Anadyr
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Anadyr (town)
For other uses, see Anadyr (disambiguation).
| Anadyr (English) Анадырь (Russian) |
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| - Town[1] - | |
 View of Anadyr from the harbor |
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.svg) Location of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in Russia |
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 Anadyr
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| Coordinates: 64°44′N 177°31′E / 64.733°N 177.517°ECoordinates: 64°44′N 177°31′E / 64.733°N 177.517°E | |
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| Administrative status (as of May 2011) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Chukotka Autonomous Okrug[2] |
| Administratively subordinated to | Town of okrug significance of Anadyr[2] |
| Administrative center of | Chukotka Autonomous Okrug,[2] town of okrug significance of Anadyr, Anadyrsky District[1] |
| Municipal status (as of November 2004) | |
| Urban okrug | Anadyr Urban Okrug[3] |
| Administrative center of | Anadyr Urban Okrug[3] |
| Head of Administration[citation needed] | Andrey Shchegolkov[4] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census, preliminary) |
13,053 inhabitants[5] |
| Population (2002 Census) | 11,038 inhabitants[6] |
| Time zone | MAGT (UTC+12:00)[7] |
| Founded | 1889[8] |
| Town status since | January 12, 1965[8] |
| Previous names | Novo-Mariinsk (until August 5, 1923)[citation needed] |
| Postal code(s) | 689000[9] |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 42722[8] |
| Official website | |
| Anadyr on WikiCommons | |
Anadyr (Russian: Ана́дырь; Chukchi: Кагыргын, Kagyrgyn) is a port town and the administrative centre of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia. It is located at the mouth of the Anadyr River, on the tip of the southern promontory that sticks out into Anadyrskiy Liman. At 177°30′E, Anadyr is the easternmost town in Russia (more easterly locations, such as Provideniya and Uelen, do not have town status). It was founded on July 21, 1889 as Novo-Mariinsk, and renamed on August 5, 1923 following the Kamchatka Revkom. Town status was granted to it on January 12, 1965. Population: 13,053 (2010 Census preliminary results).[5]
Anadyr is the largest town in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug.[5] It is completely surrounded by Anadyrsky District and since June 2011 serves as its administrative center, although it is not administratively a part of the district.[1]
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Contents
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History
Although the town itself has only been in existence for just over a century, the origins of the name Anadyr are much older. The name initially derives from the Yukaghir word "any-an" meaning "river". When Semyon Dezhnev met Yukaghir peoples in the area and the indigenous name was corrupted to form "Onandyr", later Anadyrsk, the name of the ostrog (fort) upstream of the present-day settlement, from which the current name is derived.[8]
Pyotr Baranov (brother of Alexander Andreyevich Baranov) established a trading post near the present town site in the early 19th century; Chukchi settlement around it formed the village of Vyon in 1830.[8]
The present settlement was founded by L. F. Grinevetsky, who sailed into the Anadyrsky Liman on July 9, 1889. The town's first building was completed twelve days later and as it was the name-day of Tsaritsa Maria Feodorovna the town was named Mariinsk. Since this was not the first time that a town had been named Mariinsk in Russia, the name was swiftly changed to Novo-Mariinsk.[8]
The presence of communism was not initially welcomed by the merchants of the town. The first Revkom was founded on January 16, 1919 and barely lasted two weeks before its members were thrown out of the town and summarily executed. However, the merchants of the town fared worse eighteen months later when the Bolsheviks returned and began to reorganise urban life.[8]
Administrative and municipal status
Administratively, along with one rural locality, it is incorporated as the town of okrug significance of Anadyr—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[2] Municipally, the town of okrug significance of Anadyr is incorporated as Anadyr Urban Okrug.[3]
Demographics
| 1926[10] | 1939[11] | 1959[12] | 1970[13] | 1979[14] | 1989[15] | 2002[6] | 2010[5] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 224 | 3,344 | 5,859 | 7,703 | 12,241 | 17,094 | 11,038 | 13,053 |
Transportation
Anadyr is an important sea port on the Gulf of Anadyr of the Bering Sea and is connected to almost all big Russian Far Eastern sea ports. The Anadyr Ugolny Airport serves major and minor cities in the Russian Far East with connections to Khabarovsk, Vladivostok and Moscow, and Bering Air charter flights to Nome, Alaska. The airport is on the other side of the Anadyrskiy Liman and between January and May transportation from the airport to Anadyr is by ice road.[8]
Climate
Anadyr experiences a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc). The weather in Anadyr is extremely changeable, with heavy storms often being brought in from the Anadyrskiy Liman and the Bering Sea. This coupled with strong southerly winds in the autumn often brings flooding to the area.
