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angary

 
Dictionary: an·ga·ry   (ăng'gə-rē) pronunciation also an·gar·i·a
(ăng-gâr'ē-ə)
n.
The legal right of a belligerent to seize, use, or destroy the property of a neutral, provided that full compensation is made.

[Late Latin angaria, service to a lord, from Greek angareia, impressment for public service, from angaros, conscript courier.]


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Angary (Lat. jus angariae; Fr. droit d'angarie; Ger. Angarie; from the Gr. ἀγγαρεία, (angaria), the office of an ἄγγαρος, courier or messenger), the name given to the right of a belligerent (most commonly, a government or other party in conflict) to seize and apply for the purposes of war (or to prevent the enemy from doing so) any kind of property on belligerent territory, including that which may belong to subjects or citizens of a neutral state.

Article 53 of the Regulations respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land, annexed to the Hague Convention of 1899 on the same subject, provides that railway plant, land telegraphs, telephones, steamers and other ships (other than such as are governed by maritime law), though belonging to companies or private persons, may be used for military operations, but "must be restored at the conclusion of peace and indemnities paid for them." Article 54 adds that "the plant of railways coming from neutral states, whether the property of those states or of companies or private persons, shall be sent back to them as soon as possible."

These articles seem to sanction the right of angary against neutral property, while limiting it as against both belligerent and neutral property. It may be considered, however, that the right to use implies as wide a range of contingencies as the "necessity of war" can be made to cover.

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Koninklijke Nedlloyd N.V.
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Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Angary" Read more