Alsó-Fehér County
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Alsó-Fehér County
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Alsó-Fehér is the name of a historic administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently in western Romania (central Transylvania). The capital of the county was Nagyenyed (Romanian: Aiud).
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Geography
Alsó-Fehér county shared borders with the Hungarian counties Hunyad, Torda-Aranyos, Kis-Küküllő, Nagy-Küküllő, and Szeben. The rivers Maros (Romanian: Mureş) and Küküllő (Romanian: Târnava) flow through the county. Its area was 3580 km² around 1910.
History
Alsó-Fehér (Lower Fehér) county was formed when the county Fehér was split in the Late Middle Ages. (The other half, Felső-Fehér county, consisted entirely of enclaves between Székely and Saxon seats.) In 1876, when the administrative structure of Transylvania was changed, the territory of Alsó-Fehér was modified, and Felső-Fehér county was entirely abolished and merged with other counties. In 1920 the Treaty of Trianon assigned the territory of the county to Romania. Its territory lies in the present Romanian counties of Alba, Sibiu (the south-east) and Mureş (a small northeastern part).
Demographics
In 1910, county had a population of 221,618 people. Population by language:
- Romanian = 171,483
- Hungarian = 39,107
- German = 7,269
The majority of the Hungarians lived in the cities of the county (like Alba Iulia, Aiud, Abrud, Ocna Sibiului, etc.) and in the districts of Marosújvár and Nagyenyed.
Subdivisions
In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Alsó-Fehér county were:
| Districts (járások) | |
|---|---|
| District | Capital |
| Alvinc | Alvinc, RO Vinţu de Jos |
| Balázsfalva | Balázsfalva, RO Blaj |
| Kisenyed | Vízakna, RO Ocna Sibiului |
| Magyarigen | Magyarigen, RO Ighiu |
| Marosújvár | Marosújvár, RO Ocna Mureş |
| Nagyenyed | Nagyenyed, RO Aiud |
| Tövis | Tövis, RO Teiuş |
| Verespatak | Verespatak, RO Roşia Montană |
| Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú városok) | |
| Abrudbánya, RO Abrud | |
| Gyulafehérvár, RO Alba Iulia | |
| Nagyenyed, RO Aiud | |
| Vízakna, RO Ocna Sibiului | |
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