| Climate data for Anadyr | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 5.8 (42.4) |
2.7 (36.9) |
3.0 (37.4) |
7.1 (44.8) |
13.3 (55.9) |
26.5 (79.7) |
30.0 (86.0) |
26.6 (79.9) |
17.7 (63.9) |
15.6 (60.1) |
4.6 (40.3) |
4.3 (39.7) |
30.0 (86.0) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −18.9 (−2.0) |
−18.3 (−0.9) |
−15.5 (4.1) |
−9 (16) |
1.6 (34.9) |
10.6 (51.1) |
15.5 (59.9) |
13.7 (56.7) |
7.7 (45.9) |
−2 (28) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
−15.7 (3.7) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −26.2 (−15.2) |
−25.4 (−13.7) |
−22.7 (−8.9) |
−16.4 (2.5) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
3.2 (37.8) |
8.6 (47.5) |
7.3 (45.1) |
2.0 (35.6) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
−16.7 (1.9) |
−22.8 (−9.0) |
−10.1 (13.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −46.8 (−52.2) |
−44.7 (−48.5) |
−42.1 (−43.8) |
−39.6 (−39.3) |
−28.2 (−18.8) |
−7.6 (18.3) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
−11.8 (10.8) |
−28.2 (−18.8) |
−38.8 (−37.8) |
−45.2 (−49.4) |
−46.8 (−52.2) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 45 (1.77) |
40 (1.57) |
33 (1.3) |
23 (0.91) |
13 (0.51) |
18 (0.71) |
34 (1.34) |
44 (1.73) |
33 (1.3) |
26 (1.02) |
34 (1.34) |
41 (1.61) |
384 (15.12) |
| % humidity | 82 | 81 | 81 | 82 | 84 | 78 | 79 | 81 | 80 | 84 | 83 | 82 | 81 |
| Avg. rainy days | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1 | 9 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 16 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 84.7 |
| Avg. snowy days | 18 | 17 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 5 | 18 | 19 | 17 | 142.4 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 27.9 | 101.7 | 198.4 | 249.0 | 244.9 | 279.0 | 257.3 | 186.0 | 138.0 | 105.4 | 48.0 | 12.4 | 1,848 |
| Source no. 1: Погода и Климат[16] | |||||||||||||
| Source no. 2: HKO[17] | |||||||||||||
Politics
Results of Russian legislatives elections
| Parties \ Year | 2003 | 2007 | 2011 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Communist Party | 4.61% | 3.73% | 4.39% |
| Patriots of Russia (including former Party of Peace and Unity) |
0.57% | 0.53% | 0.60% |
| A Just Russia (including former Rodina or Motherland-National Patriotic Union Russian Party of Life People's Party of the Russian Federation and Russian Ecological Party "The Greens") |
9.98% | 3.85% | 5.01% |
| Yabloko (including former Union of People for education and research, "Партия СЛОН") |
3.30% | 1.08% | 1.66% |
| Right Cause (including former Citizens' Force Democratic Party of Russia and Union of Rightist Forces) |
3.03% | 1.54% | 0.70% |
| United Russia (including former Agrarian Party of Russia) |
55.55% | 76.37% | 72.44% |
| Liberal Democratic Party | 11.67% | 12.19% | 12.97% |
| Other minor parties | 9.93% | xx% | xx% |
Notable people
- Valery Ivanovich Tokarev, cosmonaut
- Roman Abramovich, oil oligarch and the former governor of Chukotka
Sister city
Gallery
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View from Anadyr Airport
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Anadyr Child Creativity Palace
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Anadyr Market
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View from Anadyr harbour
References
Notes
- ^ a b c Directive #517-rp
- ^ a b c d Law #33-OZ
- ^ a b c Law #40-OZ
- ^ Anadyr - Official Chukotka Website
- ^ a b c d Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
- ^ a b c d e f g h Petit Futé, Chukotka, pp. 77ff
- ^ Red Cross Chukotka
- ^ Список населённых мест Дальневосточного края. По материалам Всесоюзной переписи населения 17 декабря 1926 года и Приполярной переписи 1926—27 года. — Хабаровск; Благовещенск, 1929.
- ^ РГАЭ, ф. 1562, оп. 336, д. 1470, л. 20.
- ^ Перепись населения СССР 1959 года
- ^ Перепись населения СССР 1970 года
- ^ Перепись населения СССР 1979 года
- ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ "Погода и Климат - климат Анадыря" (in ru). http://pogoda.ru.net/climate/25563.htm. Retrieved September 15, 2009.
- ^ "Climatological Information for Anadyr', Russia". http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/europe/russia/anadyr_e.htm. Retrieved August 31, 2011.
- ^ Bethel website
Sources
- Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №33-ОЗ от 30 июня 1998 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Чукотского автономного округа», в ред. Закона №44-ОЗ от 26 мая 2011 г «О преобразовании некоторых административно-территориальных образований в Чукотском автономном округе и внесении изменений в Закон Чукотского автономного округа "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Чукотского автономного округа"». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней со дня его официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №7 (28), 14 мая 1999 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #33-OZ of June 30, 1998 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Law #44-OZ of May 26, 2011 On the Transformation of Several Administrative-Territorial Formations of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and on Amending the Law of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug". Effective as of after ten days from the day of the official publication.).
- Правительство Чукотского автономного округа. Распоряжение №517-рп от 30 декабря 2008 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных и территориальных образований Чукотского автономного округа», в ред. Распоряжения №323-рп от 27 июня 2011 г. «О внесении изменений в Распоряжение Правительства Чукотского автономного округа от 30 декабря 2008 года №517-рп». Опубликован: База данных "Консультант-плюс". (Government of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Directive #517-rp of December 30, 2008 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial and Territorial Formations of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Directive #323-rp of June 27, 2011 On Amending the Government of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Directive No. 517-rp of December 30, 2008. ).
- Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №40-ОЗ от 29 ноября 2004 г. «О статусе и границах муниципального образования город Анадырь Чукотского автономного округа». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №31/1 (178/1), 10 декабря 2004 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #40-OZ of November 29, 2004 On the Status and Borders of the Municipal Formation of the Town of Anadyr of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Effective as of the day ten days after the official publication date.).
External links
- Official website of Anadyr
- Flickr photos tagged anadyr
- Clipper Ship Razboinik which helped found Novo Mariinsk
- Anadyr Photo Gallery
- Panorama of Anadyr
- More photos of Anadyr
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Mentioned in
Anadyr
(river of northeast Russia)
Chukchi Peninsula
(geographical area, Russia/Asia)
Semen Ivanovich Dezhnev
(Russian history)
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