Andre Dubus

Andre Dubus II
Born	August 11, 1936(1936-08-11) Lake Charles, Louisiana, United States
Died	February 24, 1999(1999-02-24) (aged 62) Haverhill, Massachusetts, United States
Occupation	short story writer, novelist, teacher
Nationality	American
Period	1967-1998
Genres	Literary fiction
Influences Anton Chekhov, Ernest Hemingway, John Cheever, Richard Yates
Influenced Raymond Carver, Richard Ford, Tobias Wolff, Andre Dubus III, Jay Sheckley, Jhumpa Lahiri

Andre Dubus, II (August 11, 1936 - February 24, 1999) was an American short story writer, essayist, and autobiographer.^[1]

Biography

Early life and education

Andre Dubus was born in Lake Charles, Louisiana, the youngest child of a Cajun-Irish Catholic family. His two elder siblings are Kathryn and Beth. His surname is pronounced "Duh-BYOOSE", with the accent on the second syllable to rhyme with the noun "excuse." Dubus grew up in the Bayou country in Lafayette, Louisiana, and was educated by the Christian Brothers, a Catholic religious order that emphasized literature and writing. Dubus graduated from nearby McNeese State College in 1958 as a journalism and English major. Dubus then spent six years in the Marine Corps, eventually rising to the rank of captain. At this time he married his first wife and started a family. After leaving the Marine Corps, Dubus moved with his wife and four children to Iowa City, where he later graduated from the University of Iowa's Iowa Writers' Workshop with an MFA in creative writing, studying under Richard Yates. He admired Hemingway, Chekhov, and Cheever.^[2]

Personal difficulties

Dubus's life was marked by several tragedies. His daughter was raped as a young woman, causing Dubus many years of paranoia over his loved ones' safety.^{[citation needed]} Dubus carried personal firearms to protect himself and those around him, until the night in the late 1980s, when he almost shot a man in a drunken argument outside a bar in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.^{[citation needed]}

Dubus was seriously injured in a car accident on the night of July 23, 1986. He was driving from Boston to his home in Haverhill, Massachusetts, and he stopped to assist two disabled motorists—brother and sister Luis and Luz Santiago. As Dubus assisted the injured Luz to the side of the highway, an oncoming car swerved and hit them. Luis was killed instantly; Luz survived because Dubus had pushed her out of the way. Dubus was critically injured and both his legs were crushed. After a series of unsuccessful operations, his left leg was amputated above the knee, and he eventually lost the use of his right leg. Dubus spent three years undergoing a series of painful operations and extensive physical therapy. Despite his efforts to walk with a prosthesis, chronic infections confined him to a wheelchair for the remainder of his life, and he battled clinical depression as a result of his condition. Over the course of these struggles Dubus's third wife left him, taking with her their two young daughters.

Final years

To help Dubus with mounting medical bills, Andre's friends and fellow writers Kurt Vonnegut and John Updike held a special literary benefit. Dubus continued to write, producing two books of essays and a collection of short stories, and conducted a weekly writers' workshop in his home, meeting with a group of young writers.

Dubus also found a deeper religious faith at this time. A practicing Catholic all his life, Dubus found that the loss of his mobility drew him closer to God, and renewed his Catholic faith at a deeper level.^{[citation needed]}

Dubus spent his later years in Haverhill, until his death from a heart attack in 1999, at age 62. He is buried in Greenwood Cemetery, near where he lived, in Haverhill, Massachusetts.^[3]

Legacy

He married three times and fathered six children. His son Andre Dubus III is also an author, whose most noted book is the novel House of Sand and Fog (1999), both a finalist for the National Book Award and the basis for an Academy award-nominated film of the same title. In 2011, Andre Dubus III published a memoir of his life, Townie, which tells of growing up in Haverhill and deals extensively with his relationship with his father and the impoverished conditions faced by his mother and siblings following her divorce from Andre Dubus.

