Allolactose

Allolactose
IUPAC name (3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol
Other names 6-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-glucose; β-D-Galactopyranosyl (1→6)-D-glucose
Identifiers
CAS number	28447-39-4
PubChem	6454902
ChemSpider	4957195 Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:36229 Y
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
SMILES O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](OC(O)[C@@H]1O)CO[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O
InChI InChI=1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(14)8(17)10(19)12(23-3)21-2-4-6(15)7(16)9(18)11(20)22-4/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5+,6-,7+,8+,9-,10-,11?,12-/m1/s1 Y Key: DLRVVLDZNNYCBX-VDGMBKLFSA-N Y InChI=1/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(14)8(17)10(19)12(23-3)21-2-4-6(15)7(16)9(18)11(20)22-4/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5+,6-,7+,8+,9-,10-,11?,12-/m1/s1 Key: DLRVVLDZNNYCBX-VDGMBKLFBT
Properties
Molecular formula	C12H22O11
Molar mass	342.296 g/mol
Y (verify) (what is: Y/N?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Allolactose is a disaccharide similar to lactose. It consists of the monosaccharides D-galactose and D-glucose linked through a β1-6 glycosidic linkage instead of the β1-4 linkage of lactose. It may arise from the occasional transglycosylation of lactose by β-galactosidase.

It is an inducer of the lac operon in Escherichia coli. It binds to a subunit of the tetrameric lac repressor, which results in conformational changes and reduces the binding affinity of the lac repressor to the lac operator, thereby dissociating it from the lac operator. The absence of the repressor allows the transcription of the lac operon to proceed. A non-hydrolyzable analog of allolactose, isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), is normally used in molecular biology to induce the lac operon.

See also

• Lac operon#Regulation by allolactose
• Lac repressor
• Inducer

External links

• MeSH allolactose
• Illustration of function

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