Annotated bibliography
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Annotated bibliography
An annotated bibliograph is a bibliography that gives a summary of each of the entries.[1] The purpose of annotations is to provide the reader with a summary and an evaluation of the source. Each summary should be a concise exposition of the source's central idea(s) and give the reader a general idea of the source's content.[2][3]
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Contents
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Content
An annotation should include complete bibliographic information for the source. It should also include some or all of the following:
- An explanation about the authority and/or qualifications of the author
- Scope or main purpose of the work
- Any detectable bias or interpretive stance
- Intended audience and level of reading
- A summary sentence
The length of an entry in annotated bibliographies varies greatly, from one sentence to a paragraph. Some style manuals suggest that annotations should be between 100 to 200 words.[4]
Types of annotations
Annotations may be written with different goals in mind. Can vary with different types of annotation.
Indicative annotations
This type of annotation defines the scope of the source, lists the topics and explains what the source is about. In this type of entry, there is no attempt to give actual data such as hypotheses, proofs, etc.[5]
Informative annotations
This type of annotation is a summary of the source. An informative annotation should include the thesis of the work, arguments or hypotheses, proofs and a conclusion.[5]
Evaluative annotations
This type of annotation assesses the source's strengths and weaknesses, in terms of usefulness and quality.[5]
Combination annotations
Most annotated bibliographies contain combination annotations. This type of annotation will summarize or describe the topic, and then evaluate the source's usefulness.[5]
Writing styles
No matter which writing style is used for annotations, all entries should be brief and a style should be used consistently. Only the most significant details should be mentioned. Information that is apparent in the title can be omitted from the annotation. In addition, background materials and any references to previous work are usually excluded.[6]
Some styles, such as the "telegraphic" style, do not require complete and grammatically correct sentences; others do. In general, though, sentences are tersely written.[6]
References
- ^ What is an Annotated Bibliography? by the University of New South Wales The Learning Centre
- ^ Carlson, Laurie. "Annotated Bibliographies". KU Writing Center. University of Kansas. http://www.writing.ku.edu/~writing/guides/bibs.shtml. Retrieved 15 April 2009.
- ^ Geoff Stacks, Erin Karper (2001). "Annotated Bibliographies". Purdue University. http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/general/gl_annotatedbib.html. Retrieved 2009-10-06.
- ^ "How to Write Annotated Bibliographies". http://www.library.mun.ca/guides/howto/annotated_bibl.php. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
- ^ a b c d "Annotated Bibliographies: Content". Writer's Handbook. University of Wisconsin at Madison: The Writing Center. http://www.wisc.edu/writing/Handbook/AnnBib_content.html. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
- ^ a b "Annotated Bibliographies: Style". Writer's Handbook. University of Wisconsin at Madison: The Writing Center. http://www.wisc.edu/writing/Handbook/AnnBib_style.html. Retrieved 2009-10-06.
External links
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