Writing career

Although he did write one novel, The Lieutenant, in 1967, Dubus considered himself primarily as a writer of short fiction. Throughout his career, he published most of his work in small, distinguished literary journals such as Ploughshares^[4] and Sewanee Review. Later in his career he placed stories in magazines such as The New Yorker and Playboy. Andre remained loyal to a small publishing firm run by David R. Godine that published his first works. When larger book publishers approached him with more lucrative deals, Dubus stayed with Godine, switching only to Alfred A. Knopf towards the end of his career to assist with medical bills.

Dubus's collections include: Separate Flights (1975), Adultery and Other Choices (1977), Finding a Girl in America (1980), The Times Are Never So Bad (1983), Voices from the Moon (1984), The Last Worthless Evening (1986), Selected Stories (1988), Broken Vessels (1991), Dancing After Hours (1996), and Meditations from a Movable Chair (1998). His writing awards include the PEN/Malamud, the Rea Award for the Short Story for excellence in short fiction, the Jean Stein Award from the American Academy of Arts and Letters, and fellowships from the Guggenheim and MacArthur Foundations. Several writing awards are named after Dubus. His papers are archived at McNeese State University and Xavier University in Louisiana.

Cinematic adaptations

After Dubus's death, his story "Killings" was adapted into Todd Field's In the Bedroom (2001) starring Sissy Spacek, Tom Wilkinson, and Marisa Tomei . The film was nominated for five Academy Awards – Best Picture, Actor in a Leading Role (Wilkinson), Actress in a Leading Role (Spacek), Actress in a Supporting Role (Tomei), and Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material Previously Published (Robert Festinger & Field).

The 2004 movie We Don't Live Here Anymore is based upon two of Dubus' novellas, "We Don't Live Here Anymore" and "Adultery." ^[5]

Bibliography

• The Lieutenant (novel, 1967)
• Separate Flights (stories, 1975)
• Dubus, André (1977). Adultery and Other Choices. David R. Godine Publisher. ISBN 978-0-87923-284-9. http://books.google.com/?id=rih4OVgp_O4C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Andre+Dubus&cd=10#v=onepage&q=Andre%20Dubus.  (reprint David R. Godine Publisher, 1999, ISBN 978-0-87923-284-9)
• Dubus, André (1980). Finding a Girl in America. David R. Godine Publisher. ISBN 978-0-87923-393-8. http://books.google.com/?id=LlwI_0rUh6YC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Andre+Dubus&cd=9#v=onepage&q=Andre%20Dubus. 
• The Times Are Never So Bad (stories, 1983)
• Voices from the Moon (novella, 1984)
• The Last Worthless Evening (stories, 1986)
• Selected Stories (stories, 1988) reprint Vintage Books, 1996 ISBN 978-0-679-76730-5
• Dubus, André (1991). Broken Vessels. David R. Godine Publisher. ISBN 978-0-87923-948-0. http://books.google.com/?id=7G4r5T_rINoC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Andre+Dubus&cd=11#v=onepage&q=Andre%20Dubus.  (essays, reissue 1992)
• Dancing After Hours (stories, 1996) A.A. Knopf, ISBN 978-0-679-43107-7
• Meditations from a Moveable Chair (essays, 1998)
• In the Bedroom (stories, 2001) ISBN 978-1-4000-3077-4

Reviews

• Updike, John (4 February 1985). "Books: Ungreat Lives". The New Yorker 60 (51): 94–101.  Review of Voices from the Moon.
• Joshua Bodwell (July/August 2008). "The Art of Reading Andre Dubus: We Don’t Have to Live Great Lives". Poets & Writers. http://www.pw.org/content/art_reading_andre_dubus_we_don%E2%80%99t_have_live_great_lives. 

References

External links

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Andre Dubus

• Ravin, Richard (1999-03-18). "Remembering Andre Dubus". Salon. http://www1.salon.com/books/feature/1999/03/18feature.html. 
• "Symposium on Andre Dubus and Andre Dubus III". Saint Anselm College. http://www.anselm.edu/Academics/Majors-and-Departments/English/Symposium-on-Andre-Dubus-and-Andre-Dubus-III.htm.