tr. 1891) and Norse Tales and Sketches (1897)-placed him among the important realists. His witty and ironic novels, written with the purpose of social reform, include Skipper Worse (1881, tr. 1885) and Poison (1883). In 1885 he was recommended for a state author's stipend, but the majority of Parliament rejected the idea. His writing was greatly influenced by George Brandes.
| Wikipedia: Alexander Kielland |
This article is about the Norwegian writer. For the oil platform, see Alexander Kielland (platform).
| Alexander L. Kielland | |
|---|---|
 Kielland in later years |
|
| Born | Alexander Lange Kielland 18 February 1849 Stavanger, Norway |
| Died | 6 April 1906 (aged 57) Bergen, Norway |
| Occupation | Novelist, short story writer, playwright, essayist, businessman, and politician. |
| Nationality | Norwegian |
| Literary movement | Realism |
Alexander Lange Kielland (Norwegian pronunciation: [ɑlɛksɑndər ˈlɑŋːə ˈçɛlːɑn]) (18 February 1849 – 6 April 1906) was one of the most famous Norwegian authors of the 19th century. Born in Stavanger, Norway, he grew up in a rich merchant family.[1] Even though he was born rich he had a sincere affection for the less fortunate. And he treated his workers well when he was a factory owner. He remained a spokesman for the weak and a critic of society throughout his time as a writer. Among his most famous works are the novels Garman & Worse (1880), Skipper Worse (1882), and Poison (Gift, 1883). His short stories are also well known.
Kielland was the younger brother of Norwegian landscape painter Kitty Lange Kielland, and their mutual interactions were important to shaping both as artists.[2]
In Gift (Poison, 1883) Kielland debates the hunger for Latin which Norwegian teachers had in this area of time. The story has its peak when a young boy called Marius, is lying on his deathbed, repeating Latin grammar.
It has been debated why Kielland ended his career as a writer so early. Some believe that he was so much of a realist that he could not deal with new-romantic tendencies in Norwegian literature at the end of the 19th century. A more probable reason is that he chose to focus on his politic career. Tor Obrestad's biography of Alexander L. Kielland opens up thoughts about Kielland dying from obesity. He had several heart-attacks, he constantly gained weight and he couldn't control his great passion for food.
In 1891 he was designated the mayor of his hometown, Stavanger, until in 1902 he moved on to Molde as county governor of Møre og Romsdal.
He is one of the so-called "The Four Greats" in Norwegian literature, along with Henrik Ibsen, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson and Jonas Lie, although the term was originally coined only as a marketing trick.[3]
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Contents
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Publications
Short stories
- Novelletter, 1879 [4]
- Nye novelletter, 1880
- To Novelletter fra Danmark, 1882
Novels
- Garman & Worse, 1880 - [5][6]
- Arbeidsfolk, 1881
- Else, 1881
- Skipper Worse, 1882 [7][8].
- Gift, 1883
- Fortuna, 1884
- Sne, 1886
- Sankt Hans Fest, 1887
- Jacob, 1891
Plays
- Paa Hjemvejen, 1878
- Hans Majestæts Foged, 1880
- Det hele er Ingenting, 1880
- Tre par, 1886
- Bettys Formynder, 1887
- Professoren, 1888
Essays
- Forsvarssagen, 1890
- Menneker og Dyr, 1891
- Omkring Napoleon, 1905 [9]
References and notes
- ^ Material on Kielland
- ^ "Kitty Lange Kielland". A Mirror Of Nature: Nordic Landscape Painting 1840-1910. Minneapolis Institute of Arts. http://www.artsmia.org/mirror-of-nature/the-artists.cfm?lng=0&artist=kielland. Retrieved 2008-03-23.
- ^ The Literary Masters of Norway, with Samples of Their Works; introduced by Carl Henrik Grøndahl and Nina Tjomsland; Tanum-Norli, Oslo 1978
- ^ Available for free download on the Internet at Project Gutenberg: Norse Tales and Sketches
- ^ English translation 1890: Garman and Worse. Available for free download on the Internet at Project Gutenberg: Garman and Worse
- ^ Garman & Worse is also available in the original Norwegian on Project Runeberg at Garman og Worse (Norwegian)
- ^ Skipper Worse was published in English translation in 1885 and later as one of the Harvard Classic collection. A 2009 translation into English of Skipper Worse by Christopher Fauske is published by Cross-Cultural Communications, Merrick, NY.
- ^ . Skipper Worseis also available in the original Norwegian on Project Runeberg at Skipper Worse
- ^ English translation 1907: Napoleon's Men and Methods
External links
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| Preceded by Ludvig Arnoldus Leth |
County Governor of Møre og Romsdal 1902–1906 |
Succeeded by Birger Kildal |
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