anneal

(ə-nēl')

v., -nealed, -neal·ing, -neals.

v.tr.

1. To subject (glass or metal) to a process of heating and slow cooling in order to toughen and reduce brittleness.
2. To strengthen or harden.

v.intr.
To become strengthened or hardened: "the time she needed for opinion to anneal around her policy" (Alexander M. Haig, Jr.).

[Middle English anelen, from Old English onǣlan, to set fire to : on, on; see on + ǣlan, to kindle.]

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To take the brittleness out of metal, plastic or certain carbon composites. Performed in the preparation of new products or in their restoration, annealing is accomplished via a heat treating process.

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IN BRIEF: To change by heating and cooling.

It's often necessary to anneal glass products.

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1. the renaturation of heat-denatured nucleic acids or proteins by slow cooling.
2. the formation of hybrid double-stranded nucleic acid molecules by the slow cooling of a mixture of denatured, single-stranded nucleic acids. It is used to detect complementary regions of different nucleic-acid molecules. When one of the nucleic acids is an oligonucleotide, perfect complementarity with a target sequence can be distinguished from mismatched duplexes by selecting an annealing temperature close to the melting temperature (T_m) for the oligonucleotide.
3. the second phase of a polymerase chain reaction.
4. the slow regulated cooling, especially of metals or glasses, to relieve the stresses caused by heating or other treatments.

— annealer n.

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(anēl′)
n

(homogenizing heat treatment, softening heat treatment), the softening of a metal by controlled heating and cooling.

For a list of words related to annealing, see:

• Sculpture Tools and Techniques - annealing: softening of hammer-hardened metal by heating and gradual cooling

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See words rhyming with "anneal."

Dansk (Danish)
v. tr. - udgløde, hærde
v. intr. - hærdes, udglødes

Nederlands (Dutch)
harden, uitgloeien (metaal/glas), opnieuw in dubbele spiraal combineren (DNA)

Français (French)
v. tr. - recuire
v. intr. - recuire

Deutsch (German)
v. - (tech.) ausglühen, kühlen

Ελληνική (Greek)
v. - (μηχαν.) ανοπτώ, ξαναθερμαίνω
n. - ανόπτηση, θερμική κατεργασία

Italiano (Italian)
temprare, temperatura

Português (Portuguese)
v. - amolecer (Metal.), recozer (Metal.), temperar (Metal.)
n. - recozimento (m) (Metal.), têmpera (f) (Metal.)

Русский (Russian)
прокаливать, обжигать, обжиг

Español (Spanish)
v. tr. - recocer, templar, endurecer
v. intr. - templarse, endurecerse

Svenska (Swedish)
v. - bränna, anlöpa
n. - kylning

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
退火, 韧炼, 锻炼, 能与互补的核酸结合

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
v. tr. - 退火, 韌煉, 鍛煉
v. intr. - 能與互補的核酸結合

한국어 (Korean)
v. tr. - 을 달구다[단련하다]
v. intr. - 달구다[단련하다]

日本語 (Japanese)
v. - 焼きなます, アニールする, 鍛える, アニール化される

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(فعل) يحمي الزجاج لتثبيت الألوان عليه, يقوي (الاسم) يلدن‏

עברית (Hebrew)
v. tr. - ‮חישל, חיזק‬
v. intr. - ‮הורכב מחדש בתהליך דו-גדילי (AND)‬

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