The Allegheny Front is a portion of the escarpment that delineates the eastern edge of the Appalachian Plateau (locally called the Allegheny Plateau) and the higher ranges of the Allegheny Mountains, separating them from the lower Alleghenies to the east. It is a part of the Ridge and Valley Appalachians and is conterminous with the Eastern Continental Divide in this region.
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Geography
While the entire escarpment of which the Allegheny Front is a part stretches from New York (the Helderbergs) to Tennessee (Cumberland Mountain and Waldens Ridge), the portion known as the Allegheny Front extends southwesterly from south-central Pennsylvania, through western Maryland and eastern West Virginia to a portion of the West Virginia/Virginia border.[1] In Maryland the front is known as Dan's Mountain. [2] The elevational change of the front ranges from less than 2,000 feet (610 m) in Pennsylvania to almost 3,000 feet (910 m) above the North Fork South Branch Potomac River near Hopeville, West Virginia.
Geology
Historically, the front was the edge of a salt evaporite basin formed at the end of the Silurian period, which created significant differences in the erosionary properties of rocks to either side of the front.[3] The terrain differences to either side are also partially caused by the Alleghenian orogeny, in which Gondwana (modern Africa) impacted and overrode part of what is now the North American crustal plate, thrusting and piling up the ridge mountains of the physiographic regions to the east.[4]
See also
References
- ^ Hobson, Archie (1995). The Cambridge Gazetteer of the United States and Canada: A Dictionary of Places. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
- ^ Campbell, John C. (1969 (original version 1921)). The Southern Highlander & His Homeland. Lexington, Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky. p. 341. found at Google Books
- ^ Geophysics Study Committee; Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources; National Research Council (1990). The Role of Fluids in Crustal Processes. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. p. 143. found at Google Books
- ^ Fichter, Lynn S.; Baedke, Steve J. (2003-01-20). "The Geological Evolution of Virginia and the Mid-Atlantic Region: The Late Paleozoic Alleghanian Orogeny". James Madison University. http://csmres.jmu.edu/geollab/vageol/vahist/K-LatPal.html. Retrieved 2006-09-08.